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The comparative analysis of Quebec's social policies has developed through two types of approaches: explicative and qualificative. This article proposes a comparative analysis of Quebec's strategy to fight poverty and social exclusion, a perspective which is not often adopted in light of these two approaches. This double comparison makes it possible, on the one hand, to evaluate the weight of Quebec's strategy as an explicative factor for social inclusion policies (through a comparison with EU-15 member states) and, on the other hand, to analyze more precisely the political choices of Quebec's strategy (compared to those of Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario and Nova Scotia). Adapted from the source document.

The book of D. Fassin La Force de l'ordre produces an analysis of French anti-crime police units named BAC. The survey results, similar to those established for several years by the sociology of the police, are linked to a triple ambition: to carry out an anthropology of public/social order in working-class districts and, ultimately, of the state; to conduct a comprehensive analysis of police action in order to make it possible to criticize this action; to generate a public debate on police practices. These three objectives are thwarted, respectively, by the poverty of the descriptions mobilized by the author, by the asymmetric treatment he reserves to the actors and, finally, by a misconception of the relationships between social sciences and society. Adapted from the source document.

The restructuring of the Quebecois organization Emploi-Quebec (including its new use of a single window) is used to demonstrate that the transformation of a governmental agency necessarily changes the structure of public political networks formed around social actors who have close ties to the institutions being affected. It is held that the network currently being created around Emploi-Quebec includes persons previously employed by the federal & provincial labor & manpower policy networks, as well as grassroots social groups who play a major role in efforts to combat poverty. Despite the important participation of these individuals, no consensus has been reached about the policies of Emploi-Quebec, leaving the organization without any immediate goals. Emploi-Quebec's failure to act independently is deemed a bad sign for the future of similar solidarity state organizations. 1 Table. Adapted from the source document.

Having officially adopted, since the end of the 1990s, a program for the struggle against poverty under the aegis of international aid donors, Mali must now implement development policies that have been formulated in consultation with various social actors. While the analysis of the "participation" of social actors in the Strategic Framework for the Reduction of Poverty reveals new compromises made between the State, its international partners, and NGOs, the impact on State governance practices remains limited. (Polit afr/DÜI)