Suchergebnisse

Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the expression of Ninj1 in endometriosis and adenomyosis lesions, and its inductive factor in human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs). Background: Nerve injury-induced protein 1 (Ninj1) is a molecule originally identified in dorsal root ganglion neurons and Schwann cells after nerve injury and promotes neurite outgrowth. The aim of this study was to clarify the expression of Ninj1 in endometriosis and adenomyosis lesions, and its inductive factor in human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs). Materials and Methods: Tissues were obtained with consent from patients diagnosed with ovarian endometrioma (n = 15 in total), peritoneal endometriosis (n = 5), adenomyosis (n = 5), and other gynecological disorders (n = 5, control) during surgery. Immunohistochemistry was conducted in order to detect Ninj1 protein expression in the lesion of endometriosis, adenomyosis, and eutopic endometrium. Nerve fibers in the ovarian endometrioma were detected by positive staining of PGP-9.5. To evaluate the effects of IL-1β on Ninj1 gene expression in endometriosis, ESCs isolated from ovarian endometrioma (n = 5) were treated with IL-1β (5 ng/mL) for 3 or 6 hours. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression for Ninj1 was examined using quantitative RT-PCR. Results: The Ninj1 protein was expressed by ovarian endometrioma, peritoneal endometriotic, and adenomyotic tissue. Nerve fibers were found in the areas of positive staining for Ninj1 in ovarian endometrioma. IL-1β, an indicator of inflammation in endometriosis, significantly increased Ninj1 mRNA expression by ESC. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that Ninj1 is expressed in endometriosis and adenomyosis and is induced by the inflammatory stimuli. Given the neurogenetic property of Ninj1, our results imply that Ninj1, induced by inflammation in endometriosis lesion, may contribute to the pathogenesis of pain symptoms characteristic of endometriosis.

Presents examples of how state health departments are achieving impressive results preventing injuries and violence among their populations. ; Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 28, 2006). ; This comendium was made possible through funding frmo CDC's National Center for Injury Prevention and Control cooperative agreement ; Mode of access: Internet. ; Includes bibliographical references.

Over 2 decades ago, the United States National Academy of Sciences described injuries as "the most under-recognized major public health problem facing the nation." Our progress since then has been limited. Injuries still account for nearly 1 out of every 10 deaths in the world, and the global burden of injury is projected to increase over the next decade, predominately in low- and middle-income countries. Despite this, injury prevention receives scant attention from legislators, the education system, and, most strikingly, the health care system. The lifestyle medicine community, however, is beginning to focus on injury prevention and will play an increasing role in helping control the burden of injury. Lifestyle medicine practitioners are in a tremendous position to promote injury prevention. Physical activity and positive lifestyle changes can be accompanied with an increased focus on preventing injury. Lifestyle medicine can prevent injuries by supporting legislation, advancing medical advocacy, providing community education, and linking clinical care with injury prevention.

Radiation damages normal tissues that can adversely affect the success of cancer radiotherapy, safety of nuclear installation workers and military personnel, and public exposed to nuclear accidents. Certain chemicals are able to protect against the harmful effects of radiation. But more than 50 years of research has produced only one approved radioprotective drug, WR-2721 or amifostine. The general utility of WR-2721 is limited by its inherent toxicity and high cost. Efforts to find non-toxic radioprotectors have revealed the promising properties of some medicinal plants. This is an attempt to review the recent publications on radioprotectors and to identify the research needs relevant to developing countries.Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(2), pp.105-112, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.829

Examines relationship of reported injury cases to state policies regarding welfare and workers' compensation.

University of Maryland, Baltimore. Toxicology. Ph.D. 2014 ; Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important public health issue in both military and civilian life. Many suffer from cognitive and motor deficits, as well as from excruciating, unrelenting chronic pain (TBI-Pain). TBI-Pain is associated with hypersensitivity to mild tactile and thermal stimulation of the face and scalp, a result of central sensitization, a process by which brain structures undergo maladaptive plasticity, resulting in abnormal activity of brain neurons. Recently central sensitization of the posterior thalamus (PO) has been implicated in chronic pain disorders, spinal cord injury and migraine. We therefore hypothesized that chronic pain after TBI is also associated with abnormal activity of the PO thalamus. Here, we tested this hypothesis using a novel model of blast-TBI with two unique features: (i) blast-TBI was performed in awake, unanesthetized rats, to simulate the human experience and to preclude anesthesia-induced dampening of post-injury increases in excitatory activity that is crucial for the development of central pain; (ii) only the cranium, rather than the entire body, was exposed to a collimated blast wave, with the blast wave striking the posterior cranium in the region of the occipital crest and foramen magnum. Testing for thermal hyperalgesia of the face (distal from direct injury) revealed that blast-TBI rats had a significantly lower tolerance to pain, compared to the control group. Consistent with the behavioral data, single unit electrophysiological recordings from PO showed an increase in the spontaneous and evoked firing rate of neurons from blast-TBI rats, compared to sham. These data support the hypothesis that blast-TBI is associated with hyperalgesia and maladaptive plasticity in the PO thalamus.

The purpose of this book is to translate the principles of injury prevention to the specific circumstances that community workers face. The GRIP Guide contains eight modules. The first module gives an overview of the principles of injury prevention and safety promotion. Modules two through six describe how to address the five categories / types of injuries (burns, falls, drowning, transport injuries, poisoning). Module seven provides a generic approach that covers other unintentional injuries and module eight deals with the response to intentional injuries (violence). This guide takes the form of a series of exercises that reader can use when working with community members to promote community participation and intersectoral collaboration as a means of achieving a safe environment