Suchergebnisse

Purpose: To investigate concussion education implementation methods in NCAA member institutions. Methods: Of the 1,078 athletic trainers across all NCAA Divisions that were contacted, 355 were included in this study. Participants were asked to complete the Current Concussion Education Practices Questionnaire (CCEPQ). The CCEPQ consisted of four sections: demographics, concussion education questionnaire, perceived effectiveness of concussion education, and limitations/barrier to providing concussion education. Outcome frequencies were used to report survey results. Respondent division-level categorical differences across survey items were assessed with a 2X3 chi-square test of independence. Results: Providing concussion education occurs in 98.9% of NCAA member institutions. Educating student athletes on concussion annually occurs in 85.1% of NCAA member institutions. Among those institutions who provide concussion education, 5.1% report only providing concussion education to contact/collision sports. Utilization of the NCAA concussion facts sheet, and NCAA concussion education video occurs in 50.1% of NCAA member institutions. Only 70.7% of NCAA member institutions report providing information on the long-term consequences. Educating one team (65.4%) or multiple teams (46.8%) at a time regarding concussion had the greatest outcome frequencies when asked about the environment concussion education is provided. Conclusions: The majority of NCAA member institutions are providing concussion education to student-athletes. However, adherence to the NCAA Concussion Education Policy and Legislation appears to still be a concerning issue. Substantial heterogeneity with content and delivery method of concussion education among member institutions was not unexpected, due to the limited requirements and guidelines set by the NCAA Concussion Education Policy. NCAA member institutions whom provide concussion education appear to use material created by the NCAA. Future research should evaluate the current concussion education practices reviled in the present study for effectiveness. After evaluation of current concussion education practices, the creation of improved concussion education policies can commence.

IV Encuentro Oceanografía Física Española, celebrado del 20 al 22 de julio de 2016 en Alicante,España.-- 1 page, 1 figure ; Maps of velocity vectors and streamlines, calculated after integration from some reference contour, can be very useful to illustrate the gross characteristics of the changing velocities. Nevertheless, they are only snapshots of the velocity field that cannot be used to directly infer exchange between different oceanic regions. In order to do so, we must use of a Lagrangian approach, where we actually track water parcels as they move under the influence of the spatially and temporally changing velocity fields. Here we present a simple model that integrates monthly velocity fields in time, either forward or backward, in order to track the origin or fate of water parcels. In our case, the velocity fields are inferred from the positions of Argo floats. We illustrate the model by examining the recirculation of intermediate waters in the southern South Atlantic Ocean. The model allows us tracking whether and how the water parcels at these intermediate depths recirculate zonally or drift meridionally. In this application, we carefully explore the important role of the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence and the Agulhas Leakage. We estimate that most of the intermediate waters recirculate across the ocean in time periods between about 15 and 30 years, eventually meeting at the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence region. Our results show no water transfer from the Indian Ocean, i.e. they show no Agulhas Leakage, although this may be an artefact caused by the absence of rings in the mean fields. A remarkable feature is the presence of a meridionally pulsating behaviour in the transoceanic trajectories, best visible in an accompanying video ; This research has been supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of the Spanish Government through project VA-DE-RETRO (CTM2014-56987-P) ; Peer Reviewed

