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The social dynamics in post-conflict Ambon, Maluku, 1999-2004, indicated that even though people were segregated in the Islamic-Christian areas, gradually social integration began to occur naturally. The process of integration that occurred also gave birth to new values and inclusive views that give hope to future peace building. Using the theory of social integration of dynamic adaptation of the Parsonian structural-functional classic paradigm and combined with a qualitative research model, this study successfully formulated several important findings. First, social integration occurred in the city of Ambon could run naturally through economic interactions, consensus on political balance and inclusive religious spirit. In addition, the presence of public spaces such as offices, schools, malls and coffee shops served as a natural integration medium that is increasingly important in the dynamics of the society. Second, the new social integration has created an increasingly important meaning that leads to a model of active harmony characterized by a process of the increasingly active social interaction between different religions, as well as strengthening pluralism and multiculturalism insight due to campaign by educational institutions and civil society groups. Third, this study also reminds us that although there has been a process of the increasingly positive social integration in Ambon city, people still need to be aware of the growth of radical religious ideologies at a certain level, and also of strengthening identity politics in the long run that will potentially give birth to primordial and ethnocentric attitudes that are harmful to the development of peace.

AbstractSocial integration is one of the most urgent issues in Western countries, where cultural diversity has been recognized to make social unity danger. In the past, social integration used to be tackled by multiculturalism, which was an effort to recognize cultural diversity as a positive aspect of society. However, multiculturalism is losing the moral support of society because multiculturalism itself could not be a social glue among different people; rather it is thought to make society unstable. Thus, a new philosophy and policy is required to manage the issues of social integration in a globalized social environment. In order to create social integration, on one hand, people with different backgrounds need to share the same concept of society. On the other hand, people have to become accustomed to cultural diversity. However, this is not easily accomplished because both measures for social integration seem to be politically contradictory and incompatible. How, and by what reasons, could these two conditions of social integration be satisfied? To answer this question, this paper scrutinizes the changes in social integration policy in post‐war Britain. I divide social integration policy in Britain into three stages focusing on the relationship between social unity and cultural diversity: from after World War II to 1979; Thatcher's and Major's Conservative Governments; and Blair's new Labour Government. The social integration policy and philosophy of the new Labour Government in particular is important because it represents post‐multiculturalism discourse for social integration. The Labour Government tried to establish social integration by introducing an abstract common identity, which both the majority and minority groups could accept and which is compatible with various cultural or religious conventions and teaching, as it were, citizenship and Britishness, as a set of liberal values. Although the Labour Government's policy itself was controversial, it is giving us a reference point for the debate on social integration in a post‐multicultural era.

Suggests that the pursuit of social integration is likely to remain a matter for national and sub-national settings, but the international community can help establish a supportive atmosphere. The moves in the last few years to reassess the impacts of globalisation create space for new ideas and proposals, making a serious pursuit of the goals of the Social Summit a much more credible venture than at the time of their utterance in 1995. (Original abstract - amended)

Although the pursuit of social integration is likely to remain largely a matter for national & subnational settings, the international community can help establish a supportive atmosphere. Recent moves to reassess the impacts of globalization create space for new ideas & proposals, making a serious pursuit of the goals of the Copenhagen (Denmark) Social Summit a much more credible venture than at the time of their adoption in 1995. 1 Photograph, 9 References. Adapted from the source document.

Traditional concepts of the soc problem of leisure as affected by labor mention Engels' hypothesis of alienation from work as causing `alienation from life' & de Tocqueville's thesis that mass society causes trivial, boring, uncreative leisure. A wealth of US data on job satisfaction is available for reexamination. Concentration should be given to comparative analysis, relating the smaller units to their larger soc contexts, & utilizing the time dimension. The connections between work role, career pattern, & style of life in the Ur community are seen in the examination of the Mc's, where SC no longer predicts much behavior. Variations in work situation & the individual's 'mobility experience' show that careers are 'a major source of stability for modern society.' Style of life is related to career through mobility, eg, the 'shallow roots' or the Org Man. In the 'non-mobile masses' the use of occup as a 'status-winning device' is disappearing, resulting in work as no longer being a 'central life interest'. The search for substitute sources of identity can lead to 'meaningful participation' in voluntary associations or to a 'take-it-easy' attitude of de Tocqueville's apathetic masses. P. D. Montagna.