Suchergebnisse

WOS: 000451637300001 ; Purpose: Mock trial is an activity commonly used both in and out of the class in citizenship education. Mock trial is a simulation technique rooted in experiential learning. This study aimed to evaluate the Mock trial method used by a primary school teacher in Turkey to solve the problems faced during lessons. Research Methods: This research is designed as an intrinsic case study, which involves the use of Mock trials to solve the classroom problems. Participants were a classroom teacher and 20 fourth grade students attending her class. Research data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Findings: Mock trial procedure was conducted during the last 15 minutes of the lessons at one-to-two-month intervals. The problem to be handled in the Mock trial is decided by the consensus of the students and the teacher. Students solve the problem by acting out their roles as decided in the trial. In this way, students develop the skills of problem solving, self-control, responsibility, empathy, and communication. Also, they learn about the concepts of right and justice, and the functioning of justice system. Implications for Research and Practice: When Mock trial is to be applied to solve classroom problems, especially the problems students commonly experience in their school can be prioritized. Rules to abide before, during and after the trial should be set up first, and a democratic classroom culture characterized with respect, affection and confidence should be established. Students should be encouraged to concentrate on the solution of the classroom problems. Further research can be conducted on utilizing this method as an instructional method in different courses. Moreover, training programs can be held to inform the teachers about this method ; Anadolu University Scientific Research Project Commission [1603E091] ; This study was supported by Anadolu University Scientific Research Project Commission under the grand no: "1603E091" and was presented in International Conference on New Horizons in Education on 13-17.07.2016 in Vienna, Austria.

Wireless sensor networks (RCSF) is a technology that has a wide range of civil or military applications, including battlefield monitoring, environmental monitoring or smart city. However, WSN are characterized by high limitations in terms of energy (battery-operated nodes) and wireless links (low power and lossy links). The work done in this PhD thesis aims to provide solutions that guarantee a certain quality of service in the context of wireless sensor networks. The first part of this work concerns the medium access control layer with the aim of increasing the lifetime of the network. The access to the wireless medium is analyzed and modeled as a link scheduling problem, taking into account collisions. First, a study of the complexity of this problem is carried out, then a distributed and fault-tolerant approach with guaranteed performance is proposed (SS-DD2EC) to solve this problem. The second part is about message routing with the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network (RPL). First of all, a comparison between the various existing routing metrics for the optimization of the energy consumed has been carried out. In addition of lifetime, the reliability and end-to-end latency criteria are considered for evaluating these metrics. Then, two new RPL metrics (R_MinMax and R_Delai) were proposed, achieving significant gains over the state of the art. The first one only considers the energy consumption and reliability, while the second one takes also into account the end-to-end latency. ; Les réseaux de capteurs sans fil (RCSF) sont très largement utilisés dans divers domaines d'applications civiles et militaires, comme la surveillance de champs de bataille, la détection de phénomène environnementaux, ou encore les bâtiments intelligents. Cependant, les réseaux de capteurs sans fil sont caractérisés par de fortes limitations au niveau de l'énergie disponible et des communications radio. Les travaux réalisés dans cette thèse visent à proposer des solutions garantissant une certaine qualité de service ...

International audience ; How to approach the subject of disability from the point of view of social integration? To what extent does the problem of disability give rise to new questions about the problem of social integration? In this article we will try to articulate these two questions with the purpose of locating the problem in a precise conjuncture. Within the framework of liberal societies that place the individual in the center of sociability, both regulations and social protections as well as labor relationships are relegated to a secondary role. But, what happens with the disabled individuals? What is the place of individuals who are recognized as having a form of incapacity in the liberal democracies' economy of social integration? And what about of common regime of the social integration if we consider the place of " invalids " in contemporary societies? We propose a " comparison in the history " , following the Robert Castel's recommendations. Then, we will try to compare the contemporary evolutions of individualism with the European individualism post-Second World War, characterized by the development of the social State and protected wage relationships. We will pay a particular attention to the kind of social policies that are stimulated now compared with the social policies implemented until today. ; Resumen. ¿Cómo abordar el tema de la discapacidad desde el ángulo de la integración social? ¿En qué medida el problema de la discapacidad permite desplegar nuevos interrogantes sobre la problemática de la integración social? Intentaremos articular esas dos preguntas con el propósito de ubicar el problema que nos ocupa en una coyuntura precisa. En el marco de sociedades liberales, que sitúan al individuo en el centro de lo social, tanto las regulaciones y las protecciones sociales como las relaciones del trabajo pasan a un segundo plano. ¿Pero qué ocurre con el individuo discapacitado? ¿Qué lugar ocupan aquellos sujetos a quienes se les reconoce una forma de invalidez en la economía de la integración ...

