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The factors of public administration improvement in the article are being analyzed. These factors aretypical to any public administration institution regardless of its size, performance particularity or level.The goal to diagnose the condition of all public administration institutions in Lithuania was not raised forthis research. For this particular reason, the administrations of Lithuanian district municipalities becamethe object of the empirical research. The diagnosis of the condition of Lithuanian district municipalities'administrations was accomplished. On the basis of theoretical and empirical investigations of the authors,a model of performance improvement of Lithuanian public administration institutions (on the selfgovernmentlevel) was developed.

The purpose of this paper is to present the current state of affairs in the process of adoption of codes ofconduct for local government officials in Serbia. On the basis of a model drafted under the auspices of theSerbian local government association, 130 Serbian municipalities (out of 167) have adopted such codes.The paper tries to picture the environment in which the codes are being adopted, i.e. anti-corruption effortson the national level, the framework in which Serbian local governments function, process of draftingof the model code and consequent adoption in municipalities. Finally, it attempts to present as critical aspossible an evaluation of this process in Serbia, as well as recommend or project further steps necessaryfor internalisation and full implementation of these codes. To achieve the abovementioned, the paper refersto Serbian legislation and adopted codes of conduct, empirical data collected from municipalities,results of surveys and opinion polls conducted in Serbia in the period from 2001 to 2005, data on othercountries available in English, as well as academic texts.

The impact of interbudgetary redistribution of funds on the financial independence of local authorities isanalysed in this article. The authors argue that interbudgetary redistribution of funds in Lithuania proves to bethe important mean retaining the dominance of central government's on the local finances. Transfer paymentsfrom the state budget reflect the central government's policy towards local governments. Financial transfersfrom the state budget reinforce the role of the state institutions in the sub national finances field and restrict thefinancial independence of local governments. Besides this fact, local budget income equalization and revenueredistribution through the state budget does not contribute to the natural development of local financial system.Current problems, their consequences and possible solutions for increasing local financial independence hadbeen analyzed in the article.In order to explore the practice of interbudgetary redistribution in the context of public finance system,categories of the institutionalism theory was chosen. Institutionalism provides a framework for defining thelogic of state and local government institutions interaction in the process of allocating resources. Article exploresthe institutional interests and institutional conflicts in Lithuanian public finance institutional field. Themain conflict arenas are defined as follows: redistribution of local governments' revenues through the statebudget; the domination of special grants in local budgets revenue structure; and special grants for investmentprojects.

Paper analyses management of the police structures and staff training of this public sector organization,which is also regulated by statute, in the context of the New Public Management. Authors analyses theactivities of police structures in western democracies and stress modern tendency- transformation of policefrom providing military services to organization providing assistance for citizens. Training police officersimportant are the following criteria: management competencies, professionalism, human rights and libertyaspect, integration of police training organizations into common system of higher education. One of theconclusions based on the analyses of management of contemporary police structures and staff-trainingtendencies is that modern PA tendencies influence changes occurring in the militarist model of the police. Suchvalues as legality, democracy, efficiency of activity, the principles of the new public management are becomingimportant in the police every day activities.

There is proposed conception of strategic management system in autonomy institutions and there is shown itsunique in this article. Also there are analyzed linear confines of strategic planning methodologies and there arefixed actions which influence creation process of strategic management in the municipalities. There are validatedimportance of rational planning and integration importance of enactment ways of political decisions in the municipalities.With reference to information of sociological poll there is ascertained that system of strategic managementis not versatile, particularly in a point of customer groups. Besides, the results of strategic managementsystem are always satisfactory. There is shown in the article that bureaucracy, dissatisfaction of direction and other personnel by the requirements of strategic management, inflexibility of strategic management process and problemsof advance evaluation mostly reduces the efficiency of strategic management in autonomy institutions.System of strategic management improves communications, motivates personnel to study and improves coordinationof actions in the municipalities. With reference to the facts of research there is made conclusion that thecapability of management and planning are imperfect in municipality, also it is not adequate quality of qualificationclass and training programs of strategic management, and also conclusion of contract with qualified specialistsnot always stands up. Facts, which are supplied in the article, show that municipalities mostly pursue in environmentof programs and health service field, organization of public works and inducement of places of work creationfield and also making conditions to expand the business field. Urban expansion, care of urban facility objects andmodernism of them are the fields, which requires at least strategic stimulate the institutions to attract the investments.