"Across Africa, a burgeoning middle class has become the poster child for the 'Africa rising' narrative. Ambitious, aspirational and increasingly affluent, this group is said to embody the values and hopes of the new Africa, with international bodies ranging from the United Nations Development Programme to the World Bank regarding them as important agents of both economic development and democratic change. This narrative, however, obscures the complex and often ambiguous role that this group actually plays in African societies. Bringing together economists, political scientists, anthropologists and development experts, and spanning a variety of case studies from across the continent, this collection provides a much-needed corrective to the received wisdom within development circles, and provides a fresh perspective on social transformations in contemporary Africa." ; CONTENTS: 'Somewhere above Poor but below Rich': Explorations into the Species of the African Middle Class(es) / Henning Melber -- 1. African Middle Classes: Lessons from Transnational Studies and a Research Agenda / Carola Lentz -- 2. Human Development and the Construction of Middle Classes in the Global South / Tim Stoffel -- 3. Africa's Middle Class, Africa's Entrepreneurs and the 'Missing Middle' / Oluyele Akinkugbe and Karl Wohlmuth -- 4. Deconstructing the Myth of the African Middle Class / Sirkku K. Hellsten -- 5. Kenya – An Unconscious Middle Class? Between Regional-Ethnic Political Mobilisation and Middle Class Lifestyles / Dieter Neubert -- 6. Middle Class Activism in Nigeria: From Nationalist Struggle to Social Media Campaign / Nkwachukwu Orji -- 7. Emerging Middle Class Political Subjectivities in Post-war Angola / Jon Schubert -- 8. The Middle Class of Mozambique and the Politics of the Blank Slate / Jason Sumich -- 9. South Africa's Black Middle Class Professionals / Amuzweni L. Ngoma -- 10. The Middle Class of Dar es Salaam and Kiswahili Video-Films / Vicensia Shule -- Conclusion: How Much Class Have the African Middle Classes? / Henning Melber

As Internet technology has advanced, consumers have increasingly opted to view video content on their computer, tablet, and smartphone screens instead of their television screens. In American Broadcasting Cos. v. Aereo, Inc. ("Aereo III"), decided in 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected one of the more creative methods of delivering content via the Internet, closing a legal loophole by ruling that a company could not escape copyright liability by characterizing its retransmission of content as simply providing the consumer with equipment. Although the ruling definitively answered one question that had been subject to debate, the battle over Internet broadcasting has simply moved to another arena. The decision has led Aereo and similar companies to argue that they should be allowed to take advantage of the compulsory licensing scheme available to "cable systems" under Section 111 of the Copyright Act. The result of this new debate could have far-reaching effects on how consumers can access television content and on how the courts will interpret the Copyright Act in the future. This Note examines the decisions made in the wake of Aereo III that have addressed the application of Section 111 and, in particular, contrasts the reasoning of Fox v. Aereokiller, in which the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California held that Internet rebroadcasting services are eligible for a compulsory license under Section 111, with the reasoning of courts that have come to the opposite conclusion. This Note argues that both the text of Section 111 and its legislative history demonstrate that Internet rebroadcasting services fall under the statutory definition of "cable system." It further argues that granting access to the compulsory licensing scheme would accomplish the important policy goal of increasing competition in the marketplace.

Virtual environments have gained in importance in many aspects of the world we live in today. Immersive virtual worlds are ubiquitous in modern movies, video games, and online communities. They are also important in non-entertainment applications such as training and education software, simulations of mass events, evacuation scenarios, human factor analysis, and urban city planning. Training and education software itself comprises various application areas, ranging from teaching children with the help of virtual characters, to training policemen and firefighters, or training soldiers in virtual environments for military operations. Other applications are online mapping services such as Open Street Map, Google Street View, or Mapillary. A key aspect of creating an immersive virtual world is the development of algorithms that handle the navigation of its virtual inhabitants. This involves the creation of believable paths that are smooth, do not contain unnecessary detours, keep clearance from obstacles, respect terrain and region information, and avoid collisions with other moving entities. Furthermore, it involves the coordination of large virtual crowds in both sparse and dense situations, and the generation of social behavior among virtual groups. State-of-the-art algorithms and crowd-simulation models struggle with such tasks, and consequently, the range of possible character behaviors is still limited up to the present day. This thesis focuses on three computational tasks, with which state-of-the-art algorithms still struggle: Region-based path planning, region-based path following, and coordinating dense virtual crowds and social groups. We show why these tasks are difficult to solve with existing algorithms when using grids or graph-based representations of the traversable space in a virtual environment. Furthermore, we show that these tasks can be solved efficiently on a surface-based representation when using novel methods. These novel methods on region-based planning and coordinating crowds and social ...