The countries of the world are already competing for Exascale and the first exaflopics supercomputer should be release by 2020-2021. These supercomputers will be used for military purposes, to show the power of a na- tion, but also for research on climate, health, physics, astrophysics and many other areas of application. These supercomputers of tomorrow must respect an energy envelope of 20 MW for reasons both economic and environ- mental. In order to create such a machine, conventional architectures must evolve to hybrid machines equipped with accelerators such as GPU, Xeon Phi, FPGA, etc.We show that the current benchmarks do not seem sufficient to target these applications which have an irregular behavior. This study sets up a metrics targeting the walls of computational architectures: computation and communication walls with irregular behavior. The problem for the computational wall is the Langford's academic combinatorial problem. We propose our implementation of the Graph500 benchmark in order to target the communication wall.These two metrics clearly highlight the advantage of using accelerators, such as GPUs, in these specific and representative problems of HPC. In order to validate our thesis we propose the study of a real problem bringing into play at the same time the computation, the communications and an extreme irregularity. By performing simulations of physics and astrophysics we show once again the advantage of the hybrid architecture and its scalability. ; La course à l'Exascale est entamée et tous les pays du monde rivalisent pour présenter un supercalculateur exaflopique à l'horizon 2020-2021. Ces superordinateurs vont servir à des fins militaires, pour montrer la puissance d'une nation, mais aussi pour des recherches sur le climat, la santé, l'automobile, physique, astrophysique et bien d'autres domaines d'application. Ces supercalculateurs de demain doivent respecter une enveloppe énergétique de 20 MW pour des raisons à la fois économiques et environnementales. Pour arriver à produire une ...

Die Arbeit untersucht Lernhilfeinitiativen in Wien, die an der Schnittstelle zwischen Bildungs- und Wohlfahrtssystem das soziale Problem der Bildungsbenachteiligung bearbeiten. Von September bis November 2017 wurden ExpertInneninterviews mit Projektleitungen und politischen EntscheidungsträgerInnen geführt und themenanalytisch ausgewertet. Das Phänomen außerschulische Lernhilfe wird zunächst soziologisch mittels bildungstheoretischer Zugänge und Groenemeyers "Soziologie sozialer Probleme" betrachtet und dann auf dem sozialwirtschaftlichen Markt verortet. Der außerschulische Lernhilfemarkt wird angesichts der Ökonomisierung Sozialer Arbeit als Quasimarkt beschrieben, wobei auf die Funktionen von NPOs, deren Umweltbeziehungen, sozialpolitische Spannungsfelder, Finanzierungsformen, Beschäftigungsverhältnisse sowie Freiwilligenarbeit eingegangen wird. Die Ergebnisse zeichnen die bunte Entstehungsgeschichte der Projekte nach und stellen ihre Rechtsformen dar. Aus Sichtweise der sozialwirtschaftlichen Organisationen wurden die strukturellen Rahmenbedingungen (Rolle der Sozialpolitik, rechtliche Grundlagen, die Finanzierungs- und Förderstruktur sowie die Personalstruktur) beleuchtet und gezeigt, wie diese die Funktion und das Setting prägen. Angesichts strittiger Problemdefinitionen und fehlender politischer Zuständigkeiten beziehungsweise Förderstruktur konnte der außerschulische Lernhilfemarkt als Schwarzmarkt beschrieben werden. ; This paper examines non-school learning assistance initiatives in Vienna that work on the social problem of educational disadvantage at the interface between the education and welfare systems. From September to November 2017, expert interviews with project leaders and political decision-makers were conducted and evaluated according thematic analysis. The phenomenon of non-school learning assistance is first examined sociologically by means of theoretical approaches to education and Groenemeyer's "sociology of social problems" and then located on the socio-economic market. In view of the economisation of social work, the non-school learning assistance market is described as a quasi-market in which the functions of NPOs, their environmental relations, socio-political areas of tension, forms of financing, employment relationships and voluntary work are addressed. The results trace the colourful history of the projects and present their legal forms. From the perspective of socio-economic organisations, the structural framework conditions (role of social policy, legal foundations, financing structure and personnel structure) were examined and shown, how they shape the function and setting. In view of disputed problem definitions and a lack of political responsibility and support structure, the non-school learning assistance market could be described as a black market. ; vorgelegt von: Magdalena Kompek ; Wien, FH Campus Wien, Masterarb., 2018 ; (VLID)2883080

