Suchergebnisse

In this thesis I use the post-structuralist textual theory of Roland Barthes that is known as 'the death of the author' in order to explain the politics of street names. Barthes argued that in the literary texts author cannot fix the meaning as it is the readers who produce the meaning. In a similar way, I argue that the streetscape is a polysemous text in which the meaning is produced by readers (everyday users) rather than authors (the political elites that officially determine the street names). Implication of this argument in terms of power relations is that in the streetscape there is no any hierarchical relation between the 'weak' masses and 'powerful' political elites. In fact, in the last several decades many critical toponymists showed that the political elites do not have an absolute authority on the production of meaning in the streetscapes. Yet, by focusing only on the cases of the popular rejection of official place names they also re-produced the dualisms of 'powerful-weak' and 'hegemony-resistance'. In order to completely transcend these dualisms, I show that the plurality of meaning is not an exception but a general characteristic in the streetscape. I demonstrate my arguments by using the streetscape of Ankara with a special focus on social media posts on the renaming of Nevzat Tandoğan Street as Olive Branch Street in 2018. ; Bu tezde Roland Barthes'ın 'yazarın ölümü' olarak bilinen post-yapısalcı metin teorisi cadde isimlerinin siyasetini açıklamak için kullanılacaktır. Barthes edebi metinlerde yazarın anlamı sabitleyemeyeceğini, zira anlamı asıl üretenin okuyucu olduğunu öne sürmüştür. Benzer bir biçimde bu çalışma, cadde isimlerinin içerisinde anlamın yazar (cadde isimlerini resmi olarak belirleyen siyasi elitler) değil okuyucu (cadde isimlerinin günlük hayattaki kullanıcıları) tarafından üretildiği çok anlamlı bir metin oluşturduğunu öne sürmektedir. Bu argümanın güç ilişkileri açısından anlamı cadde isimlerinde 'güçsüz' kitleler ile 'güçlü' siyasi elitler arasında hiyerarşik bir ilişki olmadığıdır. Aslında son birkaç on yıldır birçok eleştirel toponomist cadde isimlerinde anlamın üretiminde siyasi elitlerin mutlak otoritesinin olmadığını göstermiştir. Ancak bunlar da yalnızca resmi yer isimlerinin kullanıcılar tarafından reddedildiği vakalara odaklanarak 'güçlü-güçsüz' ve 'hegemonya-direniş' ikiliklerini yeniden üretmişlerdir. Bu ikilikleri tamamen aşmak için bu çalışmada anlamın çokluğunun bir istisna değil cadde isimlerinin genel bir özelliği olduğu gösterilecek, çalışmanın argümanlarının gösterimi için Ankara cadde görünümünden faydalanılacak, özellikle de Nevzat Tandoğan Caddesi'nin isminin Zeytin Dalı olarak adlandırılması kararı üzerine sosyal medyada paylaşılan yorumlar üzerinde durulacaktır. ; M.S. - Master of Science

Tarihin eski çağlarından bu yana yaşadığı mekânı isimlendiren insanoğlu, bu işlemi yaparken dönemsel, kültürel, coğrafi unsurlar gibi birçok faktörü göz önünde bulundurmuştur. Bu çalışmada Anadolu'nun önemli şehirlerinden biri olan Burdur'un mahalleleri şehirsel toponimi kapsamında incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda Burdur şehrini oluşturan mahallelerin XVI., XIX. ve Cumhuriyet dönemindeki adları tespit edilmiş ve bu isimlerin verilmesinde etkili olan unsurlar tarihi ve mekânsal ölçekte incelenmiştir. Çalışma yapılırken Burdur şehrine ait tarihi ve coğrafi literatürü ile 1/25.000 ölçekli topografik haritalardan faydalanılmış, sahaya ait gözlemler ve incelemeler yapılarak mahalle isimlerinin kaynağı hakkında bilgi edinilmiştir. Mahalle isimleri dini, etnik, şahıs, hidrolojik, topografik, sosyokültürel, sosyoekonomik, göç, Cumhuriyet, duygu ve düşünce ile askeri ve güvenlikle ilgili unsurlara göre kategorize edilmiştir. Burdur'da XVI. yüzyılda çoğunlukla mabetlerden kaynağını alan mahalle adları, XIX. yüzyılda şehirsel fonksiyonların gelişmesiyle şahıs isimleri ve sosyoekonomik faaliyetler doğrultusunda şekillenmiştir. Cumhuriyet döneminde ise yeni devletin inşası ve ideolojisi mahalle isimlerine damga vurmuş, mahalle isimlerinin önemli bir kısmı değişmiştir. Bunun yansıra şehrin tarihi çekirdeğinde yer alan bazı mahallelerin adlarını muhafaza ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu bakımdan mahalle adlarından yola çıkarak Burdur'un eski kent kimliğinin şehrin tarihi çekirdeğinde hala muhafaza edildiği, yeni gelişen sahalarda yer alan mahallelerde ise Cumhuriyet dönemi şahıs ve kavramsal isimlerinin olduğu görülmektedir.

