Suchergebnisse

This research aimed at to know the policy implementation of Gender Responsive Planning and Budgeting (PPRG) on Women Empowerment and Family Planning Office of Central Sulawesi Province. The type of this research is descriptive with qualitative method. Informants research are the policy implementers in Women Empowerment and Family Planning Office of Central Sulawesi. Methods of data collection consisted of participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation and triangulation, and the technique of data analysis covers data reduction, data presentation and conclusion / verification. The main guided as theory analytic is a model of policy implementation developed by Van Metter and Van Horn which consists of aspect of measure aspect and policy objectives, resources, characteristics of the executing agency, the attitude / tendency (disposition) of the executor, the executor of communication between organizations and activities as well as the economic, social and political. The results of the research showed that the Gender Responsive Planning and Budgeting policy implementation has been executed, but not maximized yet because of the resources and characteristics of the implementer has a lack understanding of this policy, as well as communication between the organization and activities of the implementing done only when the policy is issued so make these policies become less consistent in its implementation in the field, while the size and aspect of policy objectives, attitude / tendency (disposition) of the implementers as well as the economic, social and political already running optimally.

The article analyzes five films that address the issue of gender equity made by a group of videomakers called Ojo de Agua Communication. Although this group lives in Oaxaca , the Mexican state with greater community tradition and Ojo de Agua Communication adopts its organization, working methods and topics covered, his documentaries, with one exception , show women as victims of the political system and their own cultures. We attribute this circumstance to the traditional way of making films, in which the dominant voices belong to the filmmakers narrators and the experts and not women who should be the protagonists of the film speeches. ; En el artículo se analizan cinco películas que tratan el tema de la equidad de género realizadas por un colectivo de videoastas llamado Ojo de Agua Comunicación. A pesar de que dicho colectivo radica en Oaxaca, el estado mexicano con una mayor tradición comunitaria y que Ojo de Agua Comunicación la adopta en su organización, forma de trabajar y temas que trata, sus documentales, con una sola excepción, muestran a las mujeres como víctimas del sistema político y de sus propias culturas. Atribuimos esta circunstancia a la forma tradicional de la realización de los filmes, en la que la voces dominantes pertenecen a los narradores-realizadores y a los expertos y no a las mujeres que debieron ser las protagonistas de los discursos fílmicos.

India suffers from a high maternal and infant mortality rate, especially in rural areas, where poor women do not receive effective care and one in every 22 infants die within one year of life. In 2010, Dimagi, in partnership with Catholic Relief Services (CRS), IntraHealth International, Real Medicine Foundation, and Save the Children, deployed CommCare mobile technology to help Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) improve their care for pregnant women and their newborns at the last mile in rural India. CommCare uses audio, video, imagery, short message service (SMS) texting, data and tracking forms, multiple languages, and other features to standardize ASHAs' service delivery, improve counseling techniques and patient coordination, and collect real-time data for performance monitoring. The multimedia aids enhance client engagement and assist low-literate ASHAs and their clients. Through a partnership with the Government of India and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, a CommCare-based application is being scaled across eight Indian states to strengthen the monitoring of the service delivery of anganwadi center's in the country. The CommCare mobile application is intended to replace the extensive paper registers anganwadi workers are required to maintain. The app is designed to improve the care anganwadi workers provide their communities, tracking distribution of immunizations and supplementary food, attendance of children at preschool, and the nutrition status of children up to age five.

Presentation embargoed pending a permission. Conference presentation delivered at the European Conference for Politics and Gender / ECPG , (June, 2017), in Lausanne, Switzerland. The extant literature on political representation demonstrates white men dominate political legislatures (Murray, 2014), whilst women and ethnic minorities are under-represented relative to their proportion of the population (Hughes, 2009). This pattern holds true for both the UK and Canada, although the UK House of Commons has moved closer to gender balance than Canada's, while Canada's House of Commons has moved closer to mirroring the country's ethnic composition than has the UK. This paper longitudinally explores these representational differences. The research is underpinned by an intersectional analysis exploring the multiple ways in which gender and ethnicity interact at both the party level and in the national media. We argue the specific construction of 'problematic' political identities, influenced by the interaction between racialized and gendered stereotypes, makes it especially hard for ethnic minority politicians to become elected. Although the under-representation of ethnic minority women in the UK and Canada has attracted scholarly analysis, less attention has been paid to the ways in which gender and ethnicity interact to affect the representations of male and female ethnic minority politicians. Accordingly, this paper provides a multi-year comparative overview of ethnic minority descriptive representation in the UK and Canada and analysis of party responses to address ethnic minority under-representation.