This research studies the activist audiovisual of social and political intervention field, deepening the emergence of video activism 2.0. We refer to a number of alternative and political audiovisual works, of denunciation and resistance, leveraging the accessibility, ease, immediacy and versatility offered by current technologies (audiovisual, computers, telematics and communication) and new global digital scenarios of the web 2.0. Performances where the old and the new, the past and the present, clearly converge. For the purposes of accounting for our research objective, we proceeded to conduct a theoretical and descriptive study. We did a systematization of research on audiovisual activism. Here we identify goals, tactics and strategies to characterize and differentiate them according to their experimental, aesthetic, critical and political aspects. The study results allowed us to elucidate what is old in the new and what is new in the new, that is, specify the characteristics and specificities of current audiovisual works and their similarities and differences about their background. ; El presente artículo busca caracterizar el campo del audiovisual activista de intervención social y política, y en particular las actuales prácticas de activismo audiovisual 2.0. Nos referimos a una serie de prácticas audiovisuales alternativas, políticas, de denuncia y resistencia, que aprovechan ahora la accesibilidad, facilidad, inmediatez y versatilidad que ofrecen las tecnologías actuales (audiovisuales, informáticas, telemáticas y comunicacionales) y los nuevos escenarios digitales globales de la web 2.0 para desplegar su capacidad de acción e intervención (tecno)política. Prácticas en donde lo viejo y lo nuevo, el pasado y el presente, claramente convergen. Metodológicamente se procedió a la realización de un estudio teórico y descriptivo, con el objetivo de analizar estas prácticas, para entender cuáles son sus características y especificidades (experimentales, estéticas, críticas, narrativas, tecnológicas y políticas), cuáles sus potencialidades y posibilidades de intervención social y política, sus desarrollos actuales y sus similitudes y diferencias respecto de sus antecedentes.

The advent of new media has completely revolutionalised journalism in the world and particularly in Kenya, with regard to sourcing dissemination and consumption of information is concerned. This is pegged on the advancement in technology through the internet that enables journalist and bloggers to publish, share news and events as well as receive feedback from the public. This scenario has changed the media landscape in Kenya in the recent years. The emergence of citizen media has been enabled by technologies such as mobile phones, blogs, micro-bloggers and video sharing platforms. Blogs have become authoritative channel through which people share ideas, news, advice and analyses on different happenings in the society. The practice has recently turned out to be journalistic, with a good number of bloggers running authoritative and influential blogs, where thousands of people flock for information. Kenya has the highest number of active bloggers in Africa and in the world. This study aims to establish roles of bloggers in responsible journalism in Kenya. The study was guided by the following questions: (i) Are bloggers journalists? (ii) What roles do bloggers play in journalism? (iii) Are bloggers aware of journalistic ethics? (iv) What roles do bloggers play in responsible journalism? The paper used descriptive survey design. Data was collected through in-depth individual interviews and focused group discussion interviews with selected mainstream journalist and bloggers, as well as a review of existing body of knowledge. The paper sampled 30 journalists from two national media houses in Kenya, namely Standard Group and media max group. 30 bloggers were also using snow ball sampling techniques. The findings reveal that few journalists were bloggers while many bloggers who were amateurs. Further, results show that amateur journalists who were bloggers did not know the journalistic code of ethics mostly because they lacked journalistic training. The findings were used to make recommendations to the government to ...

Protected species are the focus of many radiological environmental assessments. However, the lack of radioecological data for many protected species presents a significant international challenge. Furthermore, there are legislative restrictions on destructive sampling of protected species to obtain such data. Where data are not available, extrapolations are often made from 'similar' species but there has been little attempt to validate this approach. In this paper we present what, to our knowledge, is the first study purposefully designed to test the hypothesis that radioecological data for unprotected species can be used to estimate conservative radioecolgical parameters for protected species; conservatism being necessary to ensure that there is no significant impact. The study was conducted in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Consequently, we are able to present data for Pu isotopes in terrestrial wildlife. There has been limited research on Pu transfer to terrestrial wildlife which contrasts with the need to assess radiation exposure of wildlife to Pu isotopes around many nuclear facilities internationally. Our results provide overall support for the hypothesis that data for unprotected species can be used to adequately assess the impacts for ionising radiation on protected species. This is demonstrated for a range of mammalian and avian species. However, we identify one case, the shrew, for which data from other ground-dwelling small mammals would not lead to an appropriately conservative assessment of radiation impact. This indicates the need to further test our hypothesis across a range of species and ecosystems, and/or ensure adequate conservatism within assessments. The data presented are of value to those trying to more accurately estimate the radiation dose to wildlife in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, helping to reduce the considerable uncertainty in studies reporting dose-effect relationships for wildlife. A video abstract for this paper is available from: http://bit.ly/1JesKPc.

