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In this article, I explain how International Relations scholarship relates to ableism. Ableism is a sociopolitical system of narratives, institutions, and actions collectively reinforcing an ideology that benefits persons deemed able-bodied, able-minded, and normal by others, and devalues, limits, and discriminates against those deemed physically and/or mentally disabled and abnormal. International Relations scholars have been quick to utilize disability metaphors as rhetorical support for their arguments and analyses. This article discusses how metaphors in general — and disability metaphors in particular — get their meaning from various other discourses and narratives. International Relations scholars, in the case of disability metaphors, often draw from discourses and narratives that perpetuate ableism. I demonstrate how disability metaphors can be ableist by researching how several International Relations foreign policy analysts and theorists have applied autism metaphors. I argue that International Relations' uses of autism metaphors are ableist insomuch as they shape or reinforce understandings of autism that often oversimplify, overgeneralize, or otherwise misrepresent autism and Autistic people in ways that portray autism negatively. In the conclusion, I reflect on the importance of a disability studies program in International Relations and the broad set of topics that such a program should pursue.

Intro -- Contents/ Sommaire -- Articles -- La protection des immunités diplomatiques et consulaires au Canada -- Methods of Self-Determination and the Argument of "Primitiveness -- An Historical Introduction to the Teaching of International Law in Canada -- The Canadian Claim to Sovereignty over the Waters of the Arctic -- The Labour Conventions Case Revisited -- The Judgment of the International Court of Justice in the Appeal Relating to the Jurisdiction of the ICAO Council -- Canada and the Review of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations -- Notes and Comments -- External Relations of the Swiss Cantons -- Seabed Issues at the Law of the Sea Conference: The Caracas Session -- La convention internationale de 1973 sur la prévention de la pollution par les navires -- The Role of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in the Development of International Environmental Law -- Annual Conference of the Canadian Council on International Law -- Canadian Practice in International Law during 1973 as Reflected Mainly in Public Correspondence and Statements of the Department of External Affairs -- Canadian Practice in International Law during 1973 as Reflected in Resolutions of the House of Commons and in Government Statements in the House of Commons -- Digest of Important Canadian Cases Reported in 1973 in the Fields of Public International Law and Conflict of Laws -- Book Reviews/Revue des livres -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z.

Machine generated contents note: Preface IntroductionPART I: UNIVERSALISM IN GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITY AND CHRISTIAN POLITICAL PHILOSOPHYGreek and Roman Antiquity Christian Political Pragmatism and Ethical Universalism - Aurelius Augustine and Thomas AquinasPART II: UNIVERSALISTIC THINKING FROM EARLY MODERN TIMES TO ENLIGHTENMENT Universalistic Thinking in Christian Legal Philosophy - Bartolom de las Casas and Francisco de Vitoria Universalistic Frameworks in Early Modern Political Theory PART III: THE EMERGENCE OF PARTICULARISM IN THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURYPhilosophies of National InterestManufacturing Inter-National Co-operation: The English School PART IV: THE TRIUMPH OF PARTICULARISM IN THE 20TH CENTURY INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY Neo-Realism and the Scientification of International Political TheoryMisreadings in IR: Re-assessing Morgenthau, Ideology, and the Reification-Problem PART V: INSTEAD OF A CONCLUSION TOWARDS RENEWED ONTOL-OGY(IES)Universal, Universalistic - UniversalizedLoss of Ethics, or the Re-invention of Universal Thinking in Global Politics? NotesBibliography Index Preface IntroductionPART I: UNIVERSALISM IN GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITY AND CHRISTIAN POLITICAL PHILOSOPHYGreek and Roman Antiquity Christian Political Pragmatism and Ethical Universalism - Aurelius Augustine and Thomas AquinasPART II: UNIVERSALISTIC THINKING FROM EARLY MODERN TIMES TO ENLIGHTENMENT Universalistic Thinking in Christian Legal Philosophy - Bartolom de las Casas and Francisco de Vitoria Universalistic Frameworks in Early Modern Political Theory PART III: THE EMERGENCE OF PARTICULARISM IN THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURYPhilosophies of National InterestManufacturing Inter-National Co-operation: The English School PART IV: THE TRIUMPH OF PARTICULARISM IN THE 20TH CENTURY INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY Neo-Realism and the Scientification of International Political TheoryMisreadings in IR: Re-assessing Morgenthau, Ideology, and the Reification-Problem PART V: INSTEAD OF A CONCLUSION TOWARDS RENEWED ONTOL-OGY(IES)Universal, Universalistic - UniversalizedLoss of Ethics, or the Re-invention of Universal Thinking in Global Politics? NotesBibliography Index

