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Abstract
In this article, the author discusses a particular episode in the history of Hungary's foreign policy when the Hungarian Communist leadership attempted to expand its system of foreign policy relations within the Arab world in the 1960s. Regarding the latter, the analysis focuses on the Arabian Peninsula. The study is divided into four main parts. Accordingly, it presents the fundamental shift in attitudes toward socialist globalization following Stalin's death in the first unit. The following chapters describe the relationship between Hungary and the two Yemens, as well as Kuwait in chronological order until the 1970s. The main objective of the article is to detail the role of that foreign policy, which had already tried to give preference to pragmatic, economic aspects, regardless of the political-ideological system of the given state.

356State immunity — Enforcement — Property — Bank accounts of a diplomatic mission of a foreign State — Embassy of Indian Republic — Distinction between immunity of a foreign State from jurisdiction and immunity from enforcement — Whether bank accounts exempt from enforcement jurisdiction of Czech RepublicDiplomatic relations — Immunity — Property — Bank accounts of a diplomatic mission of a foreign State — Indian Republic Embassy in Prague — Whether bank accounts exempt from enforcement jurisdiction of Czech Republic — Czech Act on Private International Law — United Nations Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property, 2004, Articles 19(c) and 21(1)(a) — Whether bank accounts used exclusively in performance of function of diplomatic mission — Whether bank accounts could be attached in an execution — Whether decision of lower courts correct — The law of the Czech Republic

This book provides a detailed examination of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) after closer integration in the European Union. An important facet of European economic integration was the development of a free-trade area in Central and Eastern Europe, which improved market accessibility. However, to date these relations have been little explored theoretically. The book examines foreign investments in different transition countries from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective. It analyzes changes in the choice of location by foreign investors in nineteen CEE countries between 1992 and 2015, and shows that it is linked to the removal of intra-regional trade barriers. The findings suggest that regional integration increases the incentives for multinationals to invest in the participating countries, especially in those with larger markets and lower production costs.

Following the disintegration of the socialist system in Europe and the end of the bloc-based relations, American politics has changed the course of its operation. In present-day circumstances, Southeastern Europe is becoming increasingly prominent in American foreign-policy projections, particularly during Clinton's administration. Clinton has defined a clear-cut policy towards Europe's southeast due to its vicinity to certain neuralgic points of American engagement (Near East, the Caspian region, the Gulf, eastern Mediterranean). In this way American politics has proved its leading global role. At the time of scarcity of foreign-policy events, Clinton's team has thus been served on a platter a major foreign-policy arena, in which its engagement - which has all the symptoms of a long-lasting one - has not proved too costly. (SOI : PM: S. 20)

State immunity — Attachment and execution — Embassy bank account — Judgment creditor seeking to levy execution against foreign State by attachment of bank account — Principles of international law governing immunity of embassy funds from enforcement jurisdiction of receiving State — Whether execution permissible only if account used exclusively for non-sovereign purposes.Relationship of international law and municipal law — Executive statements — Certificate of foreign embassy that funds in use for sovereign functions — Note issued by Ministry of Foreign Affairs that such funds not subject to attachmentDiplomatic relations — Immunity — Embassy bank account — Account in use for meeting running expenses of embassy — Whether subject to execution in receiving State489Sources of international law — Judicial decisions — Decision of Federal German Constitutional Court as evidence of customary international law — The law of Austria

10 The foreign exchange market -- 11 Balance of payments and national accounts -- 12 The role of the exchange rate in the adjustment process in a partial equilibrium framework -- 13 The role of income changes in the adjustment process -- 14 The absorption approach and interactions between exchange rate and income in the adjustment process -- 15 Money and other assets in the adjustment process under fixed exchange rates -- 16 Money and other assets in the adjustment process under flexible exchange rates -- 17 International capital movements and other problems -- 18 Fixed versus flexible exchange rates -- 19 International liquidity and international financial markets -- 20 The problem of integration between the pure theory of international trade and international monetary economics -- Name Index.