Los topónimos son nombres propios que a menudo describen rasgos naturales y culturales de un paisaje y que suelen fosilizarse en el tiempo. La perspectiva diacrónica que ofrecen algunos topónimos permite reconstituir virtualmente parte de los elementos naturales y culturales de paisajes desaparecidos. La toponimia, además, posee un valor referencial, ya que designa lugares y los distingue entre sí. También tiene un valor identitario, ya que los habitantes de un lugar se sienten afectivamente vinculados a su lugar de residencia y, por tanto, al nombre que lo designa. Por último, es también una ciencia ideológica, porque el contexto político condiciona la elección de un topónimo preciso y no de otros también plausibles. En este artículo, que se centra en el caso de los municipios de la comarca valenciana de la Plana de Castelló, llevamos a cabo un método de clasificación e interpretación novedoso, ligado al auge de la toponimia crítica surgido con el cambio de milenio entre los geógrafos anglosajones. A partir de este método se detectan ciertos modelos de comportamiento toponímico que ayudan a entender el contexto ideológico dominante en el área de estudio. Estos modelos son extrapolables a otros territorios afines. ; Place names (toponyms) are proper nouns describing natural and cultural features of a landscape. They often become fossilized over time. The diachronic perspective offered by some place names allows to virtually reconstitute part of the natural and cultural elements of disappeared landscapes. Toponymy also has a referential value, because it designates places and distinguishes them from other places. It also has an identity value, since the inhabitants of a place feel affectionately linked to their living place and, therefore, to the place name. Finally, it is also an ideological science, because the political context determines the choice of one precise place name and not another plausible one. In this paper, which focuses on the case of the municipalities of the Valencian region of La Plana de Castelló, we carried out a new method of classification and interpretation, linked to the rise of critical toponymy recently developed among English-speaking geographers. Certain patterns of toponymic behavior are detected from this study method, which help us to understand the dominant ideological context in our study area. These patterns can be extrapolated to other related territories.

The New Settlements of Sierra Morena and Andalusia constituted one of the state initiatives of greater relevance in the agrarian sector during the reign of Carlos III. However, the way in which the propaganda of Bourbon politics was embodied in them has received little attention among researchers. This research aims to analyze the way in which real power was visualized in these new colonies, using two elements of significant importance: toponymy and heraldry. ; Las Nuevas Poblaciones de Sierra Morena y Andalucía constituyeron una de las iniciativas estatales de mayor relevancia en el sector agrario durante el reinado de Carlos III. Sin embargo, la forma en la que la propaganda de la política borbónica se plasmó en ellas no ha recibido apenas atención entre los investigadores. Esta investigación pretende analizar el modo en el que se visualizó el poder real en esas nuevas colonias, empleando para ello dos elementos de significativa importancia: la toponimia y la heráldica.

The article is devoted to Soviet toponomy as one of the instruments to influence the collective memory of the citizens. Based on historical sources and scientific literature the actions of Soviet power to change toponomy in Vinnytsia were analyzed as important components of ideological policies Sovietization urban space. The author used materials from the State archives of Vinnytsya region, periodicals. The methodological basis was the scientific research of Paul Connerton "How Modernity Forgets" where researcher identified ways to constructing memory – memorial (spatial association) and locus ("atmosphere", subjective experiences). Author of this paper investigates period 1920–30 – the period of introducing significant changes in Vinnytsia. The purpose of these changes was sovietization urban environment. Renaming streets of Vinnitsa was in the early 1920s. It was a way to rewrite historical memory. Only 21 of the 127 streets had retained the pre-revolutionary name in 1921. Street's names associated with historical figures and events of the past disappeared, as well as religious toponymy. There were the names of streets and squares in honor of the heroes of a new era – state, party and military leaders as well as members of the international communist movement. Most of the street names did not reflect local conditions winery. The principle of historicism was rejected. ; Стаття присвячена аналізу радянської топонімічної системи у містах. Розглянута зміна топоніміки у містах як один з інструментів впливу на колективну пам'ять городян. На основі історичних джерел і наукової літератури проаналізовані заходи радянської влади щодо запровадження нових назв вулиць Вінниці як важливі ідеологічні складові політики радянізації міського простору. Були використані матеріали державного архіву Вінницької області, періодичні видання. Методологічною основою стала робота Пола Коннертона «Як сучасність забуває», де дослідник виділяє способи конструювання пам'яті – меморіал (просторові асоціації) та локус («атмосфера», суб'єктивні переживання). Хронологічні межі дослідження охоплюють 1920 – 1930-х рр. – період докорінних змін, спрямованих на радянізацію Вінниці. Перейменування вулиць у Вінниці на початку 1920-х рр. можна розглядати як спосіб переписування історичної пам'яті. Зникли назви вулиць, пов'язаних з історичними діячами та подіями минулого, а також з релігійною топонімікою. Зі 127 вулиць і провулків у 1921 р. зберегли дореволюційні назви тільки 21. Вулиці та площі Вінниці були названі на честь героїв нової епохи – радянських державних, партійних і військових діячів, а також учасників міжнародного комуністичного руху. Більшість назв вулиць не відображала місцеву специфіку Вінниці. Принцип історизму був відкинутий.

