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"This work explores the question of defining ideology from a Marxist perspective. Advancing beyond the schemas of discussion presented in current Marxist literature, the author offers an account of how the concept of ideology should be defined and what role it plays within historical materialism. Through a close reading of Marx's relevant writings, this volume demonstrates that while there is no coherent, single account of ideology in Marx's work, his materialist framework can be reconstructed in a defensible and 'non-deterministic' way. The definition of ideology presented is then articulated through a close reading of Gramsci's Prison Notebooks. Efforts are also made to demonstrate that Gramsci's interpretation of historical materialism is indeed consistent and compatible with Marx's. A systematic articulation of a theory of ideology that combines the works of Marx and Gramsci, as well as adding elements of Bourdieu's social theory and William James's psychology, this volume will appeal to scholars of social and political theory with interests in political economy and Marxist thought"--

Following the liberalization of EU energy markets, more than three hundred gas and electricity companies entered the market to substitute state-run monopolies. A sizeable shift has taken place within the European energy sector, one that remains only partially understood at best. Focusing on the financial performance of retail energy firms between 2008 and 2017, and taking the Italian market as its exemplara market that has arguably undergone the most significant transformation in EuropeChanges in European Energy Markets provides a critical and up-to-date analysis of this major development. Based on a comprehensive literature review and a wealth of data, the authors provide a compelling and much-needed account of the intensity and pace of change in the sector, which has been far from uniform. Changes in European Energy Markets is a must-read for students, researchers, practitioners and policymakers concerned with the seismic changes that have occurred within EU energy markets over the past decade.

"The spread of hatred and hate speech has intensified in many corners of the world over the last decade and its regulation presents a conundrum for many democracies. This book presents a three-prong theory describing three different but complementary models of hate speech regulation which allows stakeholders to better address this phenomenon. It examines international and national legal frameworks and related case law as well as pertinent scholarly literature review to highlight this development. After a period of an absence of free speech during communism, post-communist democracies have sought to build a framework for the exercise of free speech while protecting public goods such as liberty, equality and human dignity. The three-prong theory is applied to identify public goods and values underlining the regulation of hate speech in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, two countries that share a political, sociological, and legal history, as an example of the differing approaches to hate speech regulation in post-communist societies due to divergent social values, despite identical legal frameworks"--

The southern African savannah landscape has been framed as an 'Arid Eden' in recent literature, as one of Africa's most sought after exotic tourism destinations by twenty-first century travellers, as a 'last frontier' by early twentieth-century travellers and as an ancient ancestral land by Namibia's Herero communities. In this 150-year history of the region, Michael Bollig looks at how this 'Arid Eden' came into being, how this 'last frontier' was construed, and how local pastoralists relate to the landscape. Putting the intricate and changing relations between humans, arid savannah grasslands and its co-evolving animal inhabitants at the centre of his analysis, this history of material relations, of power struggles between commercial hunters and wildlife, between wealthy cattle patrons and foraging clients, between established homesteads and recent migrants, conservationists and pastoralists. Finally, Bollig highlights how futures are being aspired to and planned for between the increasing challenges of climate change, global demands for cheap ores and quests for biodiversity conservation.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Chapter 1 Introduction: A Lannister Always Dates His Pets -- Chapter 2 PC in Greece: An Atypical, yet Revealing, Case Study -- Introduction -- Politics -- Art -- Media -- Everyday Life -- Academia -- Chapter 3 A Culture of Hypocrisy -- Introduction -- Still Got the Blues . . . Or Do I? -- A Well-Rounded Education Versus PTSD Playacting -- On Jordan B. Peterson [but not really . . . ] -- Grêt-à-porter: On Greta Thunberg -- The Bechdel Test -- Blackface and Halloween -- The Evergreen State College Debacle, and "White Guilt" -- Get up, Stand up: Stand-up Comedy for and against PC -- Chapter 4 The Story Thus Far: A Critical Review of the Literature on PC -- Introduction -- A Genealogy of the Term and Attempts at Definition -- Points in Favor of and Against PC -- Chapter 5 Alceste . . . and the Rest: A Misanthropic Pessimist's Outlook on PC -- Introduction -- A Case for Misanthropic Pessimism -- The PC Elephant in the Chat Room -- Chapter 6 [In Lieu of a] Conclusion -- Works Cited -- Index.

Drone warfare is now a routine, if not predominant, aspect of military engagement. Although this method of delivering violence at a distance has been a part of military arsenals for two decades, scholarly debate on remote warfare writ large has remained stuck in tired debates about practicality, efficacy, and ethics. Remote Warfare broadens the conversation, interrogating the cultural and political dimensions of distant warfare and examining how various stakeholders have responded to the reality of state-sponsored remote violence. The essays here represent a panoply of viewpoints, revealing overlooked histories of remoteness, novel methodologies, and new intellectual challenges. From the story arc of Homeland to redefining the idea of a "warrior," these thirteen pieces consider the new nature of surveillance, similarities between killing with drones and gaming, literature written by veterans, and much more. Timely and provocative, Remote Warfare makes significant and lasting contributions to our understanding of drones and the cultural forces that shape and sustain them.

