Suchergebnisse

The focus of this publication is primarily on newbuilding for low-income and vulnerable groups, often referred to in English as 'affordable housing', that is, housing for groups on the market's periphery who suffer from high barriers. The financial aspects of housing are central, especially as regards new-building costs, subsidies, social housing models, and affordability. Nordic cities are segregated, and new housing development, application of diverse forms of tenure, and housing subsidies are examples of tools that can either worsen or reduce segregation, depending on how they are used. The market seems unable, on its own, to supply enough suitable housing for students, young people, low-income groups, and newly arrived immigrants, among others. This is of political interest since it challenges the whole idea of the Nordic welfare model, and social cohesion and equality as characteristics of the Nordic region.

AbstractBackgroundRecovery is a widely accepted paradigm in mental health care, whilst the correctional and forensic–psychiatric field is still searching for foundations for its implementation. Knowledge regarding recovery of persons with intellectual disabilities in secure contexts is limited. This study assesses recovery needs and resources among persons with intellectual disabilities labelled not criminally responsible and investigates the impact of the judicial label on recovery processes.MethodsA sample of 26 individuals was composed purposively, and in‐depth interviews were conducted. Recurrent themes were identified using thematic analysis.ResultsTraditional recovery themes emerged from the narratives, next to aspects of recovery in a forensic or correctional context. However, the operationalization and proportional impact are specific for this sample.ConclusionsThe social dimension overarches all other recovery dimensions. The integration of an explicit social rhetoric is imperative, including contextual, relational, interactional and societal dimensions. This offers pathways to reverse the traditional, paternalistic model of exclusion and classification.

AbstractThis paper analyses the relationship between informal institutions measured by social trust and the provision of private credit. Research on the trust–finance relationship abounds, although most of it is confined to the micro-level, with far fewer contributions from a wide, cross-country perspective. Considering a sample of 119 economies in the period 1993–2015, results suggest that social trust is an important determinant of private credit, and that its effects are transmitted indirectly via some particular aspects of the quality of economic-judicial institutions. In addition, and contrary to previous findings in related areas, substitutive effects for informal and formal institutions are not found. Therefore, informal institutions can improve the quality of the certain types of formal institutions but they are, per se, unable to replace them in the provision of credit. Accordingly, a solid economic-judicial system becomes essential to guarantee credit transactions.

The term liberal peace is employed to explain the absence of fatal conflict between democratic nations that are also economically interdependent. The expression, liberal peace, therefore, has an economic dimension, as well as an element based on a common polity and sets of values. I sketch the ideal and economic versions of the liberal peace theory. Policies promoting globalization may engender a backlash social conflict risks, as they produce inequality. In developed countries we witness the rise of populism, and the rolling back of the liberal aspects of democracy in developing countries. The avoidance of these problems require careful management of policies such that growth is broad-based, and policies promoting greater openness are sufficiently cushioned to protect losers. It is also necessary to manage globalization, and limit its negative impact on domestic social contracts, particularly when it comes to inequality, labour rights and fiscal austerity.

Sport has always played a prominent role in civil society. Although it has been conceived as a strategic political means throughout history, nowadays sport is considered a positive force in achieving sustainable development. The international documents recognize the contributions it makes to health, education and social inclusion objectives. Anyway, the analysis concerning the relationship between sport and the city should consider both social and physical aspects because people are progressively understanding the city as an ideal palimpsest for sports activities. In this regard, the new phenomenon called "street sport" represents a real challenge for urban governance and planning. The present study focuses on policies and urban design projects adopted by Cagliari City Council to make Cagliari a great Sports City. Cagliari has unique environmental, geographical and climatic features which allow to promote sport activities throughout the year. Moreover, in the recent

Conservation biology was founded on the idea that efforts to save nature depend on a scientific understanding of how it works. It sought to apply ecological principles to conservation problems. We investigated whether the relationship between these fields has changed over time through machine reading the full texts of 32,000 research articles published in 16 ecology and conservation biology journals. We examined changes in research topics in both fields and how the fields have evolved from 2000 to 2014. As conservation biology matured, its focus shifted from ecology to social and political aspects of conservation. The 2 fields diverged and now occupy distinct niches in modern science. We hypothesize this pattern resulted from increasing recognition that social, economic, and political factors are critical for successful conservation and possibly from rising skepticism about the relevance of contemporary ecological theory to practical conservation.

Abstract The municipality of Sorriso-MT has become the largest grain producer in the country in the last 40 years, which has caused important economic, social and local changes. Thus, we seek to analyze and understand the dynamics of these transformations. We evaluate the growth of agricultural activity in the Municipality, the reduction of areas of natural vegetation and relate the growth of production with aspects of economic and social development. In order to verify the temporal transformations in the landscape, maps of soil occupation were elaborated from satellite images, in a five-year time scale (1985 to 2015). In 2015, 24.97% of the area of the Municipality covered by natural vegetation. Soy is the main crop, present in 68.6% of the area of the Municipality. If, on the one hand, agricultural activities generate taxes that are fundamental to municipal obligations, on the other hand, they also generate relevant socioenvironmental impacts.

