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3: Economic Crises in England, 1270-1520: A Statistical Approach: Mark Casson and Catherine CassonIntroduction; Sources of data; Statistical methodology: identifying a crisis; Statistical methodology: stochastic trends; Statistical methodology: causation; Results from the simultaneous equation model; Conclusions; Notes; Part II: Agriculture and Environment; 4: Flogging a Dead Cow: Coping with Animal Panzootic on the Eve of the Black Death: Philip Slavin; Climatic change and animal disease; Scab of 1279-80 and rinderpest of 1319-20; Responses to animal diseases: religious

Climate change is widely agreed to be one the greatest challenges facing society today. Mitigating and adapting to it is certain to require new ways of living. Thus far efforts to promote less resource-intensive habits and routines have centred on typically limited understandings of individual agency, choice and change. This book shows how much more the social sciences have to offer. The contributors to Sustainable Practices: Social Theory and Climate Change come from different disciplines – sociology, geography, economics and philosophy – but are alike in taking social theories of practice as a common point of reference. This volume explores questions which arise from this distinctive and fresh approach: how do practices and material elements circulate and intersect? how do complex infrastructures and systems form and break apart? how does the reproduction of social practice sustain related patterns of inequality and injustice? This collection shows how social theories of practice can help us understand what societal transitions towards sustainability might involve, and how they might be achieved. It will be of interest to students and researchers in sociology, environmental studies, geography, philosophy and economics, and to policy makers and advisors working in this field.

"This book explores the discourses, debates, and discussions about migrants from historical and contemporary perspectives. Migration is increasing particularly amongst internally displaced persons, asylum seekers, and refugees to other countries. It provides relevant research on the impact of political and social elements as contributory factor to human migration and the current refugee crisis globally"--

The article deals with the use of metacommunicative pragmatic markers in the gender aspect, taking into account the social roles of the speaker. The research is carried out based on the data of the ORD corpus of Russian Everyday Speech, known as 'One Speaker's Day', which contains transcripts of audio recordings obtained under natural conditions. The subsample includes about 200 thousand words. It features episodes of 'speaker's days' of 15 women and 15 men belonging to three age groups. The informants act in various social roles, opposed by the principle of symmetry/asymmetry. Pragmatic annotation of the material and further discursive analysis have demonstrated that metacommunication is actively used in the speech of the informants, but it is much more common for the women's speech. The men use markers of this type with specific speech tasks, for example, for a refusal (slushay / u menya net deneg <look / I have no money>); in the women's speech, the variability of metacommunicative markers is wider but there is no functional diversity. This confirms the observations of linguists, obtained from the material of various languages, that women tend to cooperate and maintain dialogue to a greater extent than men. From the perspective of feminist linguistics, this feature of female speech is directly related to the issues of the women's dependent position since it reflects their passivity and the habit of yielding. However, more than half of the detected uses belong to the speech of women of the older age group (from 55 years old) who communicate with relatives and friends, while in the younger age group the metacommunicative pragmatic markers become multifunctional and also act in speech as a start marker.

"This book explains the role of social marketing in triggering behavioral change towards better environmental, health and social outcomes It discusses different social marketing methodologies and designs that can be used to engage with stakeholders. It explores the role of government in protecting public health and the commons"--

Globalization, environmental change, and social history : an introduction /Peter Boomgaard and Marjolein 't Hart --The El Dorado of forestry : the eucalyptus in India, South Africa, and Thailand, 1850-2000 /Brett M. Bennett --The Mid-Atlantic islands : a theatre of early modern ecocide? /Stefan Halikowski Smith --Environmental change and globalization in seventeenth-century France : Dutch traders and the draining of French wetlands (Arles, Petit Poitou) /Raphael Morera --The colonial famine plot : slavery, free trade, and empire in the French Atlantic, 1763-1791 /Joseph Horan --Environmental changes, the emergence of a fuel market, and the working conditions of salt makers in Bengal, c.1780-1845 /Sayako Kanda --Industrial life in a limiting landscape : an environmental interpretation of Stalinist Social conditions in the far north /Andy Bruno --"Pumpkins just got in there": gender and generational conflict and "improved" agriculture in colonial Zimbabwe /Guy Thompson --Hydro-businesses : national and global demands on the São Francisco River Basin environment of Brazil /Lucigleide Nery Nascimento and Mimi Larsen Becker.

