Suchergebnisse

Intisari— Emisi karbon terbesar berasal dari residu yang ditinggalkan dari aktivitas manusia. Pada volume besar dan tak terkendali, emisi ini menjadi penyebab utama pemanasan global. Sumbangsih emisi gas buang juga bersumber dari aktivitas sehari-hari masyarakat. Di negara Indonesia, yang termasuk dalam kategori negara berkembang, aktivitas masyarakat lebih banyak terakumulasi di tingkat desa. Desa Penambangan merupakan desa yang terletak di kabupaten Sidoarjo provinsi Jawa timur yang memiliki luas wilayah kurang lebih 150 Ha dengan jumlah penduduk 5.816 jiwa. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan kajian dengan pendekatan system dynamics bagaimana penanganan sampah di desa tersebut. Model system dynamics yang dihasilkan bisa digunakan untuk bahan pertimbangan pemerintah desa Penambangan dalam menangani sampah. Berdasarkan simulasi model, seiring berjalannya waktu, total tingkat emisi karbon dari sampah desa meningkat rata-rata 10.8% tiap bulan. Dengan melakukan penanganan sampah organing yang lebih komprehensif, emisi karbon berkurang hingga 90.4% dibandingkan kondisi awal di level model. Abstract— The largest carbon emissions come from residues of human activities. In large and uncontrolled volumes, these cause global warming. As an accumulation, The emissions also come from the daily activities of the community. In developing countries such as Indonesia, community activities are mostly accumulated at the village level. "Penambangan" is one of villages located in Sidoarjo, East Java, which has an area of approximately 150 hectares with a population of 5,816 people. In this study, a system dynamics approach was carried out on how to handle waste in the village. The resulting model can be used by local government for consideration in handling them. Based on the model simulation, the total level of carbon emissions of the community increased by an average of 10.8% per month. By carrying out more comprehensive handling of waste, carbon emissions are reduced by 90.4% compared to the initial conditions at the model level.

The enactment of regulatory reform on political parties has made the development of political parties in Indonesia very rapid. The birth of political parties is based on the freedom of society to establish political parties as a result of the multiparty system that was implemented in Indonesia in 1999 so that since that year hundreds of parties have been able to stand freely. The triumph of the National Awakening Party at the National Level continued in the adaptation of regional politics, especially in Sidoarjo Regency which had a very large Nahdlatul Ulama era base so that it became the ruling political party. This research is a descriptive qualitative study by selecting the coverage area in Sidoarjo Regency which is the basis for the PKB Sidoarjo victory period. The primary data in this study are based on the results of interviews by the actors from PKB Sidoarjo during the 2000-2015 period, which are juxtaposed with several documents or archives as secondary data from this study. The method used is the historical research method, namely Heuristic, Source Criticism, Meaning Interpretation and Historiography. The result of the research that the data produced is authentic evidence of the synergy built by PKB Sidoarjo and NU Sidoarjo in implementing the political climate in Sidoarjo Regency. This synergy is only limited to the influence of NU as a facilitator for the founding of this party and does not show the re-existence of NU to enter into political circles directly. These two important elements make the control of political conditions in Sidoarjo Regency the basis of NU's strength in East Java. Utilization of the relationship and all lines of NU and PKB Sidoarjo is what makes PKB Sidoarjo the sole party ruling the political stage in Sidoarjo Regency. Keywords: Political Synergy, Community Culture, Politics.

ABSTRACT: The international debate regarding the appropriate institutional and financial formulas and mechanisms in the framework of REDD+, SMF and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries continues. REDD+ is a concept of reducing greenhouse gas emissions caused by the conversion of forest functions to non-forestry, massive deforestation, resulting in a decrease in the quantity and quality of forests in developing countries, especially rainforest countries such as Indonesia, Brazil, Malaysia, which impact on decreasing the quality and quantity of O2. Indonesia has become an active player in the project. However, in the midst of this debate, the issue of certainty over tenurial rights over land and forest resources for indigenous peoples is still marginalized. This study was conducted using a socio-legal approach to protected forest communities in Alas Purwo - Banyuwangi, East Java. With the theories of social sciences, ecology, and customary law, it is found that indigenous peoples who depend on the forest, namely the people who live around the forest, consider that the forest is not only a source of livelihood, but also as a habitat in which they forming communities and civilizations. However, there is a single view that forests are a source of wealth economically. Therefore, forests as a source of regional economy through regional autonomy and increased local revenue continue to be exploited without paying attention to the tenure rights of indigenous peoples. That is the source of the conflict which becomes a time bomb with a devastating explosion if social, cultural and political communication is not immediately carried out to understand the mindset of indigenous peoples and reduce excessive forest exploitation. Finally, it was suggested that discussion of the rights of indigenous peoples living in rainforests should also discuss legal, economic and political protection. KEYWORDS: Indigenous Peoples, Tenurial Rights, REDD+.

