Suchergebnisse

The Municipal Centers of Social Action (MCSA), main tools implemented and used by municipalities in promoting solidary policies, is providing what is well known under the name of a "facultative assistance", regarding the traditional help of Departmental councils, the leader in this domain on their territories. In Besançon, since 1972, the MCSA is recognize as well advanced and innovative. However, in the last couple of years, the MCSA usage has declined and its influence has been increasing. In this context of doubt, the institution has made the wish to provide the framework for the analysis and an expertise expanding on the sociology of social policies. The nature of the working relationships within the internal organization (relationships between the team Management, relationships between the elected officials and the technicians…) and the external environment (Relationships with the City, the Department, and the whole partner's assembly), raise the question about the status of the municipal intervention, regarding the prerogatives and the boundaries. Referring to Bisontin's example, a general vision allows enlightening of the similarities and the contrasts of comparable structures. This study, approved by an "ICFR" (Industrial Convention of Formation by the Research), and laying on an interactional paradigm, allies at the same time technical approach and scientific point of view: it suggests practical recommendations and theoretical perspectives. ; Les Centres communaux d'Action sociale (CCAS), outils principaux des politiques de solidarité mises en œuvre par les municipalités, dispensent ce qu'il est convenu d'appeler une "aide facultative", en regard de l'aide traditionnelle des Conseils départementaux, chefs de file en ce domaine sur leurs territoires. À Besançon, depuis 1972, le CCAS est reconnu comme très en avance et très innovant. Mais, depuis quelques années, le sentiment d'un amenuisement de son champ d'action et de son influence se fait sentir : c'est dans ce contexte d'incertitude que l'institution ...

У статті проаналізовано результати наукових досліджень, присвячених проблемі становлення і розвитку селянського руху у Харківській губернії протягом 1917–1921 рр. Автор вважає, що ідеологічний терор, який супроводжував перетворення УРСР на складову частину тоталітарної держави, змусив наукову громадськість поступитися принципом об'єктивності при вивченні тематики селянського руху. Для радянської історіографії були властивими прагнення довести керівну роль більшовиків у суспільно-політичному житті аграрного населення Харківщини, визначення заможного селянства як соціальної бази "націоналістичної контрреволюції" і однозначно негативна оцінка селянських антибільшовицьких виступів. Українська пострадянська історіографія відзначає позитивну роль заможного селянства у розвитку економіки регіону і негативно оцінює спроби більшовиків реалізувати комуністичну доктрину в українському селі. ; In the paper the research works on Kharkov region peasants' movement origin and development in 1917–1921 are analyzed. The subject of this article is the reflection of Kharkov province peasants' movement regional specific in the Soviet and Ukrainian post-Soviet historiography. Investigation of multiple historical sources gave the opportunity to expose the distinctive features of native scientists' interpretation of peasants' political, economic, military, national and cultural activity in the region in the context of Ukrainian revolution (1917–1921). Author supposes that ideological terror was the main misrepresenting factor of soviet historiography in the sphere of peasants' movement studying. Historians forced to show the leading role of bolshevist party in the countryside social and political life, to give a negative assessment of prosperous peasantry activity and anti-Bolsheviks' uprisings. Nevertheless, soviet historical science gathered large factual material and defined the main directions of the further Kharkov region agrarian history researches. The Ukrainian post-Soviet historiography positively estimates the prosperous peasantry influence on the region economical development and negatively characterizes Bolsheviks' attempts to realize the communist doctrine in the Kharkov countryside.

"Even among failed states-- those countries unable to exercise authority over their territory and provide the most basic services to their people-- Somalia stands apart. A country of some nine million, it has lacked a central government since the fall of Mohamed Siad Barre's regime in 1991. Poverty and insecurity are endemic. Less than 40 percent of Somalis are literate, more than one in ten children dies before turning five, and a person born in Somalia today cannot assume with any confidence that he or she will reach the age of fifty. Failed states provide fertile ground for terrorism, drug trafficking, and a host of other ills that threaten to spill beyond their borders. Somalia is thus a problem not just for Somalis but for the United States and the world. In particular, the specter of Somalia's providing a sanctuary for al-Qaeda has become an important concern, and piracy off Somalia's coast, which affects vital international shipping lanes, remains a menace. In this report, Bronwyn E. Bruton proposes a strategy to combat terrorism and promote development and stability in Somalia. She first outlines the recent political history involving the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) formed in 2004 and its Islamist opponents, chiefly the Shabaab, which has declared allegiance to al-Qaeda. She then analyzes U.S. interests in the country, including counterterrorism, piracy, and humanitarian concerns, as well as the prospect of broader regional instability."--Page vii

In "Chronik aktuell - Der 11. September 2001" (BA 2/02) standen Bild- und Textbeiträge gleichrangig nebeneinander. Dieser Band setzt ganz auf die Macht der großformatigen Farbbilder, die nur von kurzen Zitaten von Augenzeugen begleitet werden. In öffentlichen Bibliotheken kann er neben Sachtiteln mit knappem Bildteil wie "11. September - Geschichte eines Terrorangriffs" (zur Besprechung vorgesehen) oder Textbänden wie "Dienstag, 11. September 2001", einer Sammlung analysierender und eher subjektiv-reflektierender Texte (BA 2/02), zur Dokumentation des schrecklichen Geschehens bereitgehalten werden. Umfassende Informationen über die Zwillingstürme bietet "World Trade Center" (in dieser Nr.). (2) (Wei)

Traces the recent evolution of international terrorism against civilian and U.S. military targets, looks ahead to where terrorism is going, and assesses how it might be contained. The authors consider the threat of information-based terrorism and of weapons of mass destruction, with an emphasis on how changes in the sources and nature of terrorism may affect the use of unconventional terror. The authors propose counterterrorism strategies that address the growing problem of homeland defense