This article presents part of the results of a doctoral dissertation concerned on sustainable sanitation in Costa Rica. Specifically, this article relates to environmental sanitation policies implemented in the country. Environmental sanitation is a complex concept because it implies the integration of different aspects related to drinking water, sanitation, and the management of solid waste; and its diverse implications in terms of improving human well-being and environmental conditions, especially in contexts of poverty and social exclusion. Thus, efforts must be directed to the legal obligation of governments to commit themselves to attain sustainable development goals under the notion of people's basic right to live in a healthy environment. Social work advocacy plays a major role in promoting policy changes by positioning the issue at the top of national and local agendas as well as looking for improvements in terms of planning and implementation of projects.

Investigating different political and social variables in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is receiving more attention between social scientists, particularly in the peace and conflict institutes. This is due to the uniqueness of the region and to the violent conflicts it has witnessed for the last decades. These conflicts become intrastate but transitional, hence transfer into internationalized civil conflicts, and have large externalities exceeding the region borders. These conflicts show the high connectedness between the MENA countries, and recently the Arab Spring affirms the 'contagion effect' of upheavals in the region. Following multidisciplinary approach, this research note is a try to explain how much important it is to study the MENA conflicts from a regional perspective and to present the factors proving the contagion effects there. We hope that when reading this note, the reader will sufficiently understand the regional aspects of the MENA conflicts.

Existing question data banks for social science survey research mainly operate at the national level. National question data banks serve their constituent research communities and only include questions from surveys that have been conducted within their own countries. This limits the pool of available questions to draw from, as well as possibilities for cross-national comparative research, an increasingly important aim of social science investigation. The CESSDA EuroQuestion-Bank (EQB) project implements a cross-national question bank with a central search facility across all CESSDA's survey holdings to display survey questions in different languages in a user-friendly application. A wide variety of surveys, survey questions, and question-related information are provided by CESSDA Service Providers (SPs), who contribute their documentation by using DDI standardized metadata. This paper outlines functionalities of the EQB application, technical aspects of the EQB architecture and introduces the EQB metadata schema.

This article examines the conceptualisation of materialities in feminist theory through two paradigmatic examples: (French) materialist feminism and new materialisms. What can be interpreted as an opposition between different paradigms can also be disrupted as long as we define what matters as a relation or a process rather than a substance or a lost paradise to which we should return. New materialisms indeed help to investigate aspects such as corporeality, human/non-human interaction and textures, but the role of feminist materialism is invaluable in highlighting the social structures of power relations; more than ever, it makes a decisive contribution to the understanding of domination, such as the social relations and hierarchies implied in femosecularism conceptualised in this article. Ultimately, the tool of hybridised materialisms aims to articulate the theoretical perspective of materialist feminism with that of the new materialisms – in order to avoid the binarism between materiality and culture.

This article describes different aspects of foreign language teaching in the public universities of the Americas: historical references, an inventory of the languages offered, their status and the social, cultural, educational, political, and economic factors that determine their presence in these institutions. This study is based on factors such as the weight of languages and linguistic policies and aims to analyze the place that these languages have within the university context. ; En este artículo se tratan aspectos sobre la enseñanza de las lenguas extranjeras en las universidades públicas americanas: algunas referencias históricas, un inventario de idiomas enseñados, su estatus y los factores sociales, culturales, educativos, políticos y económicos que determinan su presencia en estas instituciones. El análisis se apoya en factores como peso de las lenguas y políticas lingüísticas para descubrir el lugar que las lenguas ocupan en el quehacer universitario.

Shariah is the concrete embodiment in the middle of thecommunity. Even so, the Shari'ah as puts the teachings of Islamgrew in a variety of situations, conditions and aspects of spacetime.The ontological reality of Shari'ah is then gave birth to theepistemology of Islamic law (fiqh) which is basically a remotelyand called the scholars with a social fact enclosing them. Thesehistorical facts show that Islamic law (fiqh) justification of theplurality of the formulation of the law due to the role ofepistemology "langage games" are different. Islam in the middle ofthe progress of all fields as a result of copyright, taste as well asthe work of man now this is demanded in the notice will satisfy thedevelopment of knowledge and technology. The history of thedevelopment of Islamic law have taught us that the transformationof social values, cultural, economic, and even political influencethe occurrence of changes in Islamic law.

The agitations of the period of the war were a protest with an anti-militarist character which marked the beginning of a popular insurrection that involved, for a week, all the regions of Italy. The period was characterized by a profound unease which had both economic and social causes: in 1914-15 there were many clashes between citizens in favor of intervention and those against it. During the years of the war the spontaneous protests involved almost exclusively women and children. The defining aspect of the protest was a moral revolt against injustice: in the countryside against the local authorities, in the towns against the government, speculators and shopkeepers and against all those who did not seem to be paying the price of the war. The length of the war produced a greater awareness of rights: in relation to sacrifices, the people demanded a broader social equality and the end of privilege

Amitav Ghosh is one of the world's finest novelists. He seems to be interested and preoccupied with the individuals who caught up in the web of cultural, social and political diversities. In Ghosh's Sea of Poppies, People from different social backgrounds are portrayed and re-enacts the history of indentured servant or Indian laborers. The novel focuses on their troubles and position in the society, and also the anguish of departure from their motherland. The paper focuses on the elements of characters that are related to their ocean life, passage of slaves and the experience of violence. Ghosh's Sea of Poppies (2008) is a nautical fictional creation based on a wide research not on various aspects of the colonial rule in the Indian subcontinent. The paper focuses on how the opium war is fictionalized to serve the purpose of depicting ecocide during the colonial period.