The exhibition Caméra(Auto)Contrôle is the core of the 50JPG—50 Days for Photography in Geneva 2016. It takes us right into the burning issue of drones and all other monitoring systems that use photo and video cameras. We can indeed "celebrate" a quarter of century of the monitoring of public space by automated cameras worldwide. These cameras quite often bear a sticker with a smiley asking those being recorded, whether in a car park, at a supermarket check-out, or on public transport, to smile. A number of artists, hackers and political activists have refused to smile, instead appropriating these surveillance devices momentarily. Their actions have remained isolated, because never before has a grassroot movement fought against the increasingly invasive presence of depersonalised cameras in public spaces. It has also been a quarter of a century in which street photographers, both amateur and professional, have met with hostility, or even aggression from citizens, the same citizens [.] ANNELORE SCHNEIDER & CLAUDE PIGUET / G.R.A.M. / WILLIAM ANASTASI / LUC ANDRIÉ / JACOB APPELBAUM / GIACOMO BIANCHETTI / VIKTORIA BINSCHTOK / !MEDIENGRUPPE BITNIK / JAMES BRIDLE / JOÃO CASTILHO / KURT CAVIEZEL / JEAN-MARC CHAPOULIE / GAËLLE CINTRÉ / PAOLO CIRIO / EDMUND CLARK / NICOLAS CRISPINI / HEATHER DEWEY-HARBORG / JIMMIE DURHAM / LÉA FARIN / HARUN FAROCKI / ENRIQUE FONTANILLES / GUILLAUME DÉSANGES / MICHEL FRANÇOIS / DAN GRAHAM / HERVÉ GRAUMANN / VINCENT EMMANUEL GUITTER / GARY HILL / ANN HIRSCH / LUCIEN CASTAING-TAYLOR / VÉRÉNA PARAVEL / ERNST KAREL / MATTHEW KENYON / JOAKIM KOCJANCIC / CLÉMENT LAMBELET / LYNN HERSHMAN LEESON / JÉRÔME LEUBA / ARMIN LINKE / FRED LONIDIER / RAFAEL LOZANO-HEMMER / JILL MAGID / RUBENS MANO / JOSEP MARIA MARTÍN / ADRIEN MISSIKA / GIANNI MOTTI / WARREN NEIDICH / CHRISTOF NÜSSLI ET CHRISTOPH OESCHGER / WILLEM POPELIER / JULIEN PRÉVIEUX / CATHERINE RADOSA / SÉBASTIEN REUZÉ / FRANCK VIGROUX / GREGORY ROBIN / JENNY ROVA / JULIA SCHER / MANUEL SCHMALSTIEG / SEAN SNYDER / JULES SPINATSCH / JONAS STAAL / JEMIMA STEHLI / VANGELIS VLAHOS / STÉPHANE DEGOUTIN & GWENOLA WAGON / JAN HOFER & SEVERIN ZAUGG Work exhibited by Edmund Clark: An installation of 'Control Order House'

