Suchergebnisse

This book is an in-depth study of one of the most important agreements in the recent history of EU-developing world relations: the Lomé convention--the principles upon which all relations between the states of the European Union and ACP (African, Caribbean and Pacific) countries are based. Over the course of its 25-year life, the Convention has been altered to suit the changing relationship of those states involved. This historical study not only charts the course of that vital relationship between haves and have-nots but also, in its changing focus and shifting concerns, reflects recent broad

"Public services or more precisely, to use the EU's terminology, services of general economic interest have traditionally played a vital role in the normal functioning of the society in the Member States. Yet, their equity or non-economic components have often caused tensions with the internal market components, such as the free movement of production factors, competition and economic efficiency. To put it simply, their place within the internal market has been for a long time a persistent irritant in the European public debate. However, the situation has changed over time, in particular after the Lisbon Treaty which introduced the "new context" which seems to be more friendly to services of general economic interest than ever before. In this regard it is worth noting that, given the place occupied by services of general economic interest in the shared values of the EU as well as their role in promoting social and territorial cohesion, the EU and the Member States, each within their respective powers and within the scope of application of the Treaties, must take care that such services operate on the basis of principles and conditions, particularly economic and financial conditions, which enable them to fulfil their missions. It is a kind of joint responsibility for the effective provision of services of general economic interest which indicates that also the EU institutions must accept them as a building block of the European (market) integration process. In fact, the recent case law seems to support this thesis. The Post-Lisbon state of play in the discussed field is in the center of the book but for practical reasons it also offers a broader view to a reader. The book consists of the three interrelated chapters which relate in one way or another to services of general economic interest and corresponding supranational legal framework. The latter is par excellence topic of the EU (law). The introductory chapter is designed as the EU law toolkit which explains the values and aims of the EU, its competences and institutional structure, the fundamental legal principles and concepts which are of particular importance for services of general economic interest. This is followed by the second chapter, which sets the scene by explaining the socio-political background at the both levels, national and supranational. In addition, the second chapter discusses the concept of services of general economic interest and related concepts. The third chapter is the very core ...

The book tackles a key issue for the European Union: Fiscal Federalism. It evaluates the applicability of this theoretical perspective for the EU. Conversely, it pinpoints ways in which the diversity of existing fiscal settings and organisations, both at national and European levels, can throw light on the theory. The study analyses two of the most important European policies: Cohesion Policy and the Stability and Growth Pact. It compares the episode of German Unification to the 2004 European Enlargement. It pioneers a cross-country analysis of the various national fiscal settings. Finally, it highlights the close links between the dynamics of decision-making related to the main budgetary choices and the integration process. The questions raised are crucial in the current context of economic and institutional uncertainty: How should we apprehend the Cohesion Policy, the main expression of European solidarity? How can the coordination of national fiscal policies be improved? How are European countries and their regions organised in fiscal and budgetary terms? What lessons can the EU draw from its own fiscal past and from that of its Member States? Over and above the originality of the answers provided by the authors, the book suggests that it would be difficult to take the integration process further without first clarifying what Europe can, should or wants to do. Contents: Relationship between levels of government, budget, fiscal systems – Critics and presentation of the traditional theory of Fiscal Federalism (M-O-T) – Cohesion Policy – National and European fiscal policies (stabilisation) – Comparison between 2004 European enlargement and German Unification – Positive and normative analysis of European Fiscal Federalism, of EU fiscal-related problems and the likely evolution of the EU fiscal setting – Statistical study of the fiscal systems and of intergovernmental relationships in the EU and its 25 Member States – EU - the way forward in the current context.

The EU and global emergencies : competence and instruments / Marise Cremona -- Conflicts of competence in responding to global emergencies / Alan Dashwood -- Constitutional limits to delegated powers / Robert Schütze -- The European Union and peaceful settlement of disputes in its neighbourhood : the emergence of a new regional security actor? / Steven Blockmans and Ramses A. Wessel -- Counter-terrorism and fundamental rights : judicial challenges and legislative changes after the rulings in Kadi and PMOI / Eleanor Spaventa -- The EU and energy security : a critical review of the legal issues / Peter D. Cameron -- The international financial crisis, global financial governance and the European Union / Jan Wouters, Steven Sterkx and Tim Corthaut -- Debt crisis as a global emergency : the European economic constitution and other Greek fables / Antonis Antoniadis -- Securing safety, controlling crises : development and misapplication of food law in the European Union / Caoimhin MacMaolain -- Food safety at the WTO after Continued Suspension : a paradigm shift? / Alessandra Arcuri -- The EU and human trafficking : framing a regional response to a global emergency / Holly Cullen -- Common security and defence policy crisis management missions : an effective tool for EU response to emergencies / Gilles Marhic -- The constitutional apparatus of the European Union : the perspective of the European Commission / Eric White -- The European Parliament and EU external aid : measures of response to emergency situations / Daniela Gauci.