The article proposes the analysis of institutional interaction between local government and nongovernmentalorganizations. The overview of different theoretical positions including institutional networkanalysis and trust concepts allow us creates a theoretical background for further institutional interactionanalysis. Exceptional attention is given to the sociological concept of trust and its functions, the creation oftrust culture in different political systems, especially in democracy. The implementation of project fundingmechanism on local government level is analyzed using methods of empirical survey. The data revealsfollowing problems of institutional interaction between local government and civic sector: lack of civicstandpoint, hierarchical non-flexibility, non-objectivity, individualization, inability of non-governmental sectorto represent their collective interests, the problems of leadership. The proper understanding of institutionalinteraction mechanism on the public policy level is important for the non-government organizations' leaders aswell as for local government representatives.

Die Studie wurde von einem interdisziplinärzusammengesetzten Evaluationsteam aus Politologenund Ökonomen während des Zeitraums 1997bis 2001 angefertigt. Sie richtet sich nach folgendenevaluationstheoretischen Ansätzen: ZielorientierterAnsatz, formative und summative Evaluation sowieImpact-Analyse. Es wurden Datenerhebungen auffünf Ebenen durchgeführt: (1) Reformumsetzungauf der Ebene der politischen Steuerung (zwei Ratskammerndes Eidgenössischen Parlaments), (2)Exekutivebene (Regierung und Ministerien), (3)Ebene der betrieblichen Steuerung (Amtsleitungen),(4) Ebene des betrieblichen Wandels (Mitarbeitende),(5) Wirkungsebene bei Leistungsempfängern(Amtskunden). Die Evaluation untersuchtein einer umfassenden Studie die drei FLAGPilotämterSchweizerische Landestopographie,Schweizerische Meteorologische AnstaltMeteoSchweiz sowie die SozialversicherungskasseZentrale Ausgleichsstelle Genf und als Vergleichsamtin fortgeschrittenerem Reformstadium dasEidgenössische Institut für Geistiges Eigentum.Ergänzend wurden alle restlichen acht FLAG-Amtsstellenin einer weiteren Evaluationsphase einbezogen.Das dafür eingesetzte Evaluationsdesign erhobDaten im Rahmen von 92 teilstrukturierten Interviews,einer Parlamentsumfrage, Kundenbefragungenbei zwei Ämtern, sieben Mitarbeiterbefragungenbei vier Ämtern (inkl. Längsschnittvergleich),Sekundäranalyse von Vergleichdaten aus einerPersonalbefragung der Bundesverwaltung sowieDokumentenanalysen.

[EN] Nano-crystalline MCM-22 zeolite was synthesized in a one-pot procedure by the use of an organosilane (dimethyl-octadecyl-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-ammonium chloride, TPOAC) in the zeolite synthesis gel. This crystal growth inhibition procedure introduced mesopores in the MCM-22 crystallites. The lower mechanical stability of the nano-crystalline MCM-22 zeolite compared with bulk MCM-22 can be countered to some extent by pillaring. The increased external surface of the microporous zeolite domains resulted in increased accessibility of the Bronsted acid sites, as followed from the better performance in liquid-phase benzene alkylation with propylene as compared with bulk MCM-22. The increased accessibility of the internal acid sites in Mo-loaded hierarchical MCM-22 was also evident from the improved benzene selectivity during methane aromatization. Silylation of hierarchical Mo/MCM-22 was detrimental for the catalytic performance in MDA. The nano-crystalline MCM-22 has physico-chemical and catalytic properties intermediate between those of MCM-22 and ITQ-2 with the benefit over ITQ-2 that it can be synthesized in a single step. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ; Funding from the 7th Framework Program of the European Commission through the Collaborative Project Next-GTL (agreement no 229183) and financial support by the Spanish Government-MINECO through "Severo Ochoa" (SEV 2012-0267), Consolider Ingenio 2010-Multicat (CSD2009-00050) and MAT2012-31657 are acknowledged. Marta E. Martinez Armero thanks MINECO for economical support through pre-doctoral fellowship for doctors training (BES-2013-066800). The authors thank B. Esparcia for technical assistance. ; Tempelman, CHL.; Portilla Ovejero, MT.; Martínez Armero, ME.; Mezari, B.; De Caluwe, NGR.; Martínez, C.; Hensen, EJM. (2016). One-pot synthesis of nano-crystalline MCM-22. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. 220:28-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2015.08.018 ; S ; 28 ; 38 ; 220