Every village has a leader. The uniqueness of the leadership of Tenganan Pegringsingan village is interesting to be observed. Therefore, the researcher is interested to observe it with three main problems as follows: 1.How is the leadership system in Tenganan Pegringsingan traditional village? 2. How is the job and leadership function in Tenganan Pegringsingan traditional village? 3. How is the ethics education in leadership system in Tenganan Pegringsingan? with the general objects and specific objects and also the benefits of theoretical and practical. Furthermore, theoretical mapping in this study uses as follows: 1. system theory to distinguish the problem of leader system; 2. structural functional theory to distinguish the problem about the leadership's job and the function; 3. the value theory to distinguish the problem of leadership ethics education. Whereas, the method used is the method of collecting data as the beginning for accuracy and foresight in preparing the thesis. The method of collecting the data as follows: observation method, interview method, library method, and method of documentation study. After the data collected and processed by using descriptive analysis method is how data processing is done by the way of arranging systematically to get the general conclusion. Based on the research methods, the result of the study can be describe as follows: 1. leadership system of Tenganan Pegringsingan traditional village such as: a. general leadership; b. the role of traditional village; c. devotion of leadership rules; d. the level of krama desa's structure; e. the relationship between traditional village and the government; f. routine krama desa activities. 2. Tenganan Pegringsingan's duties and functions of village leadership such as: a. tradition and religion functions; b. political and the law function; c. social and civic security function. 3. Leadership ethics education such as: a. ehical education in taking decision; b. ethical education in rituals and religions; c. ethical education in environmental management; d. ethical education in maintaining tradition and culture.

The paper constitutes an attempt to describe the refugee issue as a very important problem in international law. Problem which can bring both profits and losses for involved countries in many areas. Along with the inflow of people from abroad, initial expenses related to the administrative process increase. At the same time, the increase in human capital can also be noted. It depends on the policy of a given country, whether it can effectively use human capital or only social costs for the country are generated. Sometimes international law obligation is not enough to convince society that accepting refugees is a right and good decision. The paper focuses on how and with which legislation tools it is done and explores whether or not it is effective. The paper consists, among others, of the following sections: "Who is refugee – legal description", "Non-governmental organizations", "International administration – UNHCR", "EU administration created to help refugees", "The Treaty of Lisbon and refugee policy". In those subchapters, the legal basis of the refugee protection system in the Western world as well as the refugee policy and execution of this law are discussed. ; Artykuł podejmuje próbę ukazania problemu uchodźców i osób migrujących między krajami, jako bardzo ważny aspekt prawa międzynarodowego. Problem, który może generować zyski i straty dla zaangażowanych krajów w wielu obszarach. Razem z napływem osób z zagranicy początkowo rosną wydatki związane z procesem administracyjnym, ale rośnie również potencjalny kapitał ludzki. Zależy to od polityki danego kraju, czy potrafi wykorzystać taki potencjalny kapitał. Czasami zobowiązanie wynikające z prawa międzynarodowego nie wystarcza, aby przekonać społeczeństwo, że przyjmowanie uchodźców jest słuszne. Migracja jest niejako naturalnym procesem występującym pomiędzy krajami. Jest ona generowana różnymi czynnikami. Prawo międzynarodowe pozwala ją uporządkować i sklasyfikować tak, aby jednostki, które we własnym kraju napotykają poważne problemy, mogły spróbować żyć gdzie indziej.