There is a large and successful literature exploiting the division and re-unification of Germany as a natural experiment for analysing the effects of political regimes on economic behaviour. This paper contributes to this literature by reassessing the role of legacy effects of socialist labour market policies for explaining the much higher female labour force participation (FLFP) in East Germany as compared to West Germany. The starting point of the analysis is the empirical pattern that FLFP was already higher in the East before German separation. Applying difference-in-differences analyses on participation rates shows that there is, if anything, only a small long-term socialist treatment effect. Apparently, there is no effect in areas that have been either rural or heavily industrialized before German separation. In line with previous research, this study finds that there is an East German mark-up for social acceptance of maternal employment. An additional and novel finding of this study is that current social acceptance of maternal employment is also driven by pre-war differences in female labour supply. This corresponds to a remarkable mark-up of married East German women in the labour market before German separation that is also descriptively shown in the paper. Overall, the results suggest that potential legacy effects of socialism on attitudes toward working women do not necessarily translate into meaningful East-West differences in terms of actual female labour force participation.

The paper concentrates on the problem of age discrimination in the labour market and the way it can be conceptualised and measured in a multi-disciplinary way. The approach proposed here combines two understandings of age discrimination—a sociological and legal one, what allows for a fuller and expanded understanding of ageism in the workplace. At the heart of the study is a survey carried out in Poland with a sample of 1000 men and women aged 45–65 years. The study takes a deeper and innovative look into the issue of age discrimination in employment. Confirmatory factor analysis with WLSMV estimation and logistic regressions were used to test the hypotheses. The study shows that age discrimination in labour market can take on different forms: hard and soft, where the hard type of age discrimination mirrors the legally prohibited types of behaviours and those which relate to the actual decisions of employers which can impact on the employee's career development. The soft discrimination corresponds with those occurrences, which are not inscribed in the legal system per se, are occurring predominantly in the interpersonal sphere, but can nevertheless have negative consequences. Soft discrimination was experienced more often (28.6% of respondents) than hard discrimination (15.7%) with higher occurrences among women, persons in precarious job situation or residents of urban areas. The role of education was not confirmed to influence the levels of perceived age discrimination.

In this paper, I seek to analyse the concept of 'female masculinity' by studying Suzanne Collins' Hunger Games series. Pro-feminist Masculinity theorists like R.W. Connell and Michael Kimmel regard masculinity as not an 'essence' that manifests itself in 'true' males but as a 'practice' that is held as quintessential to all males and hence often aggressively pursued by males in order to maintain their superior position to women and to other marginalized males. The 'practice of masculinity' thus often rewards the males with positions of authority and power. (Connell, Gender and power: Society, the person, and sexual politics, 1987). If gender is exclusive of sex, it follows that female sex is capable of practising masculine gender. Judith Halberstam advocates this possibility of female masculinity in her work by the same name. (Halberstam, 1998). She claims that female masculinity is not an imitation of male masculinity but a "glimpse of how masculinity is constructed as masculinity" (Halberstam, 1998, p. 1). She regards female masculinity to be superior to that of male masculinity as it is not depended on the process of 'othering' women. Hunger Games series which gained much popularity among adolescents and adults alike and has been lauded as an exemplary work of female freedom has also got major female characters performing acts normally associated with masculinity. This study scrutinizes whether the actions of these female characters in the series superimpose or subvert masculinity.

