Suchergebnisse

The author reflects upon the conditions in which poor countries are vulnerable to several sources of insecurity. In this context, the article explores the case of Colombia, a country threatened by drug trafficking and guerrilla warfare, and links the Colombian conflict to regional stability and peace. The author concludes suggesting three possible scenarios for the conflict in Colombia, and its consequences for the region. Finally, he argues for a collective security approach as a feasible response to these challenges. ; El autor reflexiona sobre las condiciones en que los países pobres son vulnerables a diversas fuentes de inseguridad. En este contexto, el artículo analiza el caso de Colombia, amenazada por el narcotráfico y la guerrilla; y vincula la inestabilidad colombiana estabilidad y paz regionales. El autor insinúa, asimismo, tres escenarios posibles del conflicto y sus consecuencias en la región y propone la seguridad cooperativa regional como respuesta a este problema.

Im Rahmen der Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, was Regionalität von Lebensmitteln im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs, in Initiativen zur Regionalvermarktung und für die Akteure der Lebensmittelversorgung in der Region Osttirol (Bezirk Lienz, Österreich) bedeutet. Die Arbeit ist in ein Interreg III B-Projekt des Landes Tirol eingebunden. Von Oktober 2006 bis März 2007 wurden wissenschaftliche Literatur und 22 Regionalvermarktungsinitiativen hinsichtlich Kriterien für regionale Lebensmittel analysiert. In Osttirol wurden 13 Konsumenten befragt, 2 Workshops mit 21 Teilnehmern veranstaltet und Interviews mit 10 Produzenten und Anbietern geführt. Sowohl in der Wissenschaft als auch aus Sicht der Regionalvermarktungsinitiativen werden regionale Lebensmittel über die reine Herkunft der Rohstoffe hinaus durch eine überdurchschnittliche Produkt- und Prozessqualität im Sinne der ökologischen und sozialen Aspekte der Produktion definiert. Die Gesprächspartner teilen im Wesentlichen diese Charakterisierung regionaler Lebensmittel, häufig werden jedoch die gesetzlichen Vorgaben und die übliche Praxis in der Region als ausreichend empfunden. Die biologische Landwirtschaft als übergreifendes Kriterium wird von den Akteuren nicht in Betracht gezogen. Während es aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht gute Argumente für Kriterien für regionale Lebensmittel gibt, sind für die Gesprächspartner Vertrauen, persönliche Bekanntschaft, "Geschichten" hinter den Produkten und ein "guter Geschmack" bestimmend für die Regionalität von Lebensmitteln - und für den Vermarktungserfolg. Im Hinblick auf eine regionale Lebensmittelversorgung als Beitrag zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung der Region wird von der Autorin empfohlen, detaillierte und weiterreichende Kriterien für regionale Lebensmittel v.a. im Bereich der Prozessqualität fest zu legen. Die Ergebnisse des Projekts sind ein punktueller Beitrag in einem partizipativen Prozess mit normativen Elementen, der im Rahmen dieser Arbeit nicht abgeschlossen wurde. ; The masters thesis deals with the meaning of the attribute "regional" for food as well as from a scientific point of view as in existing regional marketing initiatives and for the actors in the food production chain in Eastern Tyrol (district of Lienz, Austria). This thesis is part of an Interreg III B-project of the Federal Government of Tyrol. Between October 2006 and March 2007, scientific literature was reviewed and 22 regional marketing organizations were analyzed, resulting in a sample of criteria for the regionality of food. In Eastern Tyrol 13 consumers were asked for their understanding of regional food. Two workshops with 21 participants and explorative interviews with 10 producers and providers aimed at developing a list of criteria for regional food. The criteria mentioned in scientific literature as well as used in the analysed regional marketing initiatives can be assigned to three dimensions of quality: provenance of ingredients, product quality and process quality, i.e. ecological and social aspects in the production process. The results show that local actors share this definition of regional food that goes beyond the mere provenance of ingredients or location of processing. The status quo of the regional food production system and the national laws were in many cases considered as "good enough". Organic farming was not favoured by the respondents as a composite criterion. While scientists stress the importance of approved criteria for regional food, for the respondents trust, personal relations, "pictures and stories" and a good taste are characteristics of regional food - and responsible for marketing success. When regarding a regional food system as means of sustainable regional development, the involvement of more detailed criteria foremost in the field of process quality is advised by the author. The results are a single contribution in a participatory process including normative aspects that is not finished as the project ends. ; eingereicht von: Julia Kaliwoda ; Zsfassung in engl. Sprache ; Wien, Univ. für Bodenkultur, Dipl.-Arb., 2007 ; OeBB ; (VLID)1036044

One of the most striking features of the work of scientists specialized in regional environmental governance is the huge diversity of ways they refer to the notion of region. In this academic subfield, "regionality" refers to different orders of reality (ontology), and regions have a heterogeneous status in the production of knowledge (epistemology). While such a diversity of uses and meanings illustrates the rich potential of a regional scope in environmental governance analysis, scholars' ontological and epistemological stances must be made more explicit. The objective of this commentary is to elaborate this suggestion and to illustrate it on the basis of the articles published in this special issue.