AbstractThe article aims at demonstrating that toponymy in colonial and postcolonial settings is a promising area for linguistically-informed research. On the basis of evidence drawn from erstwhile colonies of France (with a focus on Senegal) and Spain (with a focus on the Western Sahara) it is shown that, on the Atlantic coast of West Africa, the processes of naming and renaming places are conditioned by an intricate network of mostly social forces. The interaction of these forces may yield different results so that colonial toponyms are not necessarily doomed to disappear from the maps when decolonization sets in. The authors argue strongly for paying more attention to colonial and postcolonial toponymy especially from a comparative perspective.

This study is aimed at describing toponymy of Trenggalek emphasizing on identification of local foklor about Batoro Katong, Joko Lengkoro and Menak Sopal. This study uses qualitative approach assigning heuristic and phenomenology as the method of inquiry. Primary sources such as documents on the foklor, babad, inscriptions, and sites of history were analyzed. Indepth analyses pertaining to the exploration using indepth interview and discussion were conducted involving various informants. This study reveals that Trenggalek derived from Galek, identifying a city that produced gaplek. Since early Matarm, gaplek had been produced in Trenggalek. In support to the name, Galek has been interpreted as the identity of "terang" and "galih" aspiring that Galek has received greatness of the King in Demak. Trenggalek did not exist in the era of Mataram, Majapahit, Demak, and Pajang Kingdom as a regency, however, its status as sima parashima, received since King Sindok in 929 AD up to Majapahit ruling indicated that Trenggalek was a prominent area. To some extents, Trenggalek has received discrimination in the government administration but the history remains to promote the legacy of Trenggalek as an autonomy regency.

Text argues that the toponymy recorded at the Site of Memory "La Discoteque-Venda Sexy" alludes to a literal representation of the naturalization of torture during the Chilean civil-military dictatorship, particularly sexual violence against women. This narrative is a contextual construction from the process of feminist articulation of recent years in Chile and becomes more evident after the police violence unleashed against those who were part of the demonstrations that occurred during the social movement of October 2019, where again women and girls were subjected to torture, degrading treatment and sexual violence. The text, which analyses the toponymy of the word: discotheque, bandage and sexy. Also, evidences the relevance of the State in the maintenance of memory and discusses the role of citizenship and the collectives of survivors of political horror in the conservation and possession, material and symbolic, of the sites of memory. ; El texto argumenta que la toponimia que registra el Sitio de Memoria "La Discoteque-Venda Sexy" alude a una representación literal sobre la naturalización de la tortura durante la dictadura cívico-militar chilena, en particular, la violencia sexual contra mujeres. Dicho relato es una construcción contextual a partir del proceso de articulación feminista de los últimos años en Chile, y se hace más patente tras la violencia policial desatada contra quienes fueron parte de las manifestaciones acaecidas durante el estallido social de octubre de 2019, donde nuevamente mujeres y niñas fueron sujetas de torturas, tratos degradantes y violencia sexual. El texto analiza la toponimia de las palabras discoteque, venda y sexy; además, evidencia la relevancia del Estado en el mantenimiento de la memoria y pone en discusión el papel de la ciudadanía y los colectivos de sobrevivientes del horror político en la conservación y posesión, material y simbólica, de los sitios de memoria.