Summary Objective: To assess the prevalence of mammography use and factors related to non-adherence in Boa Vista, capital of Roraima, Brazil. Method: A cross sectional study, quantitative analysis, based on household survey was performed between June and August 2013, using a face-to-face interview with a pre-tested form. Target population was women between 40 and 69 years. The sample size target was 240 participants, and the sampling method was random cluster sampling. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Federal University of Roraima. Results: 241 women were included without refusals. The prevalence of non-use of mammography in the past two years was 55.6% (95CI 49.1-61.9). In univariate analysis, the risk factors for non-adherence to mammography were having low educational level, family income below three minimum wages, receiving government assistance, not having consulted with a doctor and no health insurance. In multivariate analysis, only low educational level and receiving government assistance remained as risk factors. Medical consultation or health worker visiting were protective factors. Conclusion: Adherence to mammography is unsatisfactory in Boa Vista, Roraima, and has a predominantly opportunistic character. Low educational level is confirmed as an independent risk factor, but belonging to a family that receives government assistance can be interpreted as a social marker of families and/or areas lacking of government intervention to increase access to breast cancer control programs.

Maternal and neonatal immunization (MNI) is a core component of the new immunization model in the Americas, which transitioned from immunization of children to that of the entire family. Immunization during pregnancy protects the mother and the fetus by providing the neonate with maternal antibodies against disease. It has the potential to impact early childhood morbidity and mortality, and thus MNI has gained visibility and priority on the global health agenda. The Region of the Americas is a leader in MNI, as seen by its elimination of congenital rubella syndrome in 2015 and the progress made toward neonatal tetanus elimination. In the Americas, 31 countries currently target pregnant women for influenza vaccination; and 21 countries—over 90% of the Region's birth cohort—have nationwide newborn hepatitis B vaccination. This paper describes the status of MNI in the Americas and identifies gaps in the evidence, obstacles to optimal implementation, and opportunities for future improvements. Catalysts for MNI in the Region have been political commitment, endorsement by scientific societies, an established "culture of vaccination," widespread access to antenatal care, and context-specific communications; however, universal and equitable access for pregnant women and their newborns continues to be a formidable challenge, and additional vaccine safety and effectiveness evidence is needed. Continued efforts to integrate MNI with maternal and child health services will be critical to furthering the MNI platform as well.

Smallholder farmers in Gondokoro of Central Equatoria state (now Jubek state) have failed to increase food production due to socio-economic challenges. This study was designed to identify critical factors that hinder smallholder's ability to become food sufficient and the means they used to cope with these challenges. A sample of 60 smallholder farmers were purposively (convenient) selected to participate in the study. In addition, 8 focus group discussions/interviews were conducted. Semi-structured questions were used to obtain data from the participants. The socio-economic constraints the study revealed include: crop diseases, lack of tools, seeds supply, land constraints, household labour shortage, marketing challenges affecting women, credits, infrastructure problems (poor roads), extension services, challenges associated with livestock and fisheries, absence of smallholder's association, community obligations and lack of proper medical facility. And the Smallholders' means to cope with the challenges are irrigation and off-farm activities such as charcoal burning, making canoes and mats, and selling tea by women. The study recommends that there is a high need for both national and state governments, development agencies and NGO's working in the field of agriculture to support smallholder farmers in Gondokoro. Addressing these constraints will enable them to produce food for household consumptions and markets around Juba town. This will in turn reduce dependency on food aid and food imports from neighbouring countries. ; Sudd Project ; M-DS

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the thinking style and self-efficacy in the Youth and Sport Office managers of cities in the Tehran Province. Methodology: This study was an applied and survey one. The population was all the Youth & Sport Office managers of cities in the Tehran Province (N = 114). The sample was considered an equal population. The Strenberg (1991) thinking style questionnaire and the Nezami et al. (1996) self-efficacy questionnaire were used to collect data. The internal reliabilities of both questionnaires were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha, which were determined to be 0.82 and 0.74, respectively. Data analysis was performed by the Pearson Correlation, multiple regression, and t-test. Results: The results obtained showed that there was a positive significant relationship between the self-efficacy and all of the thinking styles. According to regression analysis, the legislative, global, liberal, external, and hierarchic thinking styles were the most important predictors for self-efficacy in sport managers. Conclusion: With regard to the results obtained and the low average of conservative thinking style in both men and women, it is necessary to provide the necessary facilities to learn the conservative thinking style for all sport managers. ; With regard to the results obtained and the low average of conservative thinking style in both men and women, it is necessary to provide the necessary facilities to learn the conservative thinking style for all sport managers.