The original version of this Article contained an error in the caption of Fig. 2, where the sentence 'Yield-gap fractions close to zero show low-yielding croplands with high yield gaps.' should have been deleted. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Over time, with the profound changes in the learning and in research provided by technological advances, and especially because of the extreme value of higher education and scientific research, there is an intense discussion around the old and worn slogan "publish or perish". Increasingly, mentors or directors of thesis and university papers, en general, put themselves as first author or coauthor of work performed by their students, by the argument that the author, as activity and process, suffers herself social, cultural, economic and political mutations. This is a topic that arouses controversy and leads to conceptual changes, which require the deconstruction of its foundations, which, however, must respect the ethic behaviour ; A lo largo del tiempo, con los profundos cambios en la enseñanza e investigación provenientes de los avances tecnológicos, y sobre todo por el valor creciente de la educación superior y de la investigación científica, hay intensas controversias alrededor del viejo y gastado lema "publicar o morir". Cada vez más, tutores o directores de tesis y monografías académicas en general, se colocan como primer autor o coautor de los trabajos realizados por sus alumnos, utilizando el argumento de que la autoría, como actividad y proceso, sufre ella misma intensas mutaciones sociales, culturales, económicas y políticas. Este es un tema que despierta discusiones y conduce a cambios conceptuales que requieren la reconstrucción de sus fundamentos, ya que con respecto de la cuestión ética, debe tenerse en cuenta.

On the example of Corneille's tragedy "Horace" the article deals with the problem of the dramatic author, who is understood as the subject of writing, manifesting himself through the discourse of personages and the rhetorical structure of the piece as a whole. In order to detect the Author's position in the activity, we trace his attitude to the authority sanctioned by the poetics of classicism functioning within the boundaries of the analysed text as dominating and striving to absolute expansion and absorption of the entire sign-semantic system (political power). Contrary to the traditional interpretation of the tragedy "Horace" we installed that the towering figure of Horace, obscuring all the other characters, with all his key position, does not absorb the entire semiotic space of the tragedy; moreover, the Author is located in relation to it at a noticeable distance. The need is proved to study the tragedy of Corneille as a complex rhetorical construction, established through the interaction-rapprochement and repulsion – of its constituent figurative and semantic links, which is revealed by the example of the discursive relationship of different characters. Analysis of the nature of the discourse of each of the characters in their verbal interaction allowed to reveal the principle that guides and activates the unfolding of the tragic conflict, also to find the most mobile and superior to all others field of semantic tension contained in the image of Sabine as the "author's" character. The observations made in the article allow us to raise the question of the revision of approaches to the definition of classicism as an internally mobile and uneven sign-semantic system.

Bericht vom letzten "EOSCpilot Stakeholders Forum", 21. und 22. November 2018 im Austria Center in Wien. Einen Tag vor dem Launch der "European Open Science Cloud" (EOSC) unter österreichischer EU-Ratspräsidentschaft wurde hier vorgestellt, wie weit die Initiativen zur Implementierung dieses ambitionierten Projekts schon gekommen sind. Präsentationen zu Governance und technischer Umsetzung wechselten mit Diskussionen über noch ungeklärte oder unfertige Themen ab und gaben einen Vorgeschmack darauf, wie die ab jetzt "Stakeholders Forum" genannte Veranstaltung zukünftig über die Weiterentwicklung der EOSC mitbestimmen wird. ; Report from the last "EOSCpilot Stakeholders Forum", 21st and 22nd November 2018 at the Austria Center in Vienna. One day before the launch of the "European Open Science Cloud" (EOSC) under the Austrian EU Council Presidency, this event presented how far the initiatives for implementing this ambitious project have come. Presentations on governance and technical implementation alternated with discussions on unresolved or unfinished topics and gave a foretaste of how meetings like this, now called "Stakeholders Forum", will in future be instrumental in defining the further development of the EOSC.