This dissertation concerns the musical production of relational identity narratives among people of the Jola ethnic group in the West African countries of Senegal and The Gambia. I argue that Jola music-makers deliberately create "audiotopic" spaces in which seemingly contradictory referents can be brought together and negotiated: the past and the present, the local and the global, the Self and the Other. In this way, Jola music is a social practice and self-reflexive discourse through which Jolas position themselves in relation to neighboring ethnic groups and an ongoing war of national secession, as well as broader narratives of the Black Atlantic and global citizenship. Despite their location in ostensibly isolated rural villages, Jolas experience themselves through the ethos of Afropolitanism, in which rootedness in a particular identity is also the means of transcending it. Whereas existing research too often characterizes African identities either as ancient and immutable or as politically contingent articulations of difference, my research instead emphasizes that Jolas make musical gestures of both difference and association, and that their ethnic identity is maintained through both strategic political positioning and a substantive system of longstanding cultural meanings and practices. Jola music is deeply participatory, inherently social, and associated with positive valences of tradition and heritage, qualities that allow the potentially contradictory array of local and global influences at play in Jola music culture to be molded into coherent self-conceptions. I explore these ideas through chapters focusing on a Jola stringed instrument called ekonting, a women's festival called alamaan, and the presence of Jola sounds in syncretic popular music in Senegal and beyond. This project is based on twelve months of ethnographic fieldwork conducted over a span of six years in Senegal, The Gambia, and the United States, comprising participant observation, audio and video recordings, and interviews conducted in English, French, Wolof, and Jola.

Protected species are the focus of many radiological environmental assessments. However, the lack of radioecological data for many protected species presents a significant international challenge. Furthermore, there are legislative restrictions on destructive sampling of protected species to obtain such data. Where data are not available, extrapolations are often made from 'similar' species but there has been little attempt to validate this approach. In this paper we present what, to our knowledge, is the first study purposefully designed to test the hypothesis that radioecological data for unprotected species can be used to estimate conservative radioecolgical parameters for protected species; conservatism being necessary to ensure that there is no significant impact. The study was conducted in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Consequently, we are able to present data for Pu isotopes in terrestrial wildlife. There has been limited research on Pu transfer to terrestrial wildlife which contrasts with the need to assess radiation exposure of wildlife to Pu isotopes around many nuclear facilities internationally. Our results provide overall support for the hypothesis that data for unprotected species can be used to adequately assess the impacts for ionising radiation on protected species. This is demonstrated for a range of mammalian and avian species. However, we identify one case, the shrew, for which data from other ground-dwelling small mammals would not lead to an appropriately conservative assessment of radiation impact. This indicates the need to further test our hypothesis across a range of species and ecosystems, and/or ensure adequate conservatism within assessments. The data presented are of value to those trying to more accurately estimate the radiation dose to wildlife in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, helping to reduce the considerable uncertainty in studies reporting dose-effect relationships for wildlife. A video abstract for this paper is available here .

In modern economic conditions, managerial decisions of managers of enterprises in the media industry and their structural subdivisions are taken at risk. Risk parameters are reduced if the guidance is based on prior experience and market information. Rapid changes in the marketing environment of the enterprise reduce the value of previous experience, which complicates forecasting and increases the risk of making managerial decisions.In modern conditions there are different approaches to the interpretation of the concept of 'media'. In our opinion, the media is a set of information tools and techniques for transmitting to a particular consumer the message (print word, musical composition, schedule, etc.) in one form or another. As a rule, the term 'media' is used not independently, but as part of a more complex word, which is its partial version. One of them is the media business. The conducted analytical review of literary sources has shown that the cluster of media industry forms the enterprises of newspaper and magazine business, book publishing; television, radio, film and video production; the recording industry; production of online content and computer games; database creation.The authors of an article have identified and summarized the current problems of information support of media industry enterprise specialists, based on analysis of the articles of the current regulatory legislation and the current state of the media industry. The main reasons for the lack of relevant information for an economic and statistical analysis of both individual companies and the industry as a whole have been identified. The main problem is that the media industry is not a solid object of statistical studies of national statistics. A large number of informal segments of media products, the opacity of the industry in general, deepens it. Separately, the authors examined the question of the need to develop and expand the concept-categorical instrument of research methodology of media business, terminological clarification of ...