This article is a result of a study on the war widows of fallen security personals attached to tri forces (Navy, Air and Army) of Sri Lanka. The civil conflict which prevailed for three decades in Sri Lanka ended up with many post war issues in different fields such as peace building, addressing the issues of war affected people etc. War widows are considered as one of the issues during and after arm conflicts and many studies have been conducted in order to investigate the issues of the war widows as well as many facilitating and supportive progarmmes have been organized to address these issues. However, the challenges faced by the military war widows in post-war society in Sri Lanka have not being studied adequately. Hence, this study has examined the challenges of military war widows encountering as a result of continuity and discontinuity of their life circle referring to their life course. It has identified three broad challenges faced by military war widows namely the social challenges, economic challenges and psychological challenges. The study which has employed both the secondary and primary data collection approach has concluded with that the gender roles attached to men and women influence in continuing the life as a widow and it sometimes discontinue the women empowerment such as participating into community events and it creates vulnerability of women's decision making as a widow.

The article analyzes five films that address the issue of gender equity made by a group of videomakers called Ojo de Agua Communication. Although this group lives in Oaxaca , the Mexican state with greater community tradition and Ojo de Agua Communication adopts its organization, working methods and topics covered, his documentaries, with one exception , show women as victims of the political system and their own cultures. We attribute this circumstance to the traditional way of making films, in which the dominant voices belong to the filmmakers narrators and the experts and not women who should be the protagonists of the film speeches. ; En el artículo se analizan cinco películas que tratan el tema de la equidad de género realizadas por un colectivo de videoastas llamado Ojo de Agua Comunicación. A pesar de que dicho colectivo radica en Oaxaca, el estado mexicano con una mayor tradición comunitaria y que Ojo de Agua Comunicación la adopta en su organización, forma de trabajar y temas que trata, sus documentales, con una sola excepción, muestran a las mujeres como víctimas del sistema político y de sus propias culturas. Atribuimos esta circunstancia a la forma tradicional de la realización de los filmes, en la que la voces dominantes pertenecen a los narradores-realizadores y a los expertos y no a las mujeres que debieron ser las protagonistas de los discursos fílmicos.

Muy a menudo buscamos resonancia y reconocimiento en un pensamiento que nos excluye a priori, que considera irrelevante nuestra presencia y nuestro sexo. ¿Por qué buscar donde no te será dado? Sabiamente, Diótima enseña a Sócrates y no a Platón. Pero luego, por desgracia, quién escribe lo sabemos bien. Si en la filosofía de los manuales no están muchas de las mujeres que conozco, quizás la palabra filosofía, como una cierta Academia sigue cultivándola, ya no basta; quizás haya llegado el momento de inventarse una palabra nueva, que esté a la altura de las anchuras de las prácticas y de los pensamientos de las mujeres y de los hombres de tórax abierto. ; Very often we seek resonance and recognition in a thinking that excludes us a priori, that considers our presence and our sex to be irrelevant. Why look in places that will not give to you? Wisely, Diotima teaches Socrates and not Plato. But later, this writer knows it well. If many of the women that I know are not in the philosophy of the textbooks, perhaps the word philosophy, as a certain Academy continues to cultivate it, is no longer enough; perhaps the time has come to invent a new word for ourselves; one that is worthy of measuring up to the breadth of the practices and thinking of women and openhearted men.

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is an endemic zoonosis in tropical regions of Africa and Asia. Nowadays, this emerging and re-emerging disease is a serious public health problem. The present study was initiated to improve the level of knowledge and perception of the population on the EVD in Kinshasa. The survey was conducted among 254 households in Ngaba municipality located at Kinshasa city between 15 and 29 November 2014. The selection focused on this municipality is due to the fact that it was once hit by an epidemic. From identified among households, 249 were successfully surveyed, with a rate of 98%. Among the identified; we had 53.1% men and 46.9% women. It was noticed that 2% have never heard about EDV, 46.8% men and 39% women have a good knowledge of the EDV. Then 66.3% of the population would choose to call the health department if they were in front of a person with symptoms of EDV, and 98.8% perceive that the EVD is dangerous along with 67.9% are willing to help the Congolese authorities to educate the population to prevent it. Television was the most used source of information, either 88.4%. The present study highlights the lack of information and knowledge of the population in relation to the EVD. Many efforts are still required and significant investments are necessary for the dissemination of messages for the whole population. Such survey is reported for the first time in the Kinshasa city.