Many issues of concern have been raised by different scholars about leadership and human endeavours in Africa over ages; issues pertaining to relationship, communication, attitude, position, power, politics, policies, influence and the likes. The demand of leadership is so enormous, task-full and delicate. The various attempt of different scholars across the globe to determine what leadership should be or should look like had led to many propounded theories, styles, principles, and techniques of exhibiting leadership. Many scholars and a host of others had written and or researched on leadership in various aspects which could be regarded as areas involving pro-activeness of leaders; attitude; qualifications of leaders; qualities; problems of leadership; theories of leadership; styles of leadership; philosophy of leadership and contemporary issues in leadership. All of their positions cannot be undermined in leadership discuss, especially in Africa and beyond; although none of these aforementioned and other scholars had written directly on psycho-philosophical leadership. The researcher's drive on embarking on this work rested on his observation of some problematic issues that devastate the Church in Africa as a result of inadequate or proper inquiry into the problem and a logical approach to resolving such issues. The desire to see pastors in Church in African become inquiry-based and problem-solving leaders is the motivation for the work. Hence, the thrust of this paper is to present psycho-philosophical approach to leadership; intimating pastors as leaders on the necessity of developing critical mindset without undermining the Spirit of God in handling critical issues that are devastating the Church in Africa so as to ascertain efficacy of pastoral ministry through inductive-thinking, critical and deep-thinking; as well as raising the consciousness of pastors as leaders to the fact that pastoral call is not a call to lazy or myopic exhibition but that which requires thorough inquiry and problem-solving ...

Introduction. The quantitative assessment of the housing policy effectiveness in the context of the solving of a housing problem gives the possibility to estimate governments programs and tools in the given area and choose the most efficient of them. Purpose. Given the lack of the scientific papers devoted quantitative assessments of housing policy, the main purpose of the given article is developing of approach for the numerical estimation the housing policy effectiveness considering the complexity and variety tools which are simultaneously used by the government to solve the housing problem. Results. Proposed four-level model of the state housing policy allows maximally consider the complexity and ambiguity of the problems which must be solved in housing sphere and takes into account market development (economic efficiency) and performance of the government non-market tools (social efficiency). Using this approach, the effectiveness in 2015 only 14.29% (maximal value 100%) and decreasing trend of the housing policy in Ukraine within 2011-2015 have been received (the effectiveness was 35.7%). The main problems in housing policy in Ukraine were determined as increasing the gap between building activities and possibilities to use of the market and non-market tools to solve housing problems by citizens. Basing on received results concluded that housing policy in the UK has the higher effectiveness than in Ukraine. Conclusions. The main problem of housing policy in Ukraine was determined as the inconsistency ofthe positive trend inbuilding activity and solving the housing problems of neediest.Received results show that experience and the practical tools which are used in the UK within housing policy will be useful to explore and implementation by Ukraine's Government. Of particular interest are the instruments of transfer of new social and private homes to rent to citizens with limited resources. ; peer-reviewed

В статье рассматривается проблема соотношения понятий предпринимательская и приносящая доход деятельность некоммерческих организаций. Указываются причины ее возникновения. Исследуются понятие, признаки, критерии отнесения той или иной деятельности некоммерческих организаций к предпринимательской или приносящей доход деятельности. Анализируются основные подходы к указанной проблеме, обозначенные в гражданско-правовой доктрине. На основании проведенного анализа нормативных правовых актов, научной литературы, судебной практики делаются выводы относительно понимания приносящей доход деятельности как более широкого понятия по отношению к предпринимательской деятельности. Устанавливается соотношение указанных категорий с понятиями экономическая и хозяйственная деятельность. Обращается внимание на использование законодателем при регулировании данных правоотношений публично-правовых средств, а также появление таких средств правового регулирования, как условно-дозволительные нормы. Анализируется проблема основной и неосновной, дополнительной цели деятельности некоммерческой организации. Предлагаются пути решения существующих коллизий. ; The article deals with the problem of correlation of business and income-generating activities of non- profit organizations. Causal causes of its occurrence are indicated. The concept, signs, criteria of referring an activity of non-profit organizations to entrepreneurial or income-generating activities are explored. The main approaches identified in the civil law doctrine on this problem are analyzed. Based on the analysis of normative legal acts, scientific literature, judicial practice, conclusions are drawn regarding the understanding of income-generating activities as a broader concept in relation to entrepreneurial activity. The ratio of these categories to the concepts of economic activity is established. Attention is drawn to the use by the legislator, when regulating these legal relations, of public legal means, as well as the appearance of such legal regulation means as conditionally permissible norms. The problem of the main and non-core, additional goal of the activity of a non-profit organization is analyzed. Ways to solve the existing conflicts are suggested.