Tout pays pose un certain nombre de problèmes de base. Us se rammènent à quatre groupes principaux: Politique, Administratif, Social et Economique.Quelle est la position d'Haiti, face à ees problèmes?Depuis 1804, et bien avant, nous nous sommes toujours oceupés de politique, ou de ce que nous appelons tel. S'applique plus adéquatement a nous, Haitiens, ce mot d'Aristotle: "L'homme est un animal politique."Le politique est tout ce qui concerne l'organisation de 1'Etat, l'exercice de ses pouvoirs, des droits et des obligations des citoyens pour la raison qu'iis vivent en groupes, sous une autorité donée. Le politique peut se démembrer et s'appliquer à différentes fins.

Forward / by Michalinos Zembylas -- Re-searching Margins: An Introduction -- Select Literature: Re-view|Re-new -- Research Narrative 1: Islam, Muslim communities, sexuality education and schooling: A delicate balancing act -- Research Narrative 2: A Story/ing of Ethics: Navigating Connection, Obligation and Mess as Re-invention -- Research Narrative 3: A feminist approach to research ethics: How does a white, atheist, feminist engage in research with Muslim women? -- Research Narrative 4: Ethical research in Disability studies in education -- Working towards ethical research: A Discussion -- Conclusion: Where to from here?

Perspectives from philosophy, psychology religious studies, economics, and law on the possible future of robot-human sexual relationships. Sexbots are coming. Given the pace of technological advances, it is inevitable that realistic robots specifically designed for people's sexual gratification will be developed in the not-too-distant future. Despite popular culture's fascination with the topic, and the emergence of the much-publicized Campaign Against Sex Robots, there has been little academic research on the social, philosophical, moral, and legal implications of robot sex. This book fills the gap, offering perspectives from philosophy, psychology, religious studies, economics, and law on the possible future of robot-human sexual relationships. Contributors discuss what a sex robot is, if they exist, why we should take the issue seriously, and what it means to "have sex" with a robot. They make the case for developing sex robots, arguing for their beneficial nature, and the case against it, on religious and moral grounds; they consider the subject from the robot's perspective, addressing such issues as consent and agency; and they ask whether it is possible for a human to form a mutually satisfying, loving relationship with a robot. Finally, they speculate about the future of human-robot sexual interaction, considering the social acceptability of sex robots and the possible effect on society.

How do we make sense of digitizing cultures? : some ways of thinking through the culture-technology matrix -- How is the digital world made? : the designer/worker/user production cycle -- What's new about digitized identities? : mobile bodies, online disguise, cyberbullying and virtual communities -- Has digital culture killed privacy? : social media, governments and digitized surveillance -- Is everybody equal online? digitizing gender, ethnicity, dis/ability and sexual orientation -- Sexploration and/or sexploitation? : digitizing desire -- Tools for democracy or authoritarianism? : digitized politics and the post-truth era -- Are digital games making us violent, or will they save the world? virtual play, real impact -- Are students getting dumber as their phones get smarter? : e-learning, edutainment, and the future of knowledge sharing -- Who in the world is online? : digital inclusions and exclusions -- Conclusion: will robots and ais take over the world? hope, hype and possible digitized futures -- Works cited -- Glossary -- Index

Data are presented on the verbal and performance (non-verbal) IQs of a sample of university scientists, their surviving fathers and male sibs.Although mean IQs differ between scientific disciplines the disciplines do not differentially attract scientists from particular socio-economic classes.The verbal IQs of both the scientists and their fathers are positively correlated with socio-economic class but only in the fathers' sample is the performance IQ/class correlation significant. The variance of both verbal and performance IQs increases from Class I to Class IIIM. The overall estimate of heritability for the verbal IQ is higher than that for the performance IQ.Verbal and performance IQs are related to the distance the scientists have moved on the socio-economic scale. The effects of social mobility on the genetic and environmental components of the verbal and performance IQ phenotypic variances are discussed.