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A wide range of research and review articles are presented. Topic areas include mental and physical health, personality correlates of spirituality, validity evidence for the ASPIRES, and the role of religious values on socio-political attitudes. Also included in this volume are studies examining women's issues surrounding body image and disordered eating. Another paper addresses Christian Serpent handlers, a very understudied group, and the legal, religious, and moral issues surrounding this practice

Examines the decision by the State School Board for Kansas to delete the topic of Darwinian evolution from the required curriculum for high school biology, and the topic of big-bang cosmology from the required curriculum for high school physics.

Die religiöse und kirchliche Entwicklung in der Slowakei verlief im 20. Jahrhundert eingebettet in ihre ostmitteleuropäischen Kontexte. Zugleich weist sie grundlegende Besonderheiten auf, welche die Geschichte des Landes prägten. Dazu gehören Einflüsse aus der Zeit bis 1918, in der das Gebiet der heutigen Slowakei zum ungarischen Teil der Habsburgermonarchie gehörte. Im 20. Jahrhundert wirkte sich dann die Zugehörigkeit zur Tschechoslowakei aus. In Auseinandersetzung mit der tschechoslowakischen Staatsidee verlief die Geschichte der Kirchen in ihrem Verhältnis zu Staat und Gesellschaft jedoch unterschiedlich zum tschechischen Landesteil. In diesem Handbuch wird diese Entwicklung erstmals umfassend und mit Blick auf alle Kirchen und Glaubensgemeinschaften des Landes dargestellt. 33 Autorinnen und Autoren aus den Fachgebieten Geschichte, Theologie, Politologie bzw. Soziologie haben mit ihren Beiträgen zu dieser Gesamtschau beigetragen

Der Aufsatz fokussiert die historischen Veränderungen des Häresieverständnisses der mittelalterlichen lateinischen Kirche. Er weist vor allem darauf hin, dass sich am Verständnis dieses zentralen Begriffs Prozesse der Verrechtlichung, aber auch auf sie antwortende religiöse Neukonzeptionierungen nachvollziehen lassen, die insgesamt eine komplexe Ko-Evolution rechtlicher und religiöser Normen aufzeigen.

AbstractOver a century ago, Horace Plunkett began a debate about the role of religion in Irish development, pointing to what he saw as the economic shortcomings of Roman Catholicism. Thereafter, however, the debate waned, and only limited scholarship has subsequently investigated the significance of religion in Irish development, especially in statistical terms. In this article that lacuna is addressed, using a quantitative approach to examine the relationship between Roman Catholicism and economic and financial development in the post‐Famine era. Attention is directed to a variety of development indicators, namely, education, occupations, and commerce. By focusing on a selection of measures over time, it is possible to determine more precisely where differences, if any, occurred between the denominations and whether such differences changed over the period. The analysis reveals that Roman Catholicism tends to be initially negatively associated with more advanced development outcomes, but that this association weakens over time. As such, the results point to an economic convergence between Roman Catholics and Protestants, complementing historical evidence on an upward Catholic socioeconomic transition—a 'Catholic embourgeoisement'—in the post‐Famine era.

"In one of the truly great classics of twentieth-century political economy, R.H. Tawney addresses the question of how religion has affected social and economic practices. He does this by a relentless tracking of the influence of religious thought on capitalist economy and ideology since the Middle Ages. In so doing he sheds light on why Christianity continues to exert a unique role in the marketplace. In so doing, the book offers an incisive analysis of the historical background of present morals and mores in Western culture. Religion and the Rise of Capitalism is even more pertinent now than when it first was published; for today it is clearer that the dividing line between spheres of religion and secular business is shifting, that economic interests and ethical considerations are no longer safely locked in separate compartments. By examining that period which saw the transition from medieval to modern theories of social organization, Tawney clarifies the most pressing problems of the end of the century. In tough, muscular, richly varied prose, he tells an absorbing and meaningful story. And in his new introduction, which may well be a classic in its own right, Adam Seligman details Tawney's entire background, the current status of social science thought on these large issues, and a comparative analysis of Tawney with Max Weber that will at once delight and inform readers of all kinds."--Provided by publisher.

