Suchergebnisse

Die Entwicklung der Atomkraft-Industrie in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika Ende der 40er und Anfang der 50er Jahre kann nachweislich weder durch Knappheiten konventioneller Brennstoffe noch durch die Begeisterung der Wissenschaft für die neue Technik der Energieerzeugung noch durch reines Profitstreben der Industrie erklärt werden. Vielmehr kommen internationale Beweggründe des amerikanischen Kongresses und des Präsidenten zum tragen, die die Involvierung der Industrie bewußt herbeigeführt haben, was zum Aufbau der ersten Kernkraftanlage führte . (SWP-Tth)

The work analyses and evaluates the results of research work carried out so far in the field of rainwater management in urban areas in Poland. Using the "biblioshiny" tool, a bibliometric analysis was carried out based on queries to the Scopus and Web of Science databases. As a result, information was obtained on selected bibliometric statistics of scientific publications in which the topic of rainwater in Poland was taken up. The probable direction of further research development in the field of the analysed issues was also determined. In addition, after a detailed review of all the articles obtained at the earlier stage of the bibliometric analysis, the main research contexts were indicated and discussed. Areas and issues requiring further analysis and supplementation were indicated in the work.

A review of five major social work journals published during a 27-year period indicates that the literature on fathers is sparse. The view of fathers that emerges from articles that have been published shows fathers as perpetrators, as missing, and as embattled. If the social work profession is to remain committed to working with families, then researchers and practitioners must study the changing patterns of fatherhood.

The correlation between knowledge and attitudes has been the source of controversy in research on the public understanding of science (PUS). Although many studies, both quantitative and qualitative, have examined this issue, the results are at best diverse and at worst contradictory. In this paper, we review the evidence on the relationship between public attitudes and public knowledge about science across 40 countries using a meta-analytic approach. We fit multilevel models to data from 193 nationally representative surveys on PUS carried out since 1989. We find a small positive correlation between general attitudes towards science and general knowledge of scientific facts, after controlling for a range of possible confounding variables. This general relationship varies little across cultures but more substantially between different domains of science and technology. Our results suggest that PUS research needs to focus on understanding the mechanisms that underlie the clear association that exists between knowledge and attitudes about science.

Résumé Pendant un siècle, de Durkheim à Bourdieu, la sociologie française universitaire a tenté de mieux répondre que la philosophie aux problèmes des sociétés en se définissant comme une science. La segmentation de l'Université en disciplines autonomes a permis cette affirmation de la sociologie. Garantie par une méthode circonscrite, elle se voulait une science comme les autres. Mais cette indépendance de la sociologie était limitée puisque ses questions et leur traitement lui étaient suggérées par ses commanditaires ou par l'État. Plus elle se voulait libre de tout préjugé, plus elle oubliait sa dépendance de fait et sa limitation aux faits. Ne faudrait-il pas revenir au conseil de Husserl qui demandait aux « fonctionnaires de l'Humanité » de ne pas réduire leurs ambitions aux conditions de fait mais de se référer à nouveau à l'horizon de l'Humanité ?

This article sets out our perspective on how to begin the journey of decolonising computational fi elds, such as data and cognitive sciences. We see this struggle as requiring two basic steps: a) realisation that the present-day system has inherited, and still enacts, hostile, conservative, and oppressive behaviours and principles towards women of colour; and b) rejection of the idea that centring individual people is a solution to system-level problems. The longer we ignore these two steps, the more "our" academic system maintains its toxic structure, excludes, and harms Black women and other minoritised groups. This also keeps the door open to discredited pseudoscience, like eugenics and physiognomy. We propose that grappling with our fi elds' histories and heritage holds the key to avoiding mistakes of the past. In contrast to, for example, initiatives such as "diversity boards", which can be harmful because they superfi cially appear reformatory but nonetheless center whiteness and maintain the status quo. Building on the work of many women of colour, we hope to advance the dialogue required to build both a grass-roots and a top-down re-imagining of computational sciences — including but not limited to psychology, neuroscience, cognitive science, computer science, data science, statistics, machine learning, and artifi cial intelligence. We aspire to progress away fromthese fi elds' stagnant, sexist, and racist shared past into an ecosystem that welcomes and nurturesdemographically diverse researchers and ideas that critically challenge the status quo.