The aim of this article lies in generalization of the results of research on the localself-government functioning problems in the Ukrainian territorial authority system andspecification of priorities on development. Topicality of the present theme is stipulated bythe necessity to develop the Ukrainian statehood based on democratic principles, to beaware of the role of the local self-government and state engaged in administration of theterritories, to form such territorial authority model that would fit the modern Europeanstandards and would be directed at provision of rights, liberties and legal interests of eachindividual. It is shown, that further development of the local self-government in the territorialauthority's organization should be grounded on reforming of the administrativeterritorialsystem of the country, regulation of powers of local executive bodies and managingactivity of local government bodies in the development of the respective territories.

Economic integration is perceived as a multi-phase process in which national economic policies of a group of countries or territories are systematically coordinated and substituted by common policies. We can observe that this world-wide tendency to create regional free-trade agreements, common markets and monetary unions is beneficial for their participants. It is widely recognized that benefits from coordination and giving up national policy independence exceed costs, both economic and social ones. It can be argued that the European Union and the European Monetary Union are the role models of economic integration. In the course of integrating New Member States that joined the EU in 2004, and later, one can expect that both nominal and real convergence takes place. This is of high importance especially for those countries, which intend to join the EMU soon. There is a set of nominal criteria to be met, but their economic justification is not clear. They are not associated with the optimality criteria of the classical Optimal Currency Area theory. Despite they are intended to induce convergence, many economists criticize them as too strict in terms of their definitions. As a half of century of experience of the non-European monetary unions tells us (Młodkowski 2007), neither inflation nor fiscal deficit represents a reason for rejecting a prospect member. It is argued that compliance with any of the criteria is achievable at lower costs (social and political) after full monetary integration due to endogenity. What matters is the monetary policy stance convergence in the pre-integration period among monetary union member states. Only then substituting domestic monetary policy with a common one will not generate any shocks for the underlying economies. Therefore, it would be reasonable to reform the current set of nominal convergence criteria and introduce a new one, covering monetary policy stance convergence. In order to implement this idea a convenient, simple and easy to understand method is required for capturing ...

The article tries to reveal some of the reasons why the national strategy of research and development and first Version of Lisbon Strategy for the period 2005-2007 in Estonia has been quite efficient. Since 2000, the European Commission has been measuring the innovation performance of countries with the help of the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS) which is the instrument developed by the European Commission, under the Lisbon Strategy, to provide a comparative assessment of the innovation performance of EU Member States annually. The research problem being solved in this article is: how to implement Lisbon agenda in Estonia (in 2008-2015). The aim of the article was to highlight the theoretical constitution of knowledge triangle based on Lisbon agenda and to analyse conception problems of knowledge triangle (academic research, infrastructure of higher educational institutions, innovative enterprise) concerning Estonian situation. In order to evaluate Estonia's perspectives in Lisbon strategy in 2008-2015 there was made analysis on ground of European Innovation Scoreboard. There are two main tendencies of the development of Knowledge Triangle: first, innovative rearrangements done in social sphere, in economy and in higher educational sphere to fulfil tasks from Lisbon strategy and, second, increase Estonian competitiveness. Another side of the knowledge triangle concerns creating new economic mechanisms (concrete business solutions) and creating new structure of institutions (rearrangement) to carry out new comprehensive and dynamic innovation model.According to European Innovation Scoreboard 2008 Estonia's place among 27 EU states is 12th. This is clearly evident that Estonia is reaching the EU mean level for summary innovation index and has a relatively high growth rate for its level.