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An active religious policy became a political reality in Germany after 1990. The judicial and societal status of religious communities is debated and disputed in public. The article sketches three or maybe already four phases of German state religious policy. It analyzes the scientific discussion about the pros and cons of religious policy in the disciplines of political science and academic social ethics in Germany. In political science, the positions cover a broader range of options than they do in in social ethics. In the latter the general support for the existing rules that guide the relationship of state and churches and religious communities is combined with critical remarks about suitable modifications and the political responsibility of the two main churches. References to the general challenge of integration in modern societies are frequently present in both disciplines. However, a systematic analysis of the effects of religious policies on integration policies is lacking. Intensified joint interdisciplinary research could foster the understanding of the normative basis of religious policy, its opportunities and implications for integration policies. Eine aktive Religionspolitik ist in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland nach 1990 zu einer politischen Realität geworden. Über den rechtlichen und gesellschaftlichen Status von Religionsgemeinschaften wird öffentlich diskutiert und gestritten. Der Beitrag skizziert drei bzw. mittlerweile wohl vier Phasen deutscher Religionspolitik und analysiert vor diesem Hintergrund die wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit dem Für und Wider staatlicher Religionspolitik in der Politikwissenschaft und der akademischen Sozialethik in Deutschland. In der Politikwissenschaft gehen die Positionen dazu deutlich weiter auseinander als in der Sozialethik, in der die Unterstützung für die bestehenden Regelungen des Verhältnisses von Staat und Kirchen bzw. Religionen mit kritischen Hinweisen zu wünschenswerten Modifikationen und zur religionspolitischen Verantwortung der beiden ...

This article is based on a plenary held during the Child & Youth Care in Action VI Conference: Moving Through Trails and Trials Toward Community Wellness, held in Victoria, British Columbia in April 2019. It explores how we can re-imagine child and youth care practice with African Canadian youth. This emerging paradigm aligns with child and youth care politicized praxis as well as trauma-informed and strengths-based approaches in the field's literature. We highlight the importance of mobilizing critical and transformative theoretical frameworks along with an Africentric worldview to substantially support youth of African descent with a strengths-based approach. Moreover, the protective role of Black-affirming spaces is developed and articulated. Keywords: child and youth care (CYC), youth work, Black-affirming space, African Canadian, youth ; Daniel, B. J. & Jean-Pierre, J. (2020). Re-imagining child and youth care practice with African Canadian youth. International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies, 11(2), 25–39 https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs112202019517

[Paragraph 1 of Introduction]: Although women make up more then half of Canada's volunteers, and a large number of voluntary organizations are exclusively female, there has been little research focussing on women's voluntary organizations. The purpose of this study is to correct this neglect by surveying 351 women's voluntary organizations (as defined in the Methods section), and comparing them to 294 voluntary organizations that do not fall into the category of women's organizations. Specifically, we investigate the responses of these voluntary organizations to the changes wrought by the neo-conservative political philosophy that has replaced the social democratic liberalism of the post-war era (see McBride and Shields, 1997). Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management Citation: ; Meinhard, A.G. & Foster, M. K. (2002). Women's Voluntary Organizations are Different: Their Response to Shifts in Canadian Policy. (Working Paper Series Volume 2002(2)). Toronto : Ted Rogers School of Management, Centre for Volunteer Sector Studies, Ryerson University.

In his six 1983 lectures published under the title, Fearless Speech (2001), Michel Foucault developed the theme of free speech and its relation to frankness, truth-telling, criticism, and duty. Derived from the ancient Greek word parrhesia, Foucault's analysis of free speech is relevant to the mentoring of medical students. This is especially true given the educational and social need to transform future physicians into able citizens who practice a fearless freedom of expression on behalf of their patients, the public, the medical profession, and themselves in the public and political arena. In this paper, we argue that Foucault's understanding of free speech, or parrhesia, should be read as an ethical response to the American Medical Association's recent educational effort, Initiative to Transform Medical Education (ITME): Recommendations for change in the system of medical education (2007). In this document, the American Medical Association identifies gaps in medical education, emphasizing the need to enhance health system safety and quality, to improve education in training institutions, and to address the inadequacy of physician preparedness in new content areas. These gaps, and their relationship to the ITME goal of promoting excellence in patient care by implementing reform in the US system of medical education, call for a serious consideration and use of Foucault's parrhesia in the way that medical students are trained and mentored. ; Originally published as: Papadimos, T. J., & Murray, S. J. (2008). Foucault's "fearless speech" and the transformation and mentoring of medical students. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 3(1), 12.

Given the decrease in government support of the voluntary sector, non-profit organizations will be increasing their fund-raising activity. This exploratory study investigates the differences in donating behaviour and attitudes among younger (18-34) and older (35+) Ontarians. Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management Citation: ; Foster, M. K. & Meinhard, A. G. (1997). Donating Behaviour and Attitudes: an Exploratory Study of the Differences in Age Cohorts. (Working Paper Series Volume 1997 (1)). Toronto : Ted Rogers School of Management, Centre for Volunteer Sector Studies, Ryerson University.

The Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Belize covers the period from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2022 (FY18-22). It presents the World Bank Group's (WBG) program and the anticipated results framework. It builds on the results and lessons of Belize's first Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) that covered the period FY12-15. This CPF is well aligned with the Government's long-term development vision, Horizon 2030: National Development Framework 2010-2030, and the thematic priorities emerging from the 2016 Belize Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD). The overarching goal of the proposed CPF is to support Belize in strengthening its economic resilience. Recognizing the special characteristics of a small state with associated capacity and absorptive constraints, the CPF proposes a consolidated and focused program. This will be the second full strategy for Belize, with the engagement still maturing, and it factors in lessons from the implementation of the first strategy. Therefore, the CPF will retain flexibility in some elements of the engagement that will be further defined with the Government during implementation. The Performance and Learning Review (PLR) at mid-point will incorporate necessary adjustments including in the Results Framework. The CPF is organized around two focus areas: (a) fostering climate resilience and environmental sustainability; and (b) promoting Financial Inclusion and social resilience. To support these focus areas, the CPF envisages the implementation of a program that could reach up to US$30 million in new loans, subject to how program performance evolves in the course of the CPF period, continued Government interest in IBRD financing, and on IBRD's lending capacity and demand from other borrowers. It will also be supported by non-lending instruments, notably Analytics and Advisory Services (ASAs), regional initiatives and trust fund resources.

Under California court decisions and then the California Legislature's 2019 AB5 bill, gig workers were poised to become employees under the law. But all that changed when in November 2020 the voters approved Proposition 22, which provides for a complicated set of new rules that gives gig workers some rights of employees, but not others, (like the right to bargain collectively). This "Dispatch" examines the events around the passage of Proposition 22 in more detail.