This paper tries to explore the basic of cosmopolitant thinking of Abdurrahman Wahid or better known as Gus Dur. Abdurrahman Wahid's thinking has a holistic spectrum, for example the relation between Islam and democracy, religion and the state, economic people movement, struggle for human rights and anti-violence, struggle for the existence of nation state and except the Pancasila as the guidence of the plural and multicultural Indonesian society. From his several idea's and concepts above, actually can't be separated from Islamic universality and local wisdom particularity around society. Religious style of Indonesia has its own peculiarities. It appears on the different shades of Islamic archipelago from other coutries in the Middle East. It deals with the uniqueness of the treasures of the experience and practice of the Indonesian as their adherents. Due to the historical background of the existence of cultural experiences and religious belief of its predecessors from the different shades between Islam Indonesia and Islam from other countries existed. In carrying out Islam, they always maintain its normative religious values based on al-Qur'an and al-Hadith. In addition they also carry out historical teachings, in wich the role of spiritual values, inner values (esoteric) in religion, especially the values of human morality has become a very urgent principle in his life. As religion that carry out a mission of universal humanity, Islam must be adapted with any cultural and local wisdom in the world. The universal principles of Islam, for the example equality, openes attitude, brotherhoods, love each other, peacefull, justice, sovereignity of law, and respectfully each others, was cosmopolitant civilization values of Islam. From this research, founded that the basic of cosmopolitant thinking Gus Dur has clearly and fix references. From this starting point Gus Dur tried to spread it on nationally and globally. Clearly, Islam within, was inherent with universality and particularity values.

Pariwisata di Indonesia pada dasawarsa ini mulai menunjukkan perkembangan dan pertumbuhan menjadi sebuah industri yang menjadikan peluang bagi negara dan daerah untuk mendapatkan manfaat dari multiplier effect pariwisata. Banyuwangi salah satu kabupaten di Jawa Timur, yang memiliki beragam potensi wisata dan berusaha menjadikan daerahnya menjadi destinasi wisatawan nusantara maupun mancanegara. Mustahil tujuan itu. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dengan pemanfaatan IT, Pemerintah Kabupaten Banyuwangi terus berusaha mengoptimalkan seluruh potensi sumberdaya yang dimiliki, termasuk pengembangan SDM. Kemajuan teknologi juga dimanfaatkan untuk menunjang pelayanan publik yang efisien melalui berbagai program inovasi. Di samping promosi dan pemasaran berbasis media online melalui aplikasi banyuwangi tourism Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Banyuwangi terus bersinergi dengan berbagai lembaga baik instansi pemerintahan, agent travel maupun kelompok sadar wisata serta membentuk Banyuwangi Social Media Team yang didalam terdiri dari berbagai lapisan pelaku pariwisata. Tourism in Indonesia in this decade began to show development and growth into an industry that made opportunities for countries and regions to benefit from the multiplier effect of tourism. Banyuwangi is one of the regencies in East Java, which has a variety of tourism potentials and is trying to make the area a tourist destination for the archipelago and abroad. The results of this research are the use of IT, Banyuwangi district government continues to try to optimize all the potential of its resources, including human resource development. Technological advancements are also utilized to support efficient public services through various innovation programs. besides promotion and marketing based on online media through the Banyuwangi tourism application the Banyuwangi tourism office and culture continue to synergize with various institutions both government agencies, travel agents and tourism awareness groups and form a banyuwangi social media team which consists of various layers of tourism actors.

Anarchism and other forms of violence committed by religious groups and mass organizations are still very common in Indonesia. There have been violations of human rights, religious freedom and civil liberties, which are essential pillars of democracy. Indonesia, as a country that adheres to religious freedom regards all forms of intolerance as violations of democracy. This study described and explored the views of young cadres of Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in Malang, East Java, about democracy, pluralism and tolerance. This research intended to unravel some of the issues of how young generations of Muhammadiyah and NU understand democracy, pluralism and tolerance and if their views are associated with their social construction. This study employed qualitative methods using interviews and direct observations to collect the data. The results of this study showed there were differences in the patterns between the younger generation and the older generation of Muhammadiyah. The members of Muhammadiyah recognized that the young cadres of Muhammadiyah tended to act more violently towards intolerant mass organizations compared to their senior (old cadre) generation. The senior cadres, such as the Muhammadiyah Youth, were more likely to be calm when responding to the presence of radical organizations. The senior cadres of Muhammadiyah tended to be open-minded with the community organizations that are perceived by the public to be a radical mass organization, which is fundamental in addressing the presence of radical organizations. This view indicated by the absence sense of precariousness or a situation that is considered to be very threatening to religious and national life while still in the corridor of diversity. On the other hand, the younger generation of Nahdlatul Ulama showed a different pattern, revealing that their seniors tended to be harsher in responding to radical organizations and supporting mass organizations.