The article is about the search of identity by the writers from the German Democratic Republic. The author analysed in it the prose forms of opinions of seven writers representing different generations in the German Democratic Republic (H. Richter, l. von Wangenheim, M. Neumann, O. Herbert, U. Püschel, B. Wogatzki and W. Kaufmann). These opinions appeared in April1986 in the East German literary journal "Neue Deutsche Literature". In all the utterances the autobiographical trend strikes us in which direction the authors go in order to picture the phenomenon of looking by them of the so called "one's own place" in the spiritual landscape of the divided Germany. The autobiographical record makes it possible for the above mentioned authors to present the problem of East German writer's identity in a measurable and concrete manner with reference to a given writer as human being thus making it possible for him to avoid the burden of historical motivation in relation to their own national history. Giving up the historical dimension of the problem of German identity the above mentioned writers resort to the geographical experience of the place of residence; to the neighbourly relations started on its basis; to the family tradition of customs in order to come from this externally experienced perspective of a given territory to the extra-territorial generalizations concerning the symbolic place of man on an equally symbolically understood earth. This kind of an all-compassing imagination of the above mentioned writers from the German Democratic Republic in their considerations on the subject of identity renders both their need of transgressing the tight territorial boundaries of their own statehood and is an example of an escape into utopia, sentimentalism and the myth of man with his brotherly, supranational earthly paradise. Thus the problem of identity of writers from the German Democratic Republic may, at least with reference to the above mentioned authors, be considered as controversial and unsolved.

This thesis deals with the planning of care routes for home health care. Under the impulse of the various public health policies put in place in France, the demand for patients to receive their treatment in a familiar and safe environment has steadily increased. Revealing new organizational problems in home health care structures, our work focuses on optimizing care routes planning by considering medical, logistical and economic constraints. As a first step, we study the planning of home health care routes with a particular focus on time window and synchronization constraints. By relaxing these constraints, we bring more flexibility to problem modeling by individually defining the wishes of patients to receive their treatment in order to improve the quality of patient planning and patient satisfaction. In a second step, we integrate in our modeling the workload balancing of the caregivers. This aspect must not be neglected in order to obtain fairness and ensure the applicability of our planning. Subsequently, we study the problem in its multi-objective form. The prioritization of objectives may be confusing for the decision makers, we propose a memetic algorithm for multi-objective optimization in order to obtain a set of solutions representing various trade-offs between the objectives. Finally, the last part of this thesis focuses on the assignment of visits and caregivers to home health care centers in a multi-center configuration. The geographical dispersion of patients on the territory may lead to the opening of new centers, the assignment of caregivers to home health care centers is becoming a new aspect to optimize. For each problem, experiments are carried out in order to evaluate the quality of our solving methods on instances of the literature. ; Cette thèse porte sur la planification des tournées de soins pour l'hospitalisation à domicile. Sous l'impulsion des différentes politiques publiques de santé mises en place en France, la demande des patients de recevoir leur traitement dans un environnement ...

