Suchergebnisse

This paper proposes a framework for designing optimal food price stabilisation policies in a self-sufficient developing country. It uses a rational expectations storage model with risk-averse consumers and incomplete markets. Government stabilises food prices by carrying public stock and by applying a state-contingent subsidy/tax to production. The policy rules are designed to maximise intertemporal welfare. The optimal policy under commitment crowds out all private stockholding activity by removing the profit opportunity from speculation. The countercyclical subsidy/tax to production helps price stabilisation by subsidising production in periods of scarcity and by taxing it in periods of glut. It contributes little to welfare gains, most of which come from stabilisation achieved through public storage. ; Cet article propose un cadre d'analyse de politique optimale de stabilisation des prix alimentaires dans un pays en développement auto-suffisant. Il utilise un modèle de stockage à anticipations rationnelles avec des consommateurs averses au risque et des marchés incomplets. Le gouvernement stabilise les prix alimentaires par du stockage public et en appliquant une règle contingente de subvention/taxe à la production. Les règles de décision publique sont conçues pour maximiser le bien-être. La politique optimale avec engagement de l'état évince toute activité de stockage privé du fait qu'elle réduit les opportunités de profit spéculatif. La subvention/taxe contracyclique à la production aide à la stabilisation des prix en subventionnant la production en période de rareté et en la taxant en période d'abondance. Elle contribue peu aux gains de bien-être, qui proviennent majoritairement de la stabilisation apportée par le stockage public.

This report discusses about Farm to food dynamics. It also discusses about an array of cost that are layered on top of the price of a raw agricultural commodity at each stage of the marketing chain as it moves to the consumer.

This report discusses heightened commodity price volatility. It also discusses an array of cost that is layered on top of the price of a raw agricultural commodity at each stage of the marketing chain as it moves to the customer.

The agriculture system is under pressure to increase production every year as global population expands and more people move from a diet mostly made up of grains, to one with more meat, dairy and processed foods. This book uses a decade of primary research to examine how weather and climate, as measured by variations in the growing season using satellite remote sensing, has affected agricultural production, food prices and access to food in food-insecure regions of the world. The author reviews environmental, economics and multidisciplinary research to describe the connection betwee.

This report provides information on the current status and outlook for U.S. food prices, measuring their changes and how such changes relate to U.S. consumers.

Classification JEL : D52; Q11; Q18 ; This paper proposes a framework for designing optimal food price stabilisation policies in a self-sufficient developing country. It uses a rational expectations storage model with risk-averse consumers and incomplete markets. Government stabilises food prices by carrying public stock and by applying a state-contingent subsidy/tax to production. The policy rules are designed to maximise intertemporal welfare. The optimal policy under commitment crowds out all private stockholding activity by removing the profit opportunity from speculation. The countercyclical subsidy/tax to production helps price stabilisation by subsidising production in periods of scarcity and by taxing it in periods of glut. It contributes little to welfare gains, most of which come from stabilisation achieved through public storage. ; Cet article propose un cadre d'analyse de politique optimale de stabilisation des prix alimentaires dans un pays en développement auto-suffisant. Il utilise un modèle de stockage à anticipations rationnelles avec des consommateurs averses au risque et des marchés incomplets. Le gouvernement stabilise les prix alimentaires par du stockage public et en appliquant une règle contingente de subvention/taxe à la production. Les règles de décision publique sont conçues pour maximiser le bien-être. La politique optimale avec engagement de l'état évince toute activité de stockage privé du fait qu'elle réduit les opportunités de profit spéculatif. La subvention/taxe contracyclique à la production aide à la stabilisation des prix en subventionnant la production en période de rareté et en la taxant en période d'abondance. Elle contribue peu aux gains de bien-être, qui proviennent majoritairement de la stabilisation apportée par le stockage public.

Classification JEL : D52; Q11; Q18 ; This paper proposes a framework for designing optimal food price stabilisation policies in a self-sufficient developing country. It uses a rational expectations storage model with risk-averse consumers and incomplete markets. Government stabilises food prices by carrying public stock and by applying a state-contingent subsidy/tax to production. The policy rules are designed to maximise intertemporal welfare. The optimal policy under commitment crowds out all private stockholding activity by removing the profit opportunity from speculation. The countercyclical subsidy/tax to production helps price stabilisation by subsidising production in periods of scarcity and by taxing it in periods of glut. It contributes little to welfare gains, most of which come from stabilisation achieved through public storage. ; Cet article propose un cadre d'analyse de politique optimale de stabilisation des prix alimentaires dans un pays en développement auto-suffisant. Il utilise un modèle de stockage à anticipations rationnelles avec des consommateurs averses au risque et des marchés incomplets. Le gouvernement stabilise les prix alimentaires par du stockage public et en appliquant une règle contingente de subvention/taxe à la production. Les règles de décision publique sont conçues pour maximiser le bien-être. La politique optimale avec engagement de l'état évince toute activité de stockage privé du fait qu'elle réduit les opportunités de profit spéculatif. La subvention/taxe contracyclique à la production aide à la stabilisation des prix en subventionnant la production en période de rareté et en la taxant en période d'abondance. Elle contribue peu aux gains de bien-être, qui proviennent majoritairement de la stabilisation apportée par le stockage public.

We examine the effects that variations in the international food prices have on democracy and intra-state conflict using panel data for over 120 countries during the period 1970-2007. Our main finding is that in Low Income Countries increases in the international food prices lead to a significant deterioration of democratic institutions and a significant increase in the incidence of anti-government demonstrations, riots, and civil conflict. In the High Income Countries variations in the international food prices have no significant effects on democratic institutions and measures of intra-state conflict. Our empirical results point to a significant externality of variations in international food prices on Low Income Countries' social and political stability.

The purpose of the study is to identify the factors affecting food prices in Pakistan. The findings reveal that there is a negative and significant impact of the real effective exchange rate on wheat prices in the long run. Similarly, the real interest rate affects wheat and rice prices indirectly, while it has a direct impact on tea prices. There is a positive and significant impact of international crude oil prices and international food prices on most food commodities. Moreover, the study explains that in the long run, the increase in local production significantly reduces the prices of food commodities. It is also found that the government policy of adjusting (increasing) wheat support prices also has a positive and significant impact on wheat prices.