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This thesis investigates presumptive effects of the political participation on the economic growth through social capital accumulation. In the second section, by using an endogenous growth model, we examine the issue with a comparison of two economic systems; decentralized and centralized economy in the latter of which the representative household internalizes all externalities in social, productive and private sector, in contrast to the decentralized economy. In the third section, we approach the same point by adopting an efficient bargaining model in which we assume that average level of the political participation is a contributor to the labour union's bargaining strength. Upon this approach, we develop a comparative analysis by solving the representative household optimization problem in two different scenarios, with and without efficient wage hypothesis. We demonstrate that there exists an effect of the political participation resulting in a positive stationary growth rate in all models. Moreover, we found the average level of political participation to be correlated with the bargained wage rate and the bargained employment rate under the ef- ficient wage hypothesis.

Envisaging political power as dynamic allows the historian to deal with its structures with some sophistication. This paper approaches political power, not as a circumscribed block of bureaucratic elements, but as a complex phenomenon rooted in social reality. The authors explore the dialogue between local and central power, understanding 'dialogue' in its widest sense. Thus the relationships (both amicable and hostile) between local and central spheres of influence are studied. The authors propose a new analytical framework for the study of the config uration of political power in the northern zone of the Iberian peninsula, over a long period of time, which takes in both the post-Roman world a nd the political structures of the early Middle Ages.

Planing craft are the most common boats used all around the world for small commercial, military and pleasure craft. Hulls available for planing craft are many, differing for geometry, shape and dimensional ratios. Despite of that, there is a lack of experimental data on these hulls and there are no effective and user-friendly tools, available for Power and Resistance Assessment in the Preliminary Design Phase, except in the case of very simple hull geometry. The goal of this PhD Thesis work is to try out a new effective and robust tool useful to the Resistance Assessment of a non-monohedral planing craft in calm water.

This item is part of the Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements (PRISM) digital collection, a collaborative initiative between Florida Atlantic University and University of Central Florida in the Publication of Archival, Library & Museum Materials (PALMM).

La tesi intende offrire una riflessione in merito al potere degli organi giurisdizionali di disporre normativamente su determinati aspetti del processo che si svolge dinanzi ad essi, sostituendosi così al legislatore. Il piano di indagine della tesi si sviluppa prevalentemente nella descrizione della realtà europea davanti alle autorità giurisdizionali di Lussemburgo, attraverso continui riferimenti a pronunce giurisprudenziali. La candidata si sofferma, preliminarmente, definendo, in termini generali, l'origine e l'applicazione dei c.d. atti di soft law in ambito europeo e soffermandosi sul ruolo che ricopre la giurisprudenza nell'ordinamento europeo. Sempre nel capitolo di apertura, un accenno è dedicato al panorama italiano che, alla luce delle recenti e continue riforme processuali ed, in particolare, della lettura costituzionalmente orientata del processo civile in forza della sua ragionevole durata, sta conoscendo, sempre più largamente, il fenomeno dei c.d. protocolli. La tesi si sviluppa, poi, in altri tre capitoli, nei quali sono analizzati tre esempi di manifestazione del potere normativo degli organi giurisdizionali europei sul processo. La candidata passa, così, all'esame delle "Istruzioni pratiche alle parti", sviscerando le disposizioni ivi contenute alla luce di casi giurisprudenziali, al fine di poter definire la reale efficacia di tali atti e la loro vincolatività nei confronti dei rappresentanti delle parti. A tale capitolo segue quello sull'applicazione del rinvio pregiudiziale tra soft law (c.d. Raccomandazioni) e giurisprudenza. Infine, la candidata svolge le ultime riflessioni sul potere "eccezionale" della Corte di giustizia di limitare nel tempo gli effetti delle proprie sentenze interpretative. Potere che, in questo caso, si manifesta non mediante l'emanazione di atti di soft law, ma attraverso le proprie pronunce giurisprudenziali. ; The thesis aims to reflect on the power of the courts to provide normatively on some aspects of the proceedings that take place before them, thus replacing the legislator. The investigation plan of the thesis is developed considering the European situation before the courts of Luxembourg, through continuous references to cases law. The candidate focuses, firstly, defining, in general terms, origin and application of so-called soft law acts in Europe and focusing on the role of jurisprudence in the European system. In the first chapter, a hint is dedicated to the Italian overview, in the light of recent reforms of civil proceedings and with particular reference to the phenomenon of so-called "protocols". The thesis is then developed in three other chapters, in which the candidate analyzes three examples of the manifestation of normative power of the European Courts on the proceedings. The candidate examines the "Practice Directions to parties": identifying the provisions contained in the light of cases law, in order to define the real effectiveness of these acts and their binding against parties' representatives. The third chapter is about preliminary ruling procedure between soft law (so-called "Recommendation to national courts and tribunals in relation to the initiation of preliminary ruling proceedings) and jurisprudence. In the end, the candidate plays the latest reflections on "exceptional" power of the Court of Justice of the European Union to limit the temporal effects of its interpretative judgments. Power which, in this case, is manifested not through the enactment of soft law acts, but through its case law.

Il tema relativo al potere di esternazione del Presidente di Assemblea parlamentare rappresenta un aspetto problematico del diritto costituzionale a causa delle sue diverse implicazioni nonché delle numerose intersezioni tra dato costituzionale e legislativo, dottrina e prassi configurando, dunque, un ambito di ricerca di indubbia rilevanza e attualità all'interno del dibattito costituzionalistico.È chiaro che l'analisi di tale problematica necessita dell'assunzione di un punto di vista che non potrà essere strettamente tecnico-giuridica, ma che necessariamente dovrà confrontarsi con elementi della prassi politico-costituzionale. ; The issue related to the power of externalization of the Assembly's President represents a problematic aspect of constitutional law due to its different implications and the numerous intersections between constitutional and legislative fact as well, and also doctrine and praxis configuring, so, it is an environment of research made by an undoubtful relevance and actuality of the internal constitutionalist debate. It's clear that the analysis about this statement needs the assuming of a point of view which won't can be just strictly technical -juridical but also and necessarily will have to relate with the elements of the political-constitutional praxis.