"This theoretically ambitious work combines analytical, institutional and critical approaches in order to provide an in-depth, panoramic and contextual account of European Union citizenship law and policy. Offering a refreshing perspective on the origins, evolution and trajectory of EU citizenship law, Dora Kostakopoulou explores recent developments, controversies and challenges, including Brexit, and fills a lacuna in the existing literature. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this insightful book combines legal studies with normative political theory, political science, sociology and critical migration studies in order to arm readers with the tools required to appreciate and understand the constructive potential and transformative effects of this fascinating and unique institution. Provocative and forward-thinking, it provides glimpses of an alternative future for EU citizenship. Students and scholars working in European law and policy, citizenship, migration and internal market law will find this book to be an engaging and timely read. Its more practical elements will also appeal to government officials, lobbyists and practitioners involved in law and policy-making, as well as to individuals working on transnational processes and globalisation"--

Chapter1 Literature Review of Technological Improvement and Transformation of Economic Development Model -- Chapter2 Theoretical Research: Endogenous Growth Model Embedded with Innovation Heterogeneity -- Chapter3 Mechanical Analysis: Technological Improvement and the Transformation of Industry Development -- Chapter4 An International Comparison: Technological Improvement and the Transformation of Economic Development Model -- Chapter5 Measurement and Analysis of China's Technological Improvement Comprehensive Capability and its Evolvement -- Chapter6 An Empirical Study of Economic Development Mode Transformation Promoted by Technological Improvement -- Chapter7 Technological Improvement and Agricultural Development Mode Transformation: Agricultural Intensification -- Chapter8 Technological Improvement and Industrial Development Mode Transfor mations: New Industrialization -- Chapter9Technological Improvement and Service Development Mode Transformation: Modernized Service Industry -- Chapter10 A Linkage between Advanced Manufacturing Industry and Modern Service Industry Promoted by Technological Improvement -- Chapter11 Basic Guarantee Foundation for the Implementation of China's Technological Advance Strategies -- Chapter12 Mode Selections for the Transformation of Economic Development Mode Promoted by Technological Improvement -- Chapter13 Policy Proposals for Economic Development Mode Transformation Promoted by Technological Improvement.

This volume combines a present-day and historical concern on the topic of global publics between the communication revolution of the 1870s and the digital age. Building on earlier theories of public spheres, Valeska Huber and Jurgen Osterhammel expand the notion of global publics not only geographically but also by charting new thematic territory, describing global publics as courts of global opinion, as market places, or as arenas for competition. As the first historical volume ever to combine different facets of global publics ranging from infrastructures, the press, film and theatre to human rights politics, it brings together established and emerging authors in the field of history and from related disciplines such as geography, sociology, and literature who explore how global publics were configured, imagined, and fragmented. In this way, Global Publics: Their Power and Their Limits not only provides a new conceptual framework and important case studies but also shows how histories of global communication might be studied in the future

"This book explores the experiences of women who are childless by choice in contemporary Ireland, to gain a greater understanding of the factors that influence their decision making, to examine how others react to that decision, and to consider the strategies women engage in to manage the reactions of others. The book is based on detailed in-depth interviews with a group of twelve Irish women who have consciously chosen not to have children. The women speak of their childhoods, personalities, relationships and careers and describe how these shaped their decision making. The book links the women's accounts with literature on the values and belief systems around procreation and motherhood which were prevalent throughout Ireland and chronicles the stigma and negative appraisal associated with women's voluntary childlessness. Although the book is written from a sociological perspective, the merger of theory and practical insights make it accessible to a wide audience. The aim it to foreground the women's voices and generate a greater awareness and understanding of women's voluntary childlessness"--

Has the strategy of the "external constraint" (voluntarily limiting the country's policy-making discretion by tying it to the European mast) contributed to Italy's stagnation over the past twenty-five years? The existing literature is divided on this question. The dominant interpretation is that Italy's stagnation is due to insufficient liberalization, and that the external constraint has had no negative and even a positive influence. An alternative interpretation emphasizes the demand compression and supply-side effects of the external constraint. Based on three case studies of public debt management, privatization, and labor market policy, this paper reconstructs the process by which the external constraint has affected outcomes. It argues that it has had a negative impact, but more as a necessary condition than as a sufficient one. In other words, it would probably have been possible to manage the external constraint differently to produce better outcomes, but without the external constraint, the stagnation would likely have been less deep.