THE LEBANESE CONFLICT WENT THROUGH A NUMBER OF PHASES, EACH WITH ITS OWN RATIONALE, INCORPORATING DIFFERENT ISSUES AND AT TIMES DIFFERENT PLAYERS. THROUGHOUT, THERE WERE ATTEMPTS ON BOTH THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL LEVELS TO FIND A SOLUTION TO WHAT WAS PLAGUING THE COUNTRY AND ERODING ITS POLITICAL AND SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS. THIS ARTICLE STUDIES THREE MAJOR ATTEMPTS AT RESOLVING THE LEBANESE CONFLICT WHEN THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE DOMESTIC FACTIONS MET AND CAME UP WITH FORMULAE THAT APPEARED TO ADDRESS EVERYONE'S CONCERNS. THE PROCESS OF MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS, THE ASYMMETRICAL STRUCTURES OF THOSE NEGOTIATIONS, THE RIPE MOMENT FOR NEGOTIATING, THE ROLE OF EXTERNAL MEDIATORS, AND THE ISSUE OF THE VALID SPOKESMAN ARE ANALYZED WITHIN A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK BASED ON I. WILLIAM ZARTMAN'S MODEL OF GOVERNMENT-INSURGENCY NEGOTIATIONS.

One of the most striking features of the work of scientists specialized in regional environmental governance is the huge diversity of ways they refer to the notion of region. In this academic subfield, "regionality" refers to different orders of reality (ontology), and regions have a heterogeneous status in the production of knowledge (epistemology). While such a diversity of uses and meanings illustrates the rich potential of a regional scope in environmental governance analysis, scholars' ontological and epistemological stances must be made more explicit. The objective of this commentary is to elaborate this suggestion and to illustrate it on the basis of the articles published in this special issue. Adapted from the source document.

Many parts of the world are currently experiencing the outcome of processes of economic integration, globalization and transformation. Technological advances in telecommunications and in transport facilities have opened up new possibilities for contracts and exchanges among regions. External effects among regions have increased in importance. As a result, competition among regions has intensified. Except some pioneering work by regional scientists and scholars of public finance and economics, the phenomenon of regional competition has yet to attract the attention it warrants, despite its importance for policy-making. The present volume is intended to remedy this neglect by providing high-level contributions to the three main topics of the book, the theory of regional competition, methods of analysis of regional competition and policies of regional competition

Este documento hace un diagnostico multidimensional de las brechas regionales que existen en Colombia a nivel departamental y de su persistencia en el tiempo. Así mismo se estudian las causas de la inequidad regional. La evidencia presentada sugiere que las diferencias institucionales de largo plazo explican las desigualdades regionales actuales. Para el diagnóstico se utiliza un conjunto amplio de variables socioeconómicas incluyendo variables de ingreso y actividad económica, variables de capital humano, medidas de pobreza y desigualdad, variables de comportamiento político, variables de aislamiento geográfico, y variables de esfuerzo o dependencia fiscal. El documento también revisa algunas experiencias internacionales exitosas en la disminución de brechas regionales y plantea algunas sugerencias de política pública para el caso colombiano. ; This paper offers a multidimensional diagnosis of the Colombian regional gaps at the state level and their persistence overtime. The paper also studies the causes of the regional inequality and presents evidence suggesting that these are explained by long-term institutional differences. The diagnosis makes use of a large set of socioeconomic variables including proxies of income and economic activity, human capital, poverty and inequality, political behavior, geographical isolation, and fiscal effort and dependency. The paper reviews several international experiences that were relatively successful in reducing regional inequalities. It concludes by putting forward some policy prescriptions that may fit the Colombian case.

Financial accountability is the responsibility for financial management in the form of financial reports through the use of information technology, which is expected to be able to support regional governments in carrying out better regional financial management as well as having competent human resources in their management. This study aims to provide information about the usefulness of information technology and human resource competence in the accountability region financial report. This research was conducted in three regional expansion in Lampung Province with a descriptive qualitative method with the help of NVivo software for data analysts. The result showed that to achieve regional financial accountability is supported by utilizing information technology in the form of a regional management information system, while to be able to operate the SIMDA application program require adequate human resource and training is given to increase competence.

Analyse der verschiedenen Ansätze zur Wirtschaftsintegration in Afrika und der praktischen und organisatorischen Probleme bei ihrer Verwirklichung. Gerade in Zeiten der Krise fehlt den strukturschwachen Staaten das Motiv, knappe finanzielle Mittel für langfristige Ziele einzusetzen. Bemühungen um integrierte Wirtschaftsplanung scheitern an der notwendigen Aufgabe von Souveränitätsrechten. Regionale Exporterfolge einzelner Staaten sind kaum auf die Organisationen regionaler Zusammenarbeit zurückzuführen. Der notwendige Erfolg wirtschaftlicher Integration ist nur mit Geduld und Pragmatismus zu erreichen. (DÜI-Wsl)