Suchergebnisse

La Commission Européenne fi nance plusieurs réseaux académiques internationaux avec des objectifs orientés vers l'éducation et la formation, la recherche et les relations avec les industries et les gouvernements. En particulier dans le domaine alimentaire le réseau ISEKI_Food (Integrating Safety and Environment Knowledge In Food towards European Sustainable Development (http://www.iseki-food.eu/) fut initié il y a 11 ans. Ce réseau s'est développé, montrant que les aspects internationaux des Sciences et Procédés Alimentaires sont de plus en plus importants pour les gouvernements, l'industrie et l'enseignement. The European Commission has been fi nancing several internacional academic networks, which the objectives are towards topics related with education/training, research, industry and governments. Particularly in the food fi eld, the ISEKI_Food (Integrating Safety and Environment Knowledge In Food towards European Sustainable Development - (http://www.iseki-food.eu/) network was initiated eleven years ago. This network has been expanding, demonstrating that international aspects of food science and engineering, as well as related subjects, are more and more important for governments, industry and the academics.

The theoretical purview and contemporary political relevance of agro‐food studies are restricted by their unexamined methodological foundations in modernist ontology. The nature‐society dualism at the core of this ontology places agro‐food studies, and their 'parent' disciplines in the orthodox social sciences, outside the broad intellectual project that is advancing the greening of social theory, and militates against effective engagement with the bio‐politics of environmental organizations and Green movements. The disabling consequences of the erasure of nature in agro‐food studies are explored by analyzing several recent theoretical perspectives: the consumption 'turn' in the work of Fine, Marsden and their respective colleagues, and Wageningen actor‐oriented rural sociology. The merits of actor‐network theory in resolving these ontological limitations are then considered using brief case‐studies of food scares, agri‐biotechnologies, and the recent proposals to regulate organic agriculture in the United States.

This paper examines the question of ontological choice in agro‐food studies, and emphasizes that such choices are consequential, determining analytical points of entry, arenas of theory and praxis, and normative positioning. These questions are explored by examining the privileged place of the labour process in the development of agro‐food studies and, as a more specific illustration, in analyses of agro‐biotechnology. It is suggested that the modernist ontological priorities embedded in the unreconstructed conceptualization of the labour process not only have been ignored but also have found an unexamined place in post‐structuralist agrarian political economy. The discussion closes by reviewing the strengths and weaknesses of actor‐network theory as an alternative avenue of critical engagement with the 'new' bio‐politics of agro‐food networks.

The Centre for World Food Studies is developing price
endogenous models focusing on agriculture and incorporating detailed
agronomic information. Moreover, the structure of these models is such
that they can be linked in order to represent international trade,
resulting in a global equilibrium. The developing country models
emphasize and analyze the problem of small and landless farmers, the
role of possible ecological constraints, and the changes in the
distribution of income between agriculture and non-agriculture as well
as within agriculture. Model alternatives can be analyzed through
changes in various parameters, e.g. direct and indirect tax rates,
tariffs, buffer stocks, import and export quotas. A brief outline of the
Thailand model is presented.

"In food, as in death, we feel the essential brotherhood of man."Vietnamese ProverbThis paper explores whether or not there is an identifiably Vietnamese national cuisine, one in which the ingredients, recipes, and/or dishes socially, culturally, and politically unite Vietnamese people. It contends that Vietnam, with its long history of foreign invaders, its own appropriation of the middle and southern regions, and its varied regional geographies, provides a critical example for Food Studies of the need to interrogate the idea of a national cuisine and to differentiate it from regional and local cuisines. The paper examines how cookbook authors and cooking schools have more generally sought to represent Vietnamese dishes as national, but that there is a strong argument against the claim of a Vietnamese national cuisine. We advocate a Food Studies methodology that creates an effective pedagogy that explores whether or not national populations are unified as single gastro-states or atomized by a plurality of regional cuisines. Through experiential assignments and student work we illustrate how Food Studies presents the pedagogical opportunity for students to study and learn at the intersection of national politics and the everyday lives of people, providing a framework for understanding connections of labor, gender, class, and, essentially, taste, among many other values. In the case of Vietnamese food, the critical details of ingredients, preparation, and consumption both reveal and conceal truths about the Vietnamese people.

L'intérêt des sciences sociales et humaines pour l'alimentation s'est développé quasi simultanément dans les univers anglophones et francophones, mais selon des chemins différents. À partir des années 2000 se développe en effet dans le monde anglo-saxon un mouvement appelé food studies qui opère sur le modèle des cultural studies un recentrage thématique pluridisciplinaire, à l'opposé de l'approche européenne, et notamment française, qui privilégie une perspective ouverte à l'interdisciplinarité mais disciplinairement ancrée. Cet article identifie trois polarisations disciplinaires : la première sur la socio-anthropologie, la deuxième sur l'histoire et les civilisations et la troisième sur la géographie et l'agriculture. Il se propose d'analyser les dynamiques internes et externes à l'oeuvre derrière cette rapide thématisation des études sur l'alimentation. Il étudie les relations qui se tissent entre les food studies et les différents ancrages disciplinaires, les jeux de complémentarité, de concurrences, mais aussi les risques et enjeux épistémologiques pour ces deux voies de développement des études sur l'alimentation.