Suchergebnisse

THE 1987 IRAN-CONTRA HEARINGS REVIVED LONGSTANDING TENSIONS IN AMERICAN POLITICS BETWEEN THE REQUIREMENTS OF DEMOCRACY AND THE DEMANDS OF FOREIGN POLICY MAKING. THIS ARTICLE ASSESSES THE ARGUMENTS MADE IN DEFENSE OF CENTRALIZED DECISION MAKING IN U.S. FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND FINDS THEM GENERALLY AT ODDS WITH THE TENETS OF DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL THEORY. THE AUTHOR ARGUES THAT THESE CONTRUDICTIONS SUGGEST THE NEED FOR SIGNIFICANT REFORM IN THE INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE NATION'S FOREIGN POLICY-MAKING APPARATUS.

1. The South caucasus after the February 1917 revolution and the beginning of diplomatic struggles for the region -- 2. The Trabzon and Batum conferences : Azerbaijan's first diplomatic steps toward independence -- 3. Declaration of independence and the first steps of Azerbaijan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs -- 4. The diplomatics campaign for the liberation of Baku -- 5. Diplomatic activity of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs at the end of World War I and the allied entry into Azerbaijan -- 6. Azerbaijani diplomacy during the preparations for the Paris Peace Conference -- 7. Expansion of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its diplomatic initiatives at the peace conference -- 8. Azerbaijan's diplomacy confronts the claims of "Indivisible Russia" and "Great Armenia" -- 9. The Western mandate and efforts to approach France, Great Britain, and Italy -- 10. The growing interest of the United States in the caucasus and Azerbaijan -- 11. Lobbying in the United States and the spread of national propaganda in Western Europe -- 12. Recognition of Azerbaijan's independence by the allied powers at Versailles -- 13. Azerbaijan and the international situation on the eve of the occupation -- 14. Azerbaijani diplomacy and the April 1920 occupation.