Indian education system, the second largest system in the world, is at the crossroad now. Since the pre-Independence period the system has been facing various challenges, which has not finished yet. After six decades of freedom India could not free its education from narrow political interference. Though it has progressed a lot, still a lot of problems are standing on the way of universalization of primary education. Higher education is also under the control of political bosses, many of whom have not crossed the boundary of college. This has aggravated the quality of education. Globalization has engulfed the students astoundingly. Easily available mobile phones, internet, computer and western music, fashion etc. have created immeasurable losses to millions of students. Mass-copying in examination halls, movements in the campuses, slapping and abusing the teachers, confining the principals and vice-chancellors for more than fifty hours, manhandling them in their offices and campuses, ransacking college and university properties, processions and shouting slogans in the campuses have become common phenomena. Watching video clips, chatting on phones during and off periods have become fashion. Smoking, drinking and enjoying the campus life through other means have been a trend in most of the Indian universities. Discipline and mutual respected have been vanished from the campuses. This prompted this researcher to find out the nature and extent of problems and finding the ways out for making India one of the best and developed countries in the world.The study is mainly historical and partly empirical. It is based on the secondary source of data as well as primary. It has been found that globalization and political interference and party-influenced student politics are the main causes of deterioration of the Indian education system. But the challenges posed by globalization and narrow politics could be aptly and efficiently handled by only morally sound, spiritually upright, highly educated, honest and truly good ...

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe conceptions of feasibility of a haptic navigation system for persons with a visual impairment (VI).


Design/methodology/approach
– Six persons with a VI who were white cane users were tasked with traversing a predetermined route in a corridor environment using the haptic navigation system. To see whether white cane experience translated to using the system, the participants received no prior training. The procedures were video-recorded, and the participants were interviewed about their conceptions of using the system. The interviews were analyzed using content analysis, where inductively generated codes that emerged from the data were clustered together and formulated into categories.


Findings
– The participants quickly figured out how to use the system, and soon adopted their own usage technique. Despite this, locating objects was difficult. The interviews highlighted the desire to be able to feel at a distance, with several scenarios presented to illustrate current problems. The participants noted that their previous white cane experience helped, but that it nevertheless would take a lot of practice to master using this system. The potential for the device to increase security in unfamiliar environments was mentioned. Practical problems with the prototype were also discussed, notably the lack of auditory feedback.


Originality/value
– One novel aspect of this field trial is the way it was carried out. Prior training was intentionally not provided, which means that the findings reflect immediate user experiences. The findings confirm the value of being able to perceive things beyond the range of the white cane; at the same time, the participants expressed concerns about that ability. Another key feature is that the prototype should be seen as a navigation aid rather than an obstacle avoidance device, despite the interaction similarities with the white cane. As such, the intent is not to replace the white cane as a primary means of detecting obstacles.

Purpose. Screening rates for colorectal cancer (CRC) lag for low-income, minority populations, contributing to poorer survival rates. A model of storytelling as culture-centric health promotion was tested for promoting CRC screening. Design. A two-group parallel randomized controlled trial. Setting. Primary care, safety-net clinics. Subjects. Low-income patients due for CRC screening, ages 50 to 75 years, speaking English or Spanish. Intervention. Patients were exposed to either a video created from personal stories composited into a drama about "Papa" receiving CRC screening, or an instrument estimating level of personal cancer risk. Patients received a health care provider referral for CRC screening and were followed up for 3 months to document adherence. Measures. Behavioral factors related to the narrative model (identification and engagement) and theory of planned behavior. Analysis. Main effects of the interventions on screening were tested, controlling for attrition factors, and demographic factor associations were assessed. Path analysis with model variables was used to test the direct effects and multiple mediator models. Results. Main effects on CRC screening (roughly half stool-based tests, half colonoscopy) did not indicate significant differences (37% and 42% screened for storytelling and risk-based messages, respectively; n = 539; 33.6% male; 62 % Hispanic). Factors positively associated with CRC screening included being female, Hispanic, married or living with a partner, speaking Spanish, having a primary care provider, lower income, and no health insurance. Engagement, working through positive attitudes toward the behavior, predicted CRC screening. Conclusion. A storytelling and a personalized risk-tool intervention achieved similar levels of screening among unscreened/underscreened, low-income patients. Factors usually associated with lower rates of screening (e.g., no insurance, being Hispanic) were related to more adherence. Both interventions' engagement factor facilitated positive attitudes about CRC screening associated with behavior change.