Togetherness in realizing healthy Indonesia free of narcotics is a global action carried out to improve public health. Narcotics stands for Narcotics, Psychotropic and Other Addictive Materials. Other terms are drugs (narcotics, psychotoprics, and addictive substances). Drug abuse if not handled seriously from an early age, is feared to damage the future of the nation's next generation. This has invited the attention of the Indonesian government by making the implementing regulation of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, namely the restructuring of the National Narcotics Agency institutions in the Prevention and Eradication of Drug Abuse and Illicit Circulation (P4GN). Preventive measures in drug abuse can be done by detecting the content of drugs in the body. Urine is one of the samples most often used to examine the types of drug substances because it is considered the most accurate with the target, namely students, employees and the general public so that many urine test activities that use rapid tests. This research is a kind of qualitative descriptive and observational research. The study was conducted by collecting secondary data, observation, question and answer and participation. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the report on the results of the activities of the section on prevention and community empowerment of the BNN East Java Province in 2017 shows the total activities carried out, namely times. In 2018, until August 2018 it is known that 220 activities have been carried out 220 times. The P2M field has implemented a full health promotion strategy, namely by using advocacy methods, fostering atmosphere and empowerment. Based on the results of observations and interviews conducted in urine testing activities at the Customs Office in Surabaya the urine test examination stage is in accordance with the technical guidelines in the field of community participation.

Anarchism and other forms of violence committed by religious groups and mass organizations are still very common in Indonesia. There have been violations of human rights, religious freedom and civil liberties, which are essential pillars of democracy. Indonesia, as a country that adheres to religious freedom regards all forms of intolerance as violations of democracy. This study described and explored the views of young cadres of Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in Malang, East Java, about democracy, pluralism and tolerance. This research intended to unravel some of the issues of how young generations of Muhammadiyah and NU understand democracy, pluralism and tolerance and if their views are associated with their social construction. This study employed qualitative methods using interviews and direct observations to collect the data. The results of this study showed there were differences in the patterns between the younger generation and the older generation of Muhammadiyah. The members of Muhammadiyah recognized that the young cadres of Muhammadiyah tended to act more violently towards intolerant mass organizations compared to their senior (old cadre) generation. The senior cadres, such as the Muhammadiyah Youth, were more likely to be calm when responding to the presence of radical organizations. The senior cadres of Muhammadiyah tended to be openminded with the community organizations that are perceived by the public to be a radical mass organization, which is fundamental in addressing the presence of radical organizations. This view indicated by the absence sense of precariousness or a situation that is considered to be very threatening to religious and national life while still in the corridor of diversity. On the other hand, the younger generation of Nahdlatul Ulama showed a different pattern, revealing that their seniors tended to be harsher in responding to radical organizations and supporting mass organizations.

Abstract: Attitudes Toward Extensive Reading Among English Teachers of Senior High Schools. This survey aims to investigate the attitudes of 32 English teachers of public senior high schools in a district in East Java Province, Indonesia, toward Extensive Reading (ER) as one of the ways of improv­ing reading habit, covering the teachers' cognitive, behavioral, and affective attitudes. Questionnaires in the form of closed-ended and open-ended questions were used as the main instrument to collect the da­ta, complemented with interviews with sampled teachers to gain more in-depth understanding of the phenomena under study. The results show that cognitively, most English teachers have positive cogni­tive attitudes, which implies good understanding of ER. The teachers' affective attitudes also reflect their eagerness to know more about implementing ER and to find ways of solving potential problems. However, in terms of behavioral attitudes, the data show that the teachers are still in doubt to conduct ER program due to several problems, such as time allotment, reading resources, students' motivation, curriculum and school programs, learning assessment, and school rules. The findings imply the need for policy makers at school and government's educational agencies, as well as experts in the field to help support the teachers in setting up ER program at schools by addressing the issues that teachers are con­cerned with.Abstrak: Sikap Guru Bahasa Inggris Sekolah Menengah Atas Terhadap Membaca Ekstensif. Studi survei ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki sikap (kognitif, konatif, dan afektif) dari 32 guru bahasa Inggris Sekolah Menengah Atas di salah satu kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia, terhadap mem­baca ekstensif sebagai salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kebiasaan membaca. Kuesioner dalam bentuk pertanyaan tertutup dan terbuka digunakan sebagai instrumen utama untuk mengumpulkan data, serta dilengkapi dengan wawancara dengan guru sampel untuk mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam tentang fenomena yang diteliti. Hasil ...

