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Abstract
Culture always plays an important role in creating and affecting happiness in human beings. This study examined the predictive power of cultural factors of differences in happiness and well-being. It explored how different dimensions of cultural and psychological indices differ in their effects on happiness. Growing evidence suggests that happiness is associated with success in multiple domains, such as work, education, culture, and social relationships. We used both qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the relationship between the various factors of well-being and happiness. This study investigates the relationship between happiness and well-being in cultural and psychological resources through the concept of psychological capital, education, workplace well-being, and perceived happiness. This study compares the personal and group level cultural, social, and economic aspects of the Pakistani community that resides in cities in mainland China. Moreover, the main pillars of workplace happiness were determined to be understanding goals, finding meaning in work, and establishing social relationships at both the personal and group levels. We found that happiness and well-being are strongly associated with the behaviour of the people and leadership.

Argues that the Charter leans towards a social democratic ideology and suffers from restrictive implications. Outlines an alternative vision of the EC based on individual freedom and decentralised political structures. (SJK)

"In incorporating social process into a model of the dynamics of mental disorders, this text questions the individualistic model favoured in current psychiatric and psychoanalytic theory. While the conventional psychiatric viewpoint seeks the causes of mental illness, Scheff views "the symptoms of mental illness" as the violation of residual rules - social norms so taken for granted that they are not explicitly verbalized. The sociological theory developed by Scheff to account for such behaviour provides a framework for studies reported in subsequent chapters. Two key assumptions emerge: first, that most chronic mental illness is in part a social role; and second, that societal reaction may in part determine entry into that role. Throughout, the sociological model of mental illness is compared and contrasted with more conventional medical and psychological models in an attempt to delineate significant problems for further analysis and research. This third edition has been revised and expanded to encompass the controversy prompted by the first edition, and also to re-evaluate developments in the field. New to this edition are discussions of the use of psychoactive drugs in the treatment of mental illness, changing mental health laws, new social science and psychiatric studies, and the controversy surrounding the labelling theory of mental illness itself."--Provided by publisher

This impressionistic autobiographical inquiry is an attempt to connect the personal with the socio-historical—addiction with Addiction; it is also an attempt to demonstrate that knowledge production can be generated through radically non-traditional means. Narrative serves as method and methodology in a mostly first person account of a fictional open AA meeting. A suspicious hermeneutics is applied to addiction, to AA, and to the phenomenon of total medicalization, which the author and narrative finally succumb to, in the interest of questioning common sense assumptions about these themes, and as jumping off points for literary and philosophical exploration. Highlighted is the semi-fictionalized storied nature of reflected upon lived experience—the personal telephone game of (Paul Ricoeur's) narrative identity—and the role of institutions like AA in grafting onto lived experience new narrative forms that allow for new ways of structuring self and identity. All the made-up aspects of the narrative—the multi-tracked narrator's voice, shifts in point-of-view, and the semi and sometimes totally imagined characters encountered at the meeting and elsewhere—are the fiction the author makes of his personal history as an addict and newcomer in AA, which complicates the relation between knower and known (author and reader) while enriching and enlivening the narrative, drawing the reader into a literary representation of imagined and lived experience

"Living with water brings together sociologists, geographers, artists, writers and poets to explore the ways in which water binds, immerses and supports us. Drawing from international research on river crossings, boat dwelling, wild swimming, sea fishing, and drought impacts, and navigating urban waters, glacial lagoons, barrier reefs and disappearing tarns, the collection illuminates the ways that we live with and without water, and explores how we can think and write with water on land. Water offers a way of attending to emerging and enduring social and ecological concerns and making sense of them in lively and creative ways. By approaching Living with water from different disciplinary and methodological perspectives, and drawing on research from around the world, this collection opens up discussions that reinvigorate and renew previously landlocked debates. This book is relevant to United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6, Clean water and sanitation." -- Amazon

