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Years ago Harold Berman observed that for many people in the west the term Soviet law represented a contradiction. Popular imagination found little place for law or criminal justice in a society where terror or extralegal coercion played a major role. Yet, as Berman argued, even in Stalin's Russia law and force existed side by side, and there was a "surprising degree of official compartmentalization of the legal and the extra-legal." Berman recognized that the separation of law and terror was no accident; rather it was a product of the regime's commitment to law and the functions it could perform for a stable, conservative social order. Three decades later western Sovietologists are only starting to come to terms with the conservative phase of Stalin's rule; and, despite a fine essay by Robert Sharlet, the promotion of law has yet to be incorporated into the standard portrait of Stalinism. A major reason is the continuation of doubts about the possibilities for law where terror also reigns.

On the thirtieth commemoration of Ukraine's independence, the present condition of the country highlights the necessity of contemplating the historical trajectory that post-Soviet Ukrainian society has traversed. This is not merely a retrospective consideration encompassing the past and present, but also, perhaps more crucially, a forward-looking assessment of Ukraine's future. While Ukraine exhibited a sense of cohesion and significant societal integration shortly after declaring independence, as evidenced by the outcomes of the All-Ukrainian referendum conducted on December 1, 1991, the year 2021 reveals a notable departure from these characteristics (State Archival Service of Ukraine, 2013). Present-day post-Soviet Ukrainian society has become fragmented, marked by discernible social fault lines. As Samuel Huntington (1996) observes, Ukraine is a nation divided along cultural lines, with two distinct civilizations. The fault line between these civilizations, demarcating the West from Orthodoxy, has bisected the nation for centuries (Huntington, 1996). Over the post-Soviet era, Ukraine has experienced a profound transformation in the role of the state, which has rapidly diminished in its capacity to effectively manage the fundamental pillars supporting society. Throughout this period, Ukrainian society has grappled with an enduring systemic crisis. The erstwhile Soviet framework of existence in Ukraine was dismantled, yet efforts to establish a novel system predicated on principles like market economy, human rights, and democracy have encountered significant challenges. While the contemporary Ukrainian society may project an appearance of stability, it conceals vulnerabilities to the deleterious trends stemming from its transformation, which are driven by three primary factors: the state, business entities, and criminal elements.

This collection engages with debates within 'criminology' about matters of colonial power, which have come to be conceptualized through the language of 'decolonization'. It explores the uneasy relationship between the 'criminal question' and colonialism, and foregrounds the relevance of the legacies of this relationship to criminological enquiries. It invites and seeks to pursue a better understanding of the links between imperialism and colonialism on the one hand, and nationalism and globalization on the other, by exposing the imprints of these links on processes of marginalization, racialization, and exclusion that are central to contemporary criminal justice practices within and beyond nation-states. It advances this objective by examining the reverberations of colonial history and logics in the operation of crime control. The volume also aims to explore the critical potential of criminological scholarship, as a field that sits at the margins of several disciplines and perspectives, through a direct engagement with Southern epistemologies and perspectives. To do so, it brings together established and emerging scholars from the humanities and social sciences, who work at the intersections of criminal justice and postcolonial studies.

Throughout its history, the criminal law has developed primarily through judicial interpretation of case law and legislative enactment of statutes. It is only in the recent past that an effort has been made to apply the planning process of standards and goals to the criminal justice system. At the national level, the impetus has come primarily from the American Bar Association (ABA) Project on Standards for Criminal Justice, which has been in existence for over ten years and has been widely publicized, and from the National Advisory Commission (NAC) on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals. In 1971, the NAC stated that the purpose of its standards and goals process was to "formulate for the first time national crimi- nal justice standards and goals for crime reduction and prevention at the state and local levels."

'Criminal Fraud and Election Disinformation' is about the state's approach to fraud and distortion of the truth in politics, especially during election campaigns. Deliberate mischaracterisation of political opponents and their policies has always been a part of politics; however, lying, dishonesty, and distortion of the facts remain morally wrong and have the potential to obstruct important political interests. For example, a false or misleading claim publicised about an election candidate may lead someone to lose an election that they might otherwise have won. So, does - and should - the law seek to provide protection from the risk of this happening, by directly prohibiting the making of false or misleading political claims, or by obliging internet platforms to censor such content?