Tulisan ini menggambarkan tentang terjadinya peristiwa G 30 septemberyang sempat mengguncang kehidupan politik Indonesia yang berakibat pula terhadap kehidupan sosial, ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya di Daerah Nusa Tenggara Barat yaitu Desa Labuhan Haji Kecamatan Labuhan Haji Kabupaten Lombok Timur ikut merasakan dampak dari peristiwa G 30 september tahun 1965. Sebelum terjadinya G 30 September masyarakat Labuhan Haji pernah melakukan hubungan sosial, ekonomi dan budaya dengan Etnis Cina, hubungan tersebut tidak berjalan lama, pada tahun 1965 para pengusaha Cina diusir secara paksa oleh masyarakat Lombok, karena dianggap sebagai antek PKI, hal ini disebabkan karena di Negara Cina berkembang partai Komunis. Karena adanya peristiwa G 30 september tahun 1965 para pengusaha Cina yang ada di Desa Labuhan Haji di curigai sebagai antek PKI dan diusir dari daerah Labuhan Haji yang mengakibatkan terpuruknya kehidupan masyarakat Labuhan Haji dan sekitarnya khususnya masyarakat Desa Labuhan Haji. This paper describes the occurrence of the events of G 30 September which had shook the Indonesian political life that also affected the social, economic and cultural life of Indonesian people, especially in West Nusa Tenggara, Labuhan Haji, Labuhan Haji Sub-District, East Lombok Regency, felt the impact of the September 30, 1965 G. events. September Labuhan Haji community once conducted social, economic and cultural relations with the Ethnic Chinese, the relationship did not go long, in 1965 Chinese businessmen were forcibly expelled by Lombok society, because it is considered as PKI's henchman, this is because in the developing Chinese Party Communist. Because of the events of G 30 September 1965 the Chinese businessmen in Labuhan Haji Village were suspected of being PKI's henchmen and expelled from Labuhan Haji area which resulted in the decline of Labuhan Haji and surrounding communities, especially the people of Labuhan Haji Village.

Indonesia cluster regions have unique geographical and topographical characteristics also have potential for natural disasters. Potential for natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions, earthquake, tsunami, flood and landslide happen almost in every place in Indonesia. In the past, the handling for natural disasters still use rigid and centralized hierarchy bureaucracy approach which has not been able to handle the disasters and handle post disasters appropriately. The decentralization spirit changes handling natural disasters paradigm which giving authority toward regions government to manage the disasters in its territory. However, the big challenge is to synchronize every regions governments perception that natural disasters in regions can be manage only with one institution or region government according to territory border. The natural disasters management which include the pre disasters and post disasters need together management by several government stratum based on intergovernmental networks. The writer used inductive approach method which allow to describing of the result of analysis study of the possibility of cooperative effort between regions through Regional Disaster Department (BPBD) in several areas in East Java that are Malang region, Kediri, Pasuruan and Bojonegoro by knowing the standard and policy/program/activity target, the condition of resource, and the condition social politic and economy. The result of study analysis about handling the disaster have conclusion that the handling effort pre disaster and post disaster are very multi-dimensional. In the context of government authority, handling of disaster not only handle by one region government. This is where the concept of cooperation between regions (intergovernmental networks) in important to be expanded at the local level. The cooperation between local regions have potency the capacity of region government in order to share experiences, share advantages and share task/assessment together in improving the function of public services in each region government. Then, the result of study analysis also concludes the importance to strengthening BPBD institutions to facilitate the cooperation between governments in local regions in order of handling the disasters.