The general concept of marketing of the whycle market consists of a marketing complex development. It represents the marketing strategy and the marketing program realization. The marketing strategy includes a choice of the target markets, a choice of target segments, making up of the strategy of positioning for these segments in the selected markets, the strategy of steering of a brand and making up of long-range image of a brand. The marketing program represents a complex of operations, directed on realization of the accepted strategy, powering up number of programs: grocery, price, marketing and advancement. Making up of a tool set of a marketing complex depends on a condition status and the basic tendencies of developing of an environment. The environment of the company can be subdivided into a microhabitat (buyers, automobile companies, a dealer network), and the macroenvironment consisting of the economic, social, political and technological environment. ; Досліджено концепцію маркетингового комплексу, яка залежить від стану й головних тенденцій розвитку зовнішнього середовища компанії. Вона складається з мікро- (покупці, автомобільні компанії, дилерська мережа) і макросередовища, яке охоплює економічне, соціальне, політичне і технологічне. Концепція маркетингу ринку легкових автомобілів полягає в розробці маркетингового комплексу, який є маркетинговою стратегією і програмою її реалізації (маркетинговою програмою). Досліджено маркетингову стратегію, що складається з цільових ринків і сегментів, формування стратегії позиціювання для них на обраних ринках, стратегії керування і формування перспективного іміджу бренду. Маркетингова програма – це комплекс дій, спрямованих на реалізацію прийнятої стратегії, яка містить низку програм: продуктову, цінову, збутову і просування. Зроблено припущення щодо головних тенденцій розвитку ринку легкових автомобілів у майбутньому.

This note addresses terrorism with a focus on selected economic and policy issues, including the actual role of the OSCE in the fight against terrorism. Considering the vast amount of literature on terrorism published after "9/11," a selection of topics and reference material had to be made, partly relying on personal preferences and perception of the phenomenon. However, we believe that the selected issues are relevant for addressing terrorism from the standpoint of economic policy at least. Four parts are distinguished: —The first one reviews a set of preliminary issues such as defining terrorism, history, geography, data and research. —The second part presents recent findings about the costs of terrorism and the benefits of antiterrorism. —The third part concentrates on the economic analysis of the phenomenon and policy implications: statistical regularities and forecasting, poverty, suicide terrorism, wealth and sponsoring, and immigration. —The fourth part summarizes the role of the OSCE economic dimension in the fight against terrorism. It should be made clear that terrorism is a very complex phenomenon that combines many factors such as ethnicity, minority/majority status and relations, social stratification and mobility, "territoriality" and statehood, etc. Subsequently, for the sake of effectiveness and success, economic policy measures that address terrorism must be designed in the context of broader policies and strategies that integrate other, and possibly, more important dimensions, including the need for a sustainable peace settlement in the Middle East, and moving ahead with democratization and the protection of human rights in many countries, including those that are seen as "fragile states" by the OECD.

The Report traces trends and patterns in economic and non-economic aspects of inequality and examines their causes and consequences. Its overarching conclusion is that the global commitment to overcoming inequality, as outlined at the 1995 World Summit for Social Development and endorsed in the Millennium Declaration, is fading. Eighty per cent of the world's GDP belongs to the 1 billion people in the developed world; the remaining 20 per cent is shared by 5 billion people in developing countries. Failure to address this inequality ensures that social justice and better living conditions for all people remain elusive, and that we remain vulnerable to social, political and economic upheaval.

XREAP, a Catalan Network for Research in Applied Economics of 7 research groups, has organised together with the Management School of the Radboud University a seminar on long-term care service bringing together insights of the situationof this sector in Catalonia and the Netherlands. However, this electronic book includes also contribution from Germany and Finland faciliationg the lecturer a wider European perspective on developments in the longterm care labour markets and the organisation of the care service.
One of the mayor concerns of the European Union is its ageing population and to develop adequate social and economic strategy to face this challenge. One of the key issues is how care for elderly and dependent people in the future assuring the access of all, who need care, to high quality services. There is a wide range of system configuration in the European Union as well as at national as at regional level. But all these particular systems must gave respond to two main challenges caused by the multiple demographic changes: a) The increasing demand of professionalized care services and b) The lack of qualified workforces to satisfy this demand assuring a high care quality under public budget restriction. This e-book brings together articles of authors from four European countries reflecting trends in the search for new combinations between institutional, family and community provision for high quality long-term care services.

Onder invloed van een aantal factoren van politiek-institutionele en van sociaal-culturele aard vloeien vele voordelen van het sociaal beleid, verhoudingsgewijze en tendentieel, meer naar de hogere sociale categorieën dan naar de lagere (Matteüseffect). Dit wordt empirisch aangetoond voor België (1976 en 1979) enerzijds voor de vervangingsuitkeringen van de sociale zekerheid, anderzijds voor de onderwijsuitgaven, kinderbijslagen, gezondheidszorgen, huisvesting en culturele infrastructuur. In het raam van de verzorgingsstaat is het volume sociale overheidsuitgaven enorm toegenomen, maar dit moet veeleer opgevat worden als een anders gestructureerde verdeling van de toegenomen welvaart dan als een herverdeling. De moderne armoede is het problematisch aspect van de ongelijke inkomensverdeling alsmede van de ongelijke deelname aan sociale goederen en diensten.