The essential socio-economic and political transformations in our country, originating from the end of the last century, have changed socio-cultural situation, in which a human personality is formed. Spiritual revival of the Ukrainian nation is possible based on national cultural and historical traditions and universal human values. Therefore, the society and the government have an objective necessity in citizens, who are capable of perception, conservation and development of these traditions and values. The educational system is one of the most important factors in satisfaction of this necessity, the training of generations to reproduce of cultural values. The solution of this problem can not only be achieved by subject, special training of future specialist: education will satisfy modern requirements and will become complete only when its content is defined by educational aims. Therefore, the general problem of higher education in Ukraine is the search of the most effective ways, methods and technologies of students' education, its preparation for various spheres of society life, for the production sphere. One of the components of this problem is defining of a teacher's new mission in the modern world. ; В основе современных преобразований происходят изменения, прежде всего в сфере образования, основным принципом которых является подготовка специалиста, способного совершенствовать свои профессиональные качества, воспроизводить и расширять свой жизненный опыт, создавать материальные условия для жизни общества, его культуру, накапливать и формировать новые ценности. Поэтому целью статьи является разработка раскрытие основных аспектов воспитательной работы в высших педагогических учебных заведениях с целью формирования общей культуры студенческой молодежи. ; В основі сучасних перетворень відбуваються зміни, насамперед в освітній сфері, основним принципом яких є підготовка спеціаліста, здатного вдосконалювати свої професійні якості, відтворювати й розширювати свій життєвий досвід, створювати матеріальні умови для життя суспільства, його культуру, накопичувати і формувати нові цінності. Тому метою статті єрозробка теоретико-методологічних засад виховної роботи у вищих педагогічних навчальних закладах з метою формування загальної культури студентської молоді.

This research is entitled "Design Of Regional Autonomy In The Affirmative Framewok Of Presidential Government Systems Affirmation:. This research is motivated by the decentralization of Indonesia which has unsymmetrical, because of the existence of specific nd special regions, further more in terms of the presedential government system there is a problem in the development of its subsystems up to regional government. Thus, understanding is needed to understand th reality and redesign of regional autonomy in regional head elections, specific and special regions, and in order to reaffirm the presidential government system in an effort to build relations between the president and regional heads. As for the method used in making this writing is a juridical method normative or doctrinal. Design Of Regional Autonomy In The Affirmative Framewok Of Presidential Government Systems, By Rio Armanda Agustian. Abstract this research is entitled Design Of Regional Autonomy In The Affirmative Framewok Of Presidential Government Systems Affirmation. This research is motivated by the decentralization of Indonesia which has symmetricity, namely the existence of special and special regions, then if viewed from the presidential government system there is a problem in the development of its subsystems to regional government. Thus, understanding is needed to understand the reality and redesign of regional autonomy in regional head elections, special and special regions and in order to reaffirm the presidential government system in an effort to built relations between the president and regional heads. As for the method used in making this writing is a juridical method normative or doctrinal, because the data search is done by reviewing local government law and legislation related., and the data also related to the privilege and specificity of the region. The results of this study is the middle solution to solve the problem can also be done by direct appointment of the governor by the president, although this is very unpopular and very ...

Ranking data, i.e., ordered list of items, naturally appears in a wide variety of situations, especially when the data comes from human activities (ballots in political elections, survey answers, competition results) or in modern applications of data processing (search engines, recommendation systems). The design of machine-learning algorithms, tailored for these data, is thus crucial. However, due to the absence of any vectorial structure of the space of rankings, and its explosive cardinality when the number of items increases, most of the classical methods from statistics and multivariate analysis cannot be applied in a direct manner. Hence, a vast majority of the literature rely on parametric models. In this thesis, we propose a non-parametric theory and methods for ranking data. Our analysis heavily relies on two main tricks. The first one is the extensive use of the Kendall's tau distance, which decomposes rankings into pairwise comparisons. This enables us to analyze distributions over rankings through their pairwise marginals and through a specific assumption called transitivity, which prevents cycles in the preferences from happening. The second one is the extensive use of embeddings tailored to ranking data, mapping rankings to a vector space. Three different problems, unsupervised and supervised, have been addressed in this context: ranking aggregation, dimensionality reduction and predicting rankings with features.The first part of this thesis focuses on the ranking aggregation problem, where the goal is to summarize a dataset of rankings by a consensus ranking. Among the many ways to state this problem stands out the Kemeny aggregation method, whose solutions have been shown to satisfy many desirable properties, but can be NP-hard to compute. In this work, we have investigated the hardness of this problem in two ways. Firstly, we proposed a method to upper bound the Kendall's tau distance between any consensus candidate (typically the output of a tractable procedure) and a Kemeny consensus, on any ...