Suchergebnisse

The referendum on the dismissal of the President of Warsaw Hanna Gronkiewicz- Waltz before the end of her term was a part of a series of political events that could affect the power arrangement on the Polish political scene, especially on the market position of the Civic Platform (Platforma Obywatelska) and the Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość) parties. By analysing the actions taken by the main political actors in the pre‑referendum period, two basic issues should be resolved: if political‑market entities actually carry out their long‑term political strategies and whether the adopted strategy translates into a specific and clear marketing concept of pre‑election activities in the prevalent Polish political realm. Regardless, however, of the adopted strategic option, competing political entities should take into account the obvious fact that the mass media are responsible for delimiting the area of political discourse and for defining matters which are a subject thereof.

The recent spikes of global food prices induced a rapid increase in mass media coverage, public policy attention, and donor funding for food security, and for agriculture and rural poverty. This has occurred while the shift from "low" to "high" food prices has induced a shift in (demographic or social) "location" of the hunger and poverty effects, but the total number of undernourished and poor people have declined over the same period. We discuss whether the observed pattern can be explained by the presence of a "global urban bias" on agriculture and food policy in developing countries, and whether this "global urban bias" may actually benefit poor farmers. We argue that the food price spikes appear to have succeeded where others have failed in the past: to move the problems of poor and hungry farmers to the top of the policy agenda and to induce development and donor strategies to help them.

AbstractDoes party organization still matter? Much of the party literature suggests that politicians, who can use substitutes like mass media to win votes, lack incentives to invest in party organization. Yet it remains an electoral asset, especially at lower levels of government. Evidence from Brazil's Workers' Party (PT) indicates that party elites invest in organization when they prioritize lower-level elections and that this investment delivers electoral returns. In the mid-2000s, the PT strengthened its support across levels of government in the conservative, clientelistic Northeast. Drawing from underutilized data on party offices, this article shows that organizational expansion contributed substantially to the PT's electoral advances in the Northeast. While President Lula da Silva's (PT) 2006 electoral spike in the Northeast resulted from expanded conditional cash transfers, the PT's improvement at lower levels followed from top-down organization building. The PT national leadership deliberately expanded the party's local infrastructure to deliver electoral gains.

Работа посвящена актуальным вопросам политической лингвистики. С помощью метода сплошной выборки были найдены отонимные окказионализмы в СМИ и интернет-блогах. На основании результатов анализа были выявлены и классифицированы разные способы образования таких окказионализмов (суффиксальный, использование аналогий и др.). Также был сделан вывод, что такие слова могут объединяться в словообразовательные гнезда. В будущем планируется продолжить исследование рассмотреть и классифицировать коннотации окказионализмов, словообразовательные гнезда. ; The work is devoted to topical issues of political linguistics. With the method of simple sampling the nonce words of the political anthroponyms were investigated in mass-media and internet blogs. Based on results of analysis a few methods of a formation of the nonce words (suffix method, word's unification method, the analogy) were detected and classified. Also formation of the derivation's nests was detected. In the future it is planning to continue the study with researching and classifying the connotation of the nonce words and derivation's nests.

Using videorecorded data from canvassing interviews between activists and voters in Los Angeles, this thesis examines the ideologies of sexuality that emerge in conversation through the interactive construction of argumentative reasoning and socio-semiotic processes of ideological representation. Analysis focuses on the discursive connections canvassers and voters draw between attitudes toward LGBT politics and beliefs about what causes a person to be gay or bisexual. In contrast to ideologies circulated by the mass media, the data demonstrate broad variation in how voters' stances on politics and morality are tied to their own presentations of self and whether they believe homosexuality is something people choose, are influenced toward, or are born with. Nonetheless, canvassers misrecognize this variation and generate restrictive ideological representations through processes of iconization, erasure, and dichotomic replication. In order to better promote LGBT political causes, I call on activists to rethink their persuasive strategies in light of these findings.

На материале текстов российских СМИ и фрагментов компьютерно-опосредованной коммуникации, в которых обсуждается функционирование наиболее важных социальных институтов — государства, церкви, системы образования — демонстрируется, каким образом с помощью иронии говорящему удается апеллировать и к рациональному началу, и к эмоциям читательской аудитории. Одним из самых популярных способов выражения негативной оценки происходящих событий является ирония, используемая в деонтической функции. ; The research is based on Russian mass-media publications and samples of computer-mediated communication. The texts address the issues of social interaction between the citizens and the most important social institutions: the state, the Russian Orthodox Church and the educational system. The evaluative potential of irony makes it a frequent way of expressing critical stance. Two forms of irony – the absurd (or surrealistic) irony and the propositional negation (or antiphrastic) irony – are the most popular strategies of expressing negative evaluation since they are the most obvious and easiest for recognition.