Abstract- A political regime generally possesses an identity and has insight into nationally idealistic cultural values. Its expression can be observed in the art and physical architecture that blossoms in its era. This insight gives birth to national identity. The formation of national identity itself originated from several dimensions, namely the sub-national dimension, the personal dimension, and the supra-national dimension. In the transition between the Netherland-East Indies and the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia as a new country possessed ideals in the formation of physical architectures that can represent its national identity. This insight is realized in detail within nation-building and character-building ideas within several mega-projects pioneered by the Old-Order government. One of them was the Istiqlal Mosque as a national house of worship. The expression of Istiqlal Mosque architecture cannot be separated from the dimensions of national identity formation in architecture. The focus of this research is on the observation of Istiqlal Mosque architecture. Indicators of the national identity's expression in Istiqlal Mosque architecture are: the discussion of national-identity dimensions in architecture (national-identity dimension – sub-national dimension, national-identity dimension – personal identity and national-identity dimension- supra-national identity). The discussions of expression in architecture that can be achieved through visual composition formation are (a) domination, (b) repetition, and (C) continuity in composition of one architectural object. The object of architecture was further examined, arranged by form and material, general design principles, contextual relations, and physical, semantic and spatial organization of an architectural object. The Istiqlal Mosque is one example of an architectural product from the previous political regime that can profoundly and critically sharpen our thoughts concerning the Indonesian nation's identity on the national and state level. Keywords: national identity, nation-building and character-building, sub-national dimension, personal dimension, supra-national dimension, Istiqlal Mosque

United State Census (based on the BPS rate Indonesia) Indonesia experienced a trend of rising population aged above 65 years old. Of the elderly population distribution according to the provinces, the percentage of elderly residents in the province of Yogyakarta special region of 14.02%, 10.99% Central Java, East Java and Bali 1A,92% 6.95%. The number of pain (morbidity) of elderly increases, 28% in 2003, 29.9% in 2005, 19.3% in 2007, and 301% in 2009. Quality improvement in terms of biological and psychosocial needs so that they can enjoy a better life, and support preventive action, as well as promotive health in Primary Health Care according to the paradigm of healthy. One effort that can be done is with a program of Posyandu for elderly. Posyandu for elderly (Age Group) is a health service place for the elderly in the community where the process of the establishment and their implementation is carried out by the community with non-governmental organizations Government and cross-sector nongovernment, private, charitable organizations and others, in a series of efforts aimed at servicing and preventive promotive. ln the activities of the knowledge and attitude about posyandu for elderly is very influential to the liveliness of the posyandu presence. The purpose of this research is to determine the correlations of the level of knowledge and attitude of elderly with posyandu for elderly participation. This type of research using the method of research studies the correlation (Correlation Study) and the design is observational/survey. The samples in the study totaled 67 elderly in Posyandu for elderly RW 4 Wards of Wirogunan. The instruments used for data collection in this study is a questionnaire and secondary data or documentation. Multivariate data analysis using logistic regression test. the result is PR value relationship level of knowledge and attitudes of elderly with participation in Posyandu for elderly through Logistic regression showed the 3.252 for the level of knowledge ta 2.990 for attitudes

This study seeks to analyze the change of US security policy in Southeast Asia from the Clinton to Bush administrations. The main aim of the study is to examine the position of Southeast Asia in US security policy and changes in US security policy toward Southeast Asia between the two administrations at both regional and bilateral levels. Besides examining the US security approach to regional institutions like ASEAN and ARF, the study especially concentrates on the US security approach to some ASEAN members - The Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia - as well as interactions between the United States and these countries in terms of security. The main argument of this study is that since the end of the Cold War, Southeast Asia has occupied an important position in US security strategy though it was far from being the highest priority in US foreign policy. During the Clinton administration and in the context of the post-Cold War environment which saw the decline of American economic power, the dynamic economic and political development of East Asia, and the existence of hot spots like North Korean and Taiwan, the United States supported the establishment of the ARF and strengthened its alliance with several ASEAN members, including the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore and Indonesia. With the goal to form a 'New Pacific Community', the US had strategic interests in keeping Southeast Asia stable and preventing the emergence of a potential adversary in the future. To implement the security pillar in the Clinton Doctrine, the US provided military assistance to, and increased military exercises with the ASEAN states. During this period, the China factor was also a key element contributing to the change of the US relationship with the region. In the post-Cold War, the US has seen many challenges posed by China, especially from China's military modernization program. Moreover, China's activities in the South China Sea during the 1990s also contributed to the strengthening of bilateral relations ...

This article provides a conceptual framework for understanding middle powers based on foreign policy role theory. It argues that role theory helps to reconcile existing approaches rooted in functional, behavioural, hierarchical and rhetorical definitions. Role theory has been usefully applied to the study of other statuses, such as major and emerging powers in the international system. This article defines a middle power as a type of status that is supported by auxiliary roles recognized by significant others. Roles which middle powers are expected to perform also provide a relational, social identity approach to classifying middle powers as opposed to one that is purely rhetorical or focused on self-conception of status. This article applies this roles-based framework to the case of Indonesia and finds that Southeast Asia's largest country qualifies as a middle power, suggesting it may be usefully applied to classify other middle powers. (Contemp Southeast Asia/GIGA)