Table of Contents; List of Tables; List of Figures; Introduction; Chapter One; Chapter Two; Chapter Three; Chapter Four; Chapter Five; Chapter Six; Chapter Seven; Chapter Eight; Chapter Nine; Chapter Ten; Chapter Eleven; Chapter Twelve; Chapter Thirteen; Chapter Fourteen; Chapter Fifteen; Chapter Sixteen; List of Abbreviations and Acronyms; Bibliography; Contributors; Index

Traditionally European law is important for public law. However, it is also increasingly important for private law, that is to say, the legal relationships between individuals. European Law and National Private Law addresses and analyses the various sources of European law in (hierarchical) order, namely the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, the general principles of EU law, EU Directives and EU Regulations, as well as the influence of fundamental rights (both the ECHR and the EU Charter) on private law. The nature of each source of law and its significance for and influence on the general part of national private law is discussed. Particular attention is devoted to the review of national private law legislation in the light of European legislation that has direct effect, direct and indirect effect of European law on legal relationships between individuals, ex officio application of European law by the national courts, and interpretation issues arising as a result of the interaction between European law and national law. Further, comparisons are drawn between the different sources of law. The book then concludes with a detailed overview of European Directives that are of particular relevance for general private law. European Law and National Private Law provides a concise introduction to the influence of EU law and the ECHR on legal relationships between individuals - a must read for every lawyer

The discussion of the "future of Europe" has become the European Union's lifelong companion. It has evolved in successive phases. The current one has been shaped by the 2008 financial crisis and the "great recession" which it had provoked, as well as a number of more recent developments such as those created by USA policies. The great recession caused havoc everywhere, and brought to the surface several issues which had been simmering for many years. No member state was immune to its effects, but some suffered more than others. The southern EU countries, particularly Greece, saw their financial systems shaken to the foundations: economies contracting; public debt soaring; unemployment, especially among the young, rising to historic proportions; poverty and hardships becoming the new norm for sections of their societies. The fundamental financial support provided by the European Union during the financial crises came with strings, which some saw as being too stringent, not fairly applied to all countries, and restraining the room for manoeuvring to support the most vulnerable. This led to public anger, governments were dethroned and newer, often fringe parties, came to the fore. Populism grew rapidly and Euroscepticism increased. ; peer-reviewed

Introduction. The investigations of the factors of economic development refer to the traditional economic problems. Under sustainable development concept, ecological factors of economic development of the European Union countries deserve special attention. Purpose. The aim of the article is to actualize the ecological background of economic development aspects in terms of nature business-management on the example of the Member States of the European Union. To obtain the above mentioned aim, we should settle the following tasks: to determine the ecological quality of economic development; to analyze a strategy elaborated by the Member States called "Europe - 2020" for its resource efficiency; to establish links between natural resources use and economic development; to reveal eco-environmental determinants of the economic development associated with the resource business; to estimate of ecological and economic profile of the resource culture on the cross-country level; to offer some recommendations to improve the strategy "Europe - 2020" based on ecological outcomes. Methods. The ecological factors being divided into two groups - positive and negative – are formalized and ranked from - 1 to + 1 in the article. This approach helps to compare positive and negative ecological factors of the economic development between each other. The approach has been developed especially for factorial analysis. Results. To the key eco-environmental determinants of the economic development the author refers such ones: saving of natural resources – exploitation of natural resource; environmental protection – environmental pollution; wastes utilization – wastes production; restoring forestation – deforestation; alternative energy production – energy consumption; production of environmentally friendly food – food consumption. Based on these key indicators, it is possible to estimate ecological and economic profile of the culture associated with the resource saving business for a definite country and compare it to the global situation. Originality. In the article it is proposed to divide ecological factors into two categories: factors-stimulators and factors-destimulators of economic development. Having compared these factors between each other, it is possible to make an ecological and cultural profile of economic development of the analysed countries. Conclusion. The author believes that the proposed approaches to the estimation of ecological and economic components of the European countries' development can contribute significantly to their global competitiveness. The obtained results could be used to estimate the performance of the strategy "Europe 2020".