The Vallons Obscurs are "Natura 2000" sites in the Nice area. The series of valleys are situated on the left bank of the river Var near the city and are protected on a regional, national and European level. In the 19th century, the Vallon Obscur was a unique valley in the region famous for its physical charecteristics. The research focuses primarily on the definition of the geographical object. Of what do the valleys consist and what criteria bring them to life and allow us to locate them? The Vallons Obscurs indeed a very colourful expression, is simultaneously a habitation name, an area of reputable tourist trails and a truly remarkable site. The second part, based on the exploitation of field surveys and archival documents, examines the origins and originality of the darkness of the vallon obscur and compares their geo-systems and landscapes to those of the valleys not considered obscure. The third part explores the future of these valleys. The disappearance of the original Vallon Obscur raises the question of the sensitivity and fragility of such sites. A typology of the valleys opens reflection allows us to reflect on the procedure behind protection measures and their consequences. The study of the vallon obscur, a small spatial object that is neither a dark valley nor a dark ravine will lead us to consider the politics of environmental management on a more fitting level. ; Les Vallons Obscurs sont des sites Natura 2000 de la région niçoise, ensemble de vallons de rive gauche du Var, proches de la ville et protégés sur les plans régional, national et européen. Au XIXe siècle, le Vallon Obscur était un site niçois célèbre pour ses caractères physiques. La recherche porte d'abord sur la définition de cet objet géographique. Que sont les vallons obscurs, quels critères leur donnent vie et permettent de les localiser ? Cette expression imagée est à la fois toponyme, but de promenades touristiques et site remarquable. La deuxième partie, fondée sur l'exploitation des relevés de terrain et des documents ...

The Vallons Obscurs are "Natura 2000" sites in the Nice area. The series of valleys are situated on the left bank of the river Var near the city and are protected on a regional, national and European level. In the 19th century, the Vallon Obscur was a unique valley in the region famous for its physical charecteristics. The research focuses primarily on the definition of the geographical object. Of what do the valleys consist and what criteria bring them to life and allow us to locate them? The Vallons Obscurs indeed a very colourful expression, is simultaneously a habitation name, an area of reputable tourist trails and a truly remarkable site. The second part, based on the exploitation of field surveys and archival documents, examines the origins and originality of the darkness of the vallon obscur and compares their geo-systems and landscapes to those of the valleys not considered obscure. The third part explores the future of these valleys. The disappearance of the original Vallon Obscur raises the question of the sensitivity and fragility of such sites. A typology of the valleys opens reflection allows us to reflect on the procedure behind protection measures and their consequences. The study of the vallon obscur, a small spatial object that is neither a dark valley nor a dark ravine will lead us to consider the politics of environmental management on a more fitting level. ; Les Vallons Obscurs sont des sites Natura 2000 de la région niçoise, ensemble de vallons de rive gauche du Var, proches de la ville et protégés sur les plans régional, national et européen. Au XIXe siècle, le Vallon Obscur était un site niçois célèbre pour ses caractères physiques. La recherche porte d'abord sur la définition de cet objet géographique. Que sont les vallons obscurs, quels critères leur donnent vie et permettent de les localiser ? Cette expression imagée est à la fois toponyme, but de promenades touristiques et site remarquable. La deuxième partie, fondée sur l'exploitation des relevés de terrain et des documents ...

The Vallons Obscurs are "Natura 2000" sites in the Nice area. The series of valleys are situated on the left bank of the river Var near the city and are protected on a regional, national and European level. In the 19th century, the Vallon Obscur was a unique valley in the region famous for its physical charecteristics. The research focuses primarily on the definition of the geographical object. Of what do the valleys consist and what criteria bring them to life and allow us to locate them? The Vallons Obscurs indeed a very colourful expression, is simultaneously a habitation name, an area of reputable tourist trails and a truly remarkable site. The second part, based on the exploitation of field surveys and archival documents, examines the origins and originality of the darkness of the vallon obscur and compares their geo-systems and landscapes to those of the valleys not considered obscure. The third part explores the future of these valleys. The disappearance of the original Vallon Obscur raises the question of the sensitivity and fragility of such sites. A typology of the valleys opens reflection allows us to reflect on the procedure behind protection measures and their consequences. The study of the vallon obscur, a small spatial object that is neither a dark valley nor a dark ravine will lead us to consider the politics of environmental management on a more fitting level. ; Les Vallons Obscurs sont des sites Natura 2000 de la région niçoise, ensemble de vallons de rive gauche du Var, proches de la ville et protégés sur les plans régional, national et européen. Au XIXe siècle, le Vallon Obscur était un site niçois célèbre pour ses caractères physiques. La recherche porte d'abord sur la définition de cet objet géographique. Que sont les vallons obscurs, quels critères leur donnent vie et permettent de les localiser ? Cette expression imagée est à la fois toponyme, but de promenades touristiques et site remarquable. La deuxième partie, fondée sur l'exploitation des relevés de terrain et des documents ...

