Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Preface -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Abbreviations -- Part I Introduction -- 1 Towards a Global Script? Governance Transfer by Regional Organizations -- 2 Mapping Governance Transfer by 12 Regional Organizations: A Global Script in Regional Colors -- Part II Africa -- 3 Against All Odds: Strong Democratic Norms in the African Union -- 4 Writing the Script? ECOWAS's Military Intervention Mechanism -- 5 Agent Run Amuck: The SADC Tribunal and Governance Transfer Roll-back -- Part III Middle East and Asia -- 6 Why Create a Regional Human Rights Regime? The ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission for Human Rights -- 7 Just Leave Us Alone: The Arab League and Human Rights -- 8 A 'Potemkin Village'? Governance Transfer by the CIS -- Part IV The Americas -- 9 Ahead of the Curve: The OAS as a Pioneer of International Anti-Corruption Efforts -- 10 Beyond Free Trade: Accounting for Labor and Environmental Governance Standards in NAFTA -- 11 At Last: Protection and Promotion of Human Rights by Mercosur -- Part V Europe -- 12 Too Little, Too Late? Governance Transfer and the Eastern Enlargement of the Council of Europe -- 13 Why Being Democratic Is Just Not Enough: The EU's Governance Transfer -- Part VI Conclusions -- 14 Patching Together a Global Script: The Demand for and Supply of Governance Transfer by Regional Organizations -- References -- Index.

Die Studie befasst sich mit der Rolle der ESI-Fonds bei dem Aufbau der Europäischen Gesundheitsunion (EHU) vor dem Hintergrund der Halbzeitüberprüfung des mehrjährigen Finanzrahmens und der hohen Varianz der Übersterblichkeit zwischen und innerhalb der EU-Mitgliedstaaten während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Im Einzelnen analysiert die Studie die Determinanten der regionalen Übersterblichkeit und untersucht, wie die ESI-Fonds durch Kohäsions- und die Konvergenzförderung zum Aufbau der EHU und zur Schaffung von resilienten Gesundheitssystemen beitragen können. Das Papier stützt sich auf drei Thesen: (1) Ökonomische Deprivation und Unterschiede in der medizinischen Infrastruktur beeinflussen die Übersterblichkeit während der Pandemie; (2) Unterstützung durch die ESI-Fonds kann die medizinische Infrastruktur verbessern; und (3) die ESI-Fonds unterstützen den Aufbau resilienter Gesundheitssysteme.

This article charts the evolving role of Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) in Poland. It argues that changes to regional institutional and policy environments, linked to processes of regionalisation, EU accession, and the administration of European Union structural funds, have prompted increasing diversification of RDA activities. Moreover, questions of democratic accountability and economic efficiency are becoming increasingly pointed. Has regionalisation boosted the democratic accountability and regional orientation of agencies? Has administrative reform simplified agencies' delivery of development programmes? What influence has the administration of structural funds had on this? The article explores these issues, stressing generally that theoretical analyses of RDA activities must take increasing account of agency "positioning," i.e., their role and purpose in an increasingly crowded and complex regional policy arena. Future scenarios for the evolution of RDAs in Poland are also outlined.

Compares selected French and Italian regional governments in order to determine success of the 1980s reforms in regional development policy; focuses on whether these initiatives have strengthened or weakened national authority in EEC/EU member states.

The South Pacific Forum is one of the few international organizations which successfully integrate members of the First and the Third World, thus functioning as bridge, enhancing mutual understanding. By depicting the genesis of the South Pacific Forum, pointing out its organizational structure and its most important policy issues, and by describing the role of the Forum Secretariat (SPEC) in the process of regional political and economic integration, the article tries to find the conditioning factors for the success of the South Pacific Forum. At the same time, the organizational limits are laid open. The article argues that one special feature of the Forum its ad-hoc character and open institutional framework is the paramount cause for both its success and limitations. In finding common political standpoints, which do not include binding economic obligations or even the transfer of state power but offer the chance of an enhanced regional standing in conflicts ordinating and even policy-making agency. In intra-regional policies, the major interests of the participants are often too heterodox to be reconciled by an organization which lacks the power to inflict legal or economic sanctions on its member states. So the main functions of the South Pacific Forum are the creation of distinct South Pacific political, and to some extent even cultural, identity, the integration of the region's views on conflicts involving outside actors, and functioning as clearing-house for intra-regional policy issues, even if "national interests" mostly have top priority for the national leaders.

AbstractThe present debate on regional policy design to fit the Europe 2020 Agenda calls for additional reflections on the way sectoral policies, like innovation policies, can be translated appropriately into a regional setting. The paper enters the debate on smart specialization strategies by stressing the need to overcome the simplistic dichotomy between core and periphery in the Union and between an advanced "research area" (the core) and a "co‐application area" of general purpose technologies to local technological specificities (the periphery). The geography of innovation is much more complex than a simple core‐periphery model, and the logical pathway toward innovation is much more complex than the linear model of research and development‐invention‐innovation direct link: the innovation patterns are differentiated among regions according to their regional context conditions. The identification of specific "innovation patterns" is necessary to design "smart innovation" policies. The paper presents a critique to the smart specialization debate, suggests a new taxonomy of European innovative regions based on their innovation patterns, and proposes innovation policies for each regional mode of innovation.

"Der Begriff eines regional geprägten Konkurrenzgeistes hat in akademischen, politischen und Praktikerkreisen an Boden gewonnen. Besonders der städtische Konkurrenzgeist hat eine umfangreiche Literatur erzeugt. Es besteht jedoch Gefahr, daß Konkurrenzgeist auf Gebietsebene zur begrifflichen Schimäre wird. Das Grundproblem ist, daß gebietsgebundene Spieler und Agenturen bestrebt sind, die Nützlichkeit ihrer Regionen und Teilregionen durch Hinweis auf eine Reihe von Maßnahmen und Meßlatten zu positionieren und zu erhalten, die begrifflich verdächtig sind und empirisch auf unsicheren Füßen stehen. Das Ausmaß der Konkurrenz unter Regionen hängt von einem Bündel vielfältiger Faktoren ab. Dieser Aufsatz schlägt einen begrifflichen Rahmen für regionale Konkurrenz vor, der sich auf ein Durchkämmen der Wettbewerbsvorteile von Firmen und auch die vergleichbaren Vorteile eine Regionalwirtschaft stützt. Der begriffliche Mechanismus der Übertragung auf einen regionalen Konkurrenzgeist verbindet Liebensteins Theorie der 'X-Unwirksamkeit' mit Ballungswirtschaften. Der Aufsatz bringt zuerst einen Überblick über Konkurrenz und ihre Literatur. Dann untersucht er die regionalen Bilanzbeschränkungen im Lichte des Fehlens eines echten regionalen Wechselkurses. Abschließend wird die Frage aufgeworfen, ob der begriffliche Ansatz der Autoren für eine Untersuchung der Maßstabsindikatoren der Region London im Vergleich zu anderen Metropolen geeignet war." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)