В статье рассматриваются вопросы угрозы духовной безопасности российского общества. Главными из них авторы выделяют деполитизацию общества, угрозу со стороны нетрадиционных религиозных культов, рост негативного влияния со стороны религиозного фундаментализма, угрозу со стороны отрицательной информационной политики средств массовой информации, угрозу постепенной деградации российской молодежи. Авторы ставят задачу активизировать нравственно-духовное воспитание молодежи, в том числе и в ведомственных образовательных организациях МВД России. ; The article deals with the questions of threat of spiritual safety in the Russian society. The authors of the article allocate main of them – society's depoliticization, threat on the part of nonconventional religious cults, growth of negative influence on the part of religious fundamentalism, threat on the part of a negative information politics of mass media, threat of gradual degradation of the Russian youth. The authors put a task to make active moral–spiritual education among the youth including in departmental educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

"The reaction to the Fukushima-catastrophe by the Japanese political class reveals a deeply rooted system crisis. A return of government and parliament to former patterns of political decision making and traditional patterns of energy policy is not possible and not acceptable. A change of policy perspectives, however, is requested by the majority of voters, citizen groups and mass media. Instead, the governments of the Democratic Party of Japan as well as the strongest Opposition party, the Liberal Democratic Party, stick to traditional patterns of a widespread use of nuclear energy by proposing the reactivation of nuclear reactors for up to 40 or even 60 (!) years. A way leading out of this crisis should instead be based on a combination of energy saving, environment protection and a consequent, risk minimizing energy policy. In short: Japan must invent itself as a new innovative society." (author's abstract)

The national organization of Austrian Muslims in its first phase (1979–2000) was to improve dialogue between the state and Muslims, thereby making a contribution to the social integration of Muslims and their religious law and to social cohesion and so counteract social polarisation and segregation. Reality is more complicated: Muslims are not seen by others as part of Austrian society (right parties win up 18 to 30% by national and local elections) and their largest organizations are influenced by Turkish authorities or foreign fundamentalists. The construction of mosques and religious instruction at schools, supported by government as an important step towards the integration of Islam in Austria, can reach opposite goals, as the leaders of new Muslim's political movements in Austria caution in mass-media. The activities of these new liberal movements can create a new scheme of Muslim-society cooperation and mutual understanding, in order to overcome irrational aggressive Islamophobia and sometimes reasonable Anti-Muslim prejudices.

The spreading phenomenon of Euroscepticism is manifested in critical practices in discourse that oppose European integration. This paper explores Euroscepticism as an element of discourse, which cannot only be measured as party positions or individual attitudes. Based on this understanding, our argument is twofold. Firstly, Euroscepticism relates to the unsettled and principally contested character of the European Union (EU) as a political entity: its basic purpose and rationale, its institutional design and its future trajectory. It correlates with pro-European discourse and the attempts to promote the (democratic) legitimacy of the EU. Secondly, we argue that Euroscepticism unfolds primarily through mass media. As such, it is given public expression through general news values, drama and narratives that are targeted to draw the attention of the wider audience. Understanding this responsive and public nature of Euroscepticism leads us, in the end, to a comprehensive typology of six forms of polity evaluation of the EU.

The aim of this paper is to give an insight into the link between corruption and the implementation of structural and cohesion funds in Romania and the other Central and Eastern European states (CEE). Although there is a great interest within the mass-media and the civil society for this topic, very few in-depth analyses have been carried out on this subject by independent researchers. This article starts with an evaluation on the various indicators and indexes that quantify corruption, continuing with a comparison at a regional level. Afterwards, the analysis continues with a brief assessment on the implementation of structural funds in Romania and the other CEE states. What we have found by analysing the corruption indices and absorption rates for 7 European Union member states is that there is a strong link between the two phenomena: states with high levels of corruption benefit less from structural and cohesion funds having lower absorption rates.

В статье раскрывается роль средств массовой информации в формировании объективного общественного мнения о законотворческой деятельности и в целом о парламенте. На основании проведенных социологических исследований обозначено, что депутат должен учитывать общественное мнение субъектов права, граждан в своей профессиональной парламентской деятельности, уделять постоянное внимание вопросу сотрудничества с избирателями в обсуждении принимаемых законопроектов, разъяснять принимаемые законопроекты. Намечены наиболее перспективные направления информационно-пропагандистской стратегии дальнейших исследований. ; The article describes the role of mass media in formation of objective public opinion about legislative activity and as a whole about parliament. On the basis of the sociological researches, it is designated, that the deputy should consider public opinion of subjects of law of legislative activity, opinion of citizens in the professional parliamentary activity, the deputy should also pay constant attention to the question of cooperation with voters discussing draft bills, explain approved bills. The most perspective directions of information and propaganda strategy of further investigations are planned.