Acceleration in modern life requires acceleration, including acceleration on the highway. The accumulation of interests that are centralized on this highway creates a conflict of interest that ends in material loss or loss of life. Many road users do not realize that the legal consequences of negligence are categorized as criminal acts because they cause others to suffer. Legal politics the issuance of Law Number 22of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation as an embodiment of criminal policy to provide legal protection and legal certainty for citizens who are casualties of road traffic accidents. Through criminal policy, it is expected that there will be order, smoothness, security in road traffic and legal certainty and legal protection for road users.

The rise of managerialism : the impact of swift and (un)sure justice on disclosure in criminal proceedings / Dr. Ed Johnston -- Something to work with' : contemporary issues with pre-charge police disclosure and the role of the defence lawyer / Stephen Davies and Dr. Ed Johnston with Anthony Edwards -- Changing culture? Thinking differently about police and prosecution disclosure / Dr. Tom Smith -- 'Hidden in plain sight' : the influence of culture on the police approach to disclosure / David Houchin and Nick Caveney -- A search for new solutions to the disclosure problem : behavioural and empirical perspectives / Libby Potten and Fiona McLean -- Uncovering disclosure errors : appeals, innocence projects and the criminal cases review commission / Dr Hannah Quirk.

How the state 'deals with' crime and criminality is a major issue for all students of criminology and criminal justice. This book offers a fresh perspective on the policy making process in the criminal justice system of England and Wales by presenting a detailed overview of both the theory behind it and how it plays out in practise with contemporary policy examples. The key features of this text include a detailed analysis of the basic political concepts surrounding the relationship between the citizen and the state as well as an overview of the state departments, organizations and i.

La reflexión sobre el tema de la víctima escapó al quehacer de los criminólogos hasta fechas relativamente recientes, del mismo modo en que se la relegó dentro del diseño de los procesos penales de corte inquisitivo. Hoy, ella constituye uno de los ejes centrales de la política criminal y es muchas veces en su nombre que se promueven reformas legales sustantivas que tienen como consecuencia una nueva fase expansionista del Derecho Penal, a través de la creación de nuevos tipos delictivos y el incremento desproporcionado de las penas. Este resultado negativo, cuyos pregonados efectos en la disminución de delitos carecen de respaldo científico, volucra el sacrificio de principios fundamentales del Derecho Penal en un Estado democrático y deja de lado la posibilidad de instituir políticas sociales de naturaleza extrapenal, que cumplan funciones de prevención de ciertas formas de delincuencia y de asistencia a las potenciales víctimas o a las que ya sufrieron el delito. El impacto del tema de la víctima en el quehacer legislativo, a través de distintos discursos como el de la inseguridad ciudadana, se relaciona también con el desarrollo de políticas supranacionales para combatir ciertos delitos y las tendencias a la globalización, que requiere estructuras compatibles, incluso en el plano penal, para el fomento y tutela de intereses privados y la disminución del Estado social.

ABSTRACT: The accelerated evolution of technology during all this time has meant for forensic science a bridge from the classic methods of solving cases to modern methods of expertise. Numerous modern forensic identification devices have stormed the field of science in question. The novelty element that represented the beginning of the evolution of technology was the computer, and at the time of its appearance, for forensic specialists, it was a challenge that was determined to be a real success. With the development of the technological field, there is a significant increase in computerized crimes, which could not be controlled and stopped at the same time with the new device, software or program. If yesterday we were working with documents that became archives, where despite the high crime rate, it was equivalent to the rate of solving them. Cybercrime has become a real problem for the authorities, given that documents are stored on servers and they belong to national security, mentioning here about: the personal data of each citizen, financial statistics, military statistics, etc. Disclosing such secrets poses a major risk to national security, and these criminals are called hackers. Against hackers, intelligence forensics have had to find solutions to stop cybercrime in such a short time. One of the modern programs in the software industry is Link Analysis. This program is used for the purpose of discovering valuable knowledge, such as data analysis from the computer systems of the state institutions concerned, namely links to web platforms or civil society. Link Analysis will allow determining their relationship and also will allow the optimization of all search engines (Google, Yahoo, etc.) in the field of medical, forensic or security. Regarding the networking network, the software makes the connection between determining the integrity of the internet connection in each network node and the physical and virtual connections after analyzing the specific data. With the help of this software, forensic ...