Agriculture and Religion in the Angkorian Empire
History and archeology show that the Khmers, when they first came to settle in the plains of Northern Cambodia, were strongly influenced by their Indian and Founan experiences. Their initial form ôf agriculture was dependent solely on unreliable rivers and on the much too short summer monsoons. Beginning with the establishment of Angkor in the 9th century, the Khmers underwent a complete agricultural revolution which was responsible for their exceptional development. The basis of this revolution was the "hydraulic city", a vast water system making it possible to stock rain water, impound and regulate rivers and irrigate permanent rice fields, thus assuring both an abundant and stable production. The success of this form of exploitation was also due to their religion, which, though expressed in terms of Hindouism, was actually derived from more ancient soil and water cults.

Language and religion are arguably the two most socially and politically consequential domains of cultural difference in the modern world. Yet there have been very few efforts to compare the two in any sustained way. I begin by aligning language and religion, provisionally, with ethnicity and nationhood, and by sketching five ways in which language and religion are both similar to and similarly intertwined with ethnicity and nationhood. I then identify a series of key differences between language and religion and draw out their implications for the political accommodation of cultural heterogeneity. I show that religious pluralism tends to be more intergenerationally robust and more deeply institutionalised than linguistic pluralism in western liberal democracies, and I argue that religious pluralism entails deeper and more divisive forms of diversity. The upshot is that religion has tended to displace language as the cutting edge of contestation over the political accommodation of cultural difference -- a striking reversal of the longer-term historical process through which language had previously displaced religion as the primary focus of contention. Adapted from the source document.

Dostoevsky beyond Dostoevsky is a collection of essays with a broad interdisciplinary focus. It includes contributions by leading Dostoevsky scholars, social scientists, scholars of religion and philosophy. The volume considers aesthetics, philosophy, theology, and science of the 19th century Russia and the West that might have informed Dostoevsky's thought and art. Issues such as evolutionary theory and literature, science and society, scientific and theological components of comparative intellectual history, and aesthetic debates of the nineteenth century Russia form the core of the intellectual framework of this book. Dostoevsky's oeuvre with its wide-ranging interests and engagement with philosophical, religious, political, economic, and scientific discourses of his time emerges as a particularly important case for the study of cross-fertilization among disciplines.

De plus en plus fréquemment invoquée comme facteur explicatif des principaux conflits contemporains, qu'il s'agisse du conflit israélo-palestinien, des guerres en Irak, au Yémen et en Syrie ou des tensions récurrentes en Afrique, la religion en tant qu'élément identitaire n'est en réalité bien souvent qu'un facteur venant s'agréger à des causes plus profondes ou à des enjeux plus classiques, telles les rivalités de territoire ou de pouvoir .

Gegenwärtige Selbstverständigungsdebatten westlicher Gesellschaften sind von Krisendiskursen geprägt, die sich oftmals religiös-apokalyptischer Symbolik bedienen. Die Zukunft, so scheint es, kann, zumindest in europäischen Diskursen, oft nur noch im Modus des Katastrophischen gedacht werden. Ein solches Zukunftsdenken hat Auswirkungen auf das gegenwärtige Handeln und stellt unsere traditionellen ethischen Leitbegriffe in Frage. Wer kann Verantwortung für die Zukunft noch übernehmen, wenn die Katastrophe unabwendbar scheint? Dieser Band versammelt die Beiträge der interdisziplinären Abschlusstagung des Forschungskollegs «Die Krise der Zukunft» des Zentrums für Religion, Wirtschaft und Politik (ZRWP) Basel. Die Texte beschäftigen sich in ethischer Perspektive mit den Fragen, die aktuelle Formen der Zukunftsdiskursivierung mit sich bringen.