After the First World War the former imperial city of Vienna elected a stable Social Democratic majority. Throughout the 1920s and into the 1930s, "Red Vienna" (as it was derisively called by its critics) became the site of successful large-scale experiments in public housing, hygiene, and education, while still maintaining its world-class contributions to music, literature, art, culture, and science. Though Red Vienna eventually fell victim to fascist violence, the era left a rich legacy that has the potential to influence our own tumultuous time. Red Vienna Sourcebook will provide scholars and students with original documents from the interwar period with thorough introductions and commentaries. The book's thirty-six chapters include primary works from canonical names such as Sigmund Freud and Arthur Schnitzler but also introductions to lesser-known figures such as sociologist Käthe Leichter or health policy pioneer Julius Tandler. These documents will appeal to researchers in such diverse areas as economics, architecture, music, film history, philosophy, women's studies, sports and body culture, and Jewish studies

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of key concepts -- Preface -- THE KEY CONCEPTS -- Access -- Action research -- Agency -- Analysis -- Axiology -- Behaviourism -- Bias -- Big data -- Bricolage -- Case study -- Causality -- Chaos theory -- Codes and coding -- Collaborative research -- Comparative research -- Concept -- Conceptual framework -- Constructionism/constructivism -- Content analysis -- Conversation analysis -- Critical realism -- Critical theory -- Criticality -- Crystallization -- Decolonising methodology -- Deduction -- Delphi method -- Description -- Diaries -- Discourse analysis -- Documentary research -- Ecological approaches -- Emic (and etic) -- Epistemology -- Ethics -- Ethnography -- Evaluation research -- Evidence-based practice -- Experimental method -- Explanation -- Feminist methodology -- Game theory -- Generalisability -- Globalisation -- Grounded theory -- Induction -- Interdisciplinarity -- Interpretivism -- Intersectionality -- Interviewing -- Knowledge -- Life history -- Literature review -- Longitudinal studies -- Meta-analysis -- Metaphor -- Method -- Methodology -- Mixed methods -- Modelling -- Narrative enquiry -- Neuroimaging -- Observation -- Ontology -- Paradigm -- Phenomenology -- Positionality -- Positivism -- Post-positivism -- Postmodernism -- Pragmatism -- Qualitative methods -- Quantitative methods -- Questions -- Reliability -- Research design -- Secondary data analysis -- Shadowing -- Survey -- Symbolic interactionism -- Systematic review -- Theoretical framework -- Theorising -- Theory -- Triangulation -- Trustworthiness -- Truth -- Validity -- Visual methods -- Writing for audiences -- Short bites -- Index.

­Sustainability challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) -- 2. Enabling sustainable bioenergy transitions in Sub-Saharan Africa: strategic issues for achieving climate-compatible development -- 3. Linking industrial crop production and food security in sub-Saharan Africa: local, national and continental perspectives -- Large-scale land acquisitions in Sub-Saharan Africa and corporate social responsibility (CSR): Insights from Italian investments -- Determinants of foreign investment and international aid for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals in Africa: a visual cognitive review of the literature -- Perceived community resilience to floods and droughts induced by climate change in semi-arid Ghana -- Linking rural livelihoods and fuelwood demand from mangroves and upland forests in the coastal region of Guinea -- Strategic partnerships between universities and non-academic institutions for sustainability and innovation: Insights from the University of Ghana -- Long-term vegetation change in central Africa: the need for an integrated management framework for forests and savannas -- Forest-agriculture in the Center-South region of Cameroon: how does traditional knowledge inform integrated management approaches?.

Introduction / Lynn Orilla Scott and Curtis Stokes -- Policing black/brown communities inside/outside the United States : neoliberalism and the rise of the : "carceral state" in the twenty-first century / Darryl C. Thomas -- Youth of color and Michigan's juvenile justice system / Michelle Weemhoff and Jason Smith -- Basketballs can be a bitch! / Martin Vargas -- Behind bars : the current state of U.S. prison literature / D. Quentin Miller -- Sense of solitary confinement / Phillip "UcciKan" Sample -- Solo's life narrative : freedom for me was an evolution, not a revolution / Megan Sweeney -- Outside fences : the rewilding of the motor city viewed from a prison / Rand Gould -- Criminal justice, disconnected youth and latino males in the United States and in Michigan / Rubén Martinez, Bette Avila, and Barry Lewis -- Lox (the Wolverine) : the struggle to express a native american identity in the carceral state / Aaron Kinzel -- Mass incarceration and mental illness : addressing the crisis / Carolyn Pratt Van Wyck and Elizabeth Pratt -- What works in prisoner reentry : reducing crime, recidivism, and prison populations / Dennis Schrantz -- Conclusion -- Contributors -- Index.