La filosofia moral y politica de John Rawls

In: Estudios políticos: revista de ciencia política, Heft 11, S. 47-72

Abstract

An analysis of John Rawls's A Theory of Justice (1971) is organized according to the book's sections on theory, institutions, & conclusions, & promotes the book as one of the most influential forces on 20th-century moral & political philosophy. Rawls's theory of justice as fairness is portrayed as an amalgamation of ideas on the individual's social contract by John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, & Immanuel Kant. Rawls's criteria for socially just institutions are delineated, all emphasizing the assurance of equal participation & the principle of Kantian autonomy for the individual. It is pointed out how such concepts of individuality can be misconstrued into right-wing political ideologies. The power of the autonomous individual within a collective is exemplified in organized forms of civil disobedience & conscientious objection. Rawls's conclusions present impartiality as the most necessary component of justice. Adapted from the source document.