The marginalized and impoverished Downtown Eastside (DTES) neighbourhood of Vancouver, Canada has long been subjected to planning programs that have aimed to solve area problems through strategic government intervention. The 2011-2014 Local Area Planning Process (LAPP), led by the City of Vancouver in consultation with local actors, represents the most recent of such programs. Despite the LAPP's stated goal of inclusive participation, the resultant DTES plan transformed the political landscape of the neighbourhood and met with derision from stakeholders for its potential to generate dramatic capital-led transformations. In this paper, we critique participatory planning through a case study of the LAPP. We utilize a lens of critical toponymy (the investigation of the historical and political implications of place naming) as a methodological tool to examine planning technologies of power and their mobilization through governmental processes. We deploy a novel approach to toponymy, drawing on assemblage theory, that presents toponymy as a radically open and dynamic process mobilized relationally through a multiplicity of discourses and materialities. Our case study demonstrates that processes of toponymic assemblage within the DTES LAPP worked to 1) generate new territorial conflicts, 2) depoliticize community activism, and 3) co-opt racialized and class-based histories of displacement and dispossession to stimulate "revitalization" ("Japantown"). On the other hand, we found that in unanticipated ways, these processes worked to stimulate anti-gentrification activism, alliances, and resistance. Our analysis of planning highlights how toponymic agency can service oppressive and marginalizing place-framings, but it can also have liberating effects – by inspiring unlikely alliances and counter-framings. ; Non UBC ; Reviewed ; Faculty

The main purpose of any geographical name is the fixation of a particular object or territory with a spatial reference on the earth's surface. Regional toponymy is a priceless monument of spiritual culture of humanity, preserving the memory of the peoples about his past. Each name reflects the characteristics of the named object, causing the efficiency to attract them to various historical, geographical and linguistic problems. There's a certain degree of variability – as separate names, and toponymic complex – not only in space but also in time. This is due to features of the historical development of ethnic groups and territories, and ongoing political changes. However, in 1972 the General conference of UNESCO adopted the Convention concerning the protection of world cultural and natural heritage, intended to prevent distortions and renaming of historical names.In this regard, an important and urgent task is preservation of names of geographical objects, widely known in the past, and currently existing as an integral part of the historical and cultural heritage of the peoples of different regions of the Earth. In particular toponymy of certain regions of derussification, desovietization and decommunization as an object of multifaceted complex system of study should be dealt with, as well as analysis of toponyms subjected to these processes since their inception to the present time – preserved in historical sources, official documents and live speech, and in retrospective cartographic materials.In accordance with the comprehensive multidisciplinary focus of the study and toponymy in general, solving these tasks, as well as the promotion of scientific knowledge and information on the toponymy in the community, is designed to promote the development and creation of spatial databases for specialized toponymic GIS. Because toponymy as a separate territory is a system, its main structural and functional elements, interconnection and interaction, allow one widely to use the methods of geoinformation modeling and mapping. ; Главное назначение любого географического названия – фиксация конкретного объекта или территории с пространственной привязкой на земной поверхности. Региональная топонимия – бесценный памятник духовной культуры человечества, хранящий память народа о его прошлом. Каждое название отражает особенности именуемого объекта, обуславливая эффективность их привлечения для решения разнообразных исторических, географических и лингвистических задач. Известна определённая степень изменчивости – как отдельных названий, так и всего топонимического комплекса – не только в пространстве, но и во времени. Это связано с особенностями исторического развития этносов и территорий, а также происходящими политическими изменениями. Вместе с тем, ещё в 1972 г. Генеральная конференция ЮНЕСКО приняла Конвенцию об охране всемирного культурного и природного наследия, призвавшую не допускать искажений и переименований исторических топонимов.В связи с этим важной и актуальной задачей является сохранение наименований географических объектов, широко известных в прошлом и существующих в настоящее время, как составной части исторического и культурного наследия народов различных регионов Земли. Остро стоят проблемы исследования топонимии отдельных регионов дерусификации, десоветизации и декоммунизации, как объекта комплексного системного многоаспектного изучения; анализа подвергшихся этим процессам топонимов с момента их возникновения до настоящего времени – сохранившихся как в исторических источниках, официальных документах и живой речи, так и в ретроспективных картографических материалах.В соответствии с комплексной междисциплинарной направленностью исследования и топонимики в целом, решению названных задач, а также популяризации научных знаний и информации по топонимике в обществе, призваны способствовать разработка и создание пространственных баз данных специализированных топонимических ГИС. Поскольку топонимия отдельной территории представляет собой систему, ее основные структурные и функциональные элементы, взаимосвязи и взаимодействия позволяют достаточно широко использовать методы геоинформационного моделирования и картографирования.