This paper, generated in response to Diplomatic History's call for scholars of US diplomacy & US-Middle Eastern policy to participate in a roundtable, "On the Road to & from September 11th," argues that after the September 11 (2001) terrorist attacks the Bush administration reworked its Middle East policy. A new policy of unilateralism & indifference towards international institutions emerged. Secrecy & conformity became the chosen methods of the president & his advisors. The "war against terrorism" was launched in such a way that the impact of past policies was no longer considered, human & social welfare became unimportant, & political consequences were ignored. Most importantly, the human side of the conflict was censored. The following case studies are presented to illustrate the historically self-interested nature of US foreign policy: (1) US support for Saddam Hussain before the Gulf War; (2) political & commercial relations between the US & Afghanistan both before & after September 11; & (3) Israeli, Palestinian, & US analysts' views concerning the Oslo accords. K. Larsen

Argues that the US has assumed an imperial role in the "Islamic Arc" that is incoherent, impractical, & increasingly costly. Since 11 September 2001, the US has attacked & occupied Afghanistan & Iraq & positioned forces in neighboring Central Asian countries. Although ties between the US & Pakistan have deepened with promises of a $3 billion aid package, US relations with Syria & Iran have worsened; postwar resistance has increased in Iraq; & the US-backed government in Afghanistan remains extremely insecure & would likely fall without the protection of US forces. In addition, the Israelis & Palestinians are no closer to a comprehensive peace & Islamic populations are becoming increasingly unhappy with America's imperial role. It is concluded that the price of the Bush administration's imperial policies, in terms of both blood & money, may be more than the American people are willing to pay. A change is needed before more damage is done to America's interests, reputation, & financial position. J. Lindroth

Explores the unlikely alliance that exists between Turkey & Israel, the resulting opportunities/risks, & prospects for its continuation. It is argued that the present understanding was precipitated by new regional/global forces that emerged at the end of the Cold War; the Persian Gulf War; & the technological revolution in Israel. An overview of connections between Turkey & Israel since the latter's birth in 1948 calls attention to rancorous relations prior to 1985, dramatic improvement after the Gulf War & announcement of the Madrid conference, & high-level dialogue in the 1990s. It is maintained that the partnership is based on shared interests surrounding economic growth, security, cooperation over resources, military support, & technological collaboration. In addition, Israel's privileged relationship with the US is attractive to Turkey, which is surrounded by hostile, authoritarian, anti-Western regimes. Issues that potentially threaten the Turkish-Israeli partnership are discussed, including disputes over Armenia, prospects of Israeli peace with Syria, & the possibility of extreme nationalist or religious factions in Turkey turning that nation back toward its Islamic roots. J. Lindroth

It has been suggested that British intellectuals were either indifferent to decolonisation or sought to downplay its impact. As a consequence, historians of international thought have overlooked the extensive debates that occurred among scholars and intellectuals concerned with British foreign policy and international relations. This article addresses those debates, examining the responses of internationalist, Whig, realist, and radical thinkers to decolonization and to what they thought to be the changes it brought about in contemporary world politics. It argues that far from being indifferent to decolonisation, many British students of international relations were deeply worried about what some called 'the revolt against the West', and that those concerned helped shape the distinctive character of British international thought in the formative period of the discipline of International Relations (IR).

Provides a portrait of the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) that turned 50 years in 2009. Even if the institute started from a relatively restricted research perspective on the East-West relations, it has grown to include a large variety of areas from development to security policy. The institute has a legal status, official control, organizational essence and its main task is to enlighten international relation. Despite its institutional status, the research conducted by NUPI is distinguished from both academic basic research and user-oriented consulting solutions. What really distinguishes NUPI, however, is its status as the only research institute that focuses on foreign policy and international relations that are of Norwegian interest and produced in the Norwegian language. L. Pitkaniemi