Intro -- Contents -- Articles -- International Law and the Conflict in Cyprus -- Le problème de la dette des pays en développement -- Trends in the Law Concerning Diplomats -- Adjudication of Canada-United States Disputes -- Notes and Comments -- New Developments in the Law Concerning the Use of Conventional Weapons in Armed Conflict -- La guerre du thon n'aura pas lieu -- Acts of State and the Application of International Law in English Courts -- Proportionality and the Gulf of Maine Maritime Boundary Dispute -- Environmental Protection in Antarctica: A Comment on the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources -- Canadian Practice in International Law during 1980 as Reflected Mainly in Public Correspondence and Statements of the Department of External Affairs -- Canadian Practice in International Law during 1980 as Reflected in Resolutions of the House of Commons and in Government Statements in the House of Commons -- Digest of Important Canadian Cases Reported in 1980 in the Fields of Public International Law and Conflict of Laws -- Commentary on Some Treaties Signed by Canada in 1980 -- Book Reviews/Revue des Livres -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y.

Taking off from a recent article in this journal by Barry Buzan and Mathias Albert, I present a framework of structural differentiation as an alternative to IR's standard tripartite conception of the elements of structure. Rather than employ ideal type models, though, as Buzan and Albert do, I present a more open-textured, multidimensional account of differentiation. I also emphasize the systemic nature of structural analysis. The elements of structure are interdependent parts of wholes (systems) -- not the independent variables implied by standard formulations such as 'the effects of anarchy'. A multidimensional systemic approach directs our attention to the diversity of and change in international systems and their structures, which mainstream structural IR typically ignores or obscures. I illustrate both the regularity of extensive structural change and the analytical utility of my differentiation framework with case studies of post-World War II international society and contemporary processes of globalization. [Reprinted by permission; copyright Sage Publications Ltd. & ECPR-European Consortium for Political Research.]

"Wohl alle europäischen Gesellschaften sind während der vergangenen Jahrzehnte fundamentalen Veränderungen ausgesetzt gewesen, die mutmaßlich in nahezu sämtlichen Sphären des gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Lebens zu Anpassungsprozessen geführt haben. Konzentriert man sich auf den Arbeitsmarkt als vielleicht die wichtigste Institution in modernen Gesellschaften, so hat dieser Wandel zu erhöhten Flexibilitätsanforderungen sowohl an Unternehmen als auch an Beschäftigte geführt. Wie einzelne Arbeitgeber und Arbeitnehmer auf Veränderungen auf der Makroebene reagieren, wird auch durch die institutionellen und kulturellen Rahmenbedingungen (Kontextfaktoren) beeinflusst, in die die individuellen Akteure eingebettet sind. Aufgrund unterschiedlicher, historisch gewachsener Typen von Kontextfaktoren ('Regime') ist zu erwarten, dass die Akteure in den verschiedenen europäischen Ländern unterschiedlich auf die neuen Flexibilitätsherausforderungen reagieren. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Frage von besonderem Interesse, wie Arbeitnehmer in unterschiedlichen Ländern die Sicherheit ihres Beschäftigungsverhältnisses wahrnehmen. Unbestreitbar werden hierbei Kontextfaktoren (z.B. das Ausmaß des institutionalisierten Kündigungsschutzes, Wirtschaftswachstum) ebenso wie individuelle Determinanten (Qualifikation, Alter, Geschlecht, Erwerbsverlauf, etc.) die Angst vor dem Verlust des Arbeitsplatzes entscheidend beeinflussen. In diesem Zusammenhang gibt der Beitrag auf Basis einer quantitativen Analyse der Daten des 'European Social Survey' (ESS) 2004/2005 Antworten auf folgende Fragen: 1. Inwiefern gibt es überhaupt beobachtbare Länderunterschiede hinsichtlich des Ausmaßes der subjektiven Beschäftigungssicherheit in Europa? 2. Wie lassen sich mutmaßliche Unterschiede erklären? Sind sie auf die unterschiedlichen Sozialstrukturen innerhalb der Länder zurückzuführen? Welche Rolle spielen institutionelle und ökonomische Kontextfaktoren? Gibt es darüber hinaus Hinweise auf kulturelle Unterschiede?" (Autorenreferat)

The foreign currency denomination of contracts in international transactions can lead to international currency exposure at the country level with important economic and policy implications. When debts are denominated in foreign currency and revenues in domestic currency, exchange rate fluctuations can result in balance sheet effects for countries with either net asset or liability positions. Moreover, currency mismatch between assets and liabilities can be a cause for crises in developing and emerging economies. This book looks at the issues surrounding foreign currency exposure in today's increasingly integrated world economy. - The contributors draw on cross-country as well as country-specific data. They consider international currency risk after the Swiss franc ended its one-sided peg with the euro, for example, and the foreign exchange positions of firms in Turkey and Russia. Other contributors take macroeconomic perspectives, examining the potential effects of exchange rate realignment, the pressure to appreciate on countries with current account surpluses, and the currency exposure in international trade. Finally, contributors consider the issue from finance and political economy perspectives, addressing the phenomenon of the forward premium puzzle and discussing geopolitical aspects ascending currencies.

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