Suchergebnisse

Explores control of international financial flows, impact of free capital flow on crises, new capital movements regulation, the Tobin tax proposal on currency transactions, challenges of globalized capital markets for developing countries, Al-Qaeda financing sources, and strategies to detect financing sources of Islamic terrorist organizations; 4 articles. Summaries in English p. 236-7.

This essay develops a theoretical framework for understanding the connection between technological transformations & change in the international system & puts the information revolution in its proper context -- as another in a line of technology-system transformations. The analysis proceeds in two steps: first I conceptualize technology as politics. Technology is inherently political in at least two ways: the construction of technologies is subject to political contestation & technology can be understood as a certain kind of practical knowledge, embedded in material artifacts & in the institutions built to manage them. The second step draws on Buzan & Little's idea of interaction capacity to conceptualize technology as a component of the international political system. This two-step approach draws our attention to the national & transnational institutions that develop new technologies & to the international systemic dimension of certain sociotechnical systems. In the end, this approach provides a framework for understanding technological change, including the information revolution, in an international political context. In particular, it draws attention to political debate over the shape & content of a global information infrastructure. Adapted from the source document.

This dissertation studies dynamic models in the context of international economics and the U.S. economy. First, the focus is on the effect of commodity shocks in an small open economy in a dynamic trade model. Then, this dissertation studies the effects of monetary policy in a dynamic trade model. Finally, dynamics between government debt and bubbles are studied considering an overlapping generation model.The first chapter, "Dutch Disease in a Dynamic International Trade Model of an Small Open Economy", models a dynamic small open economy which produces and trades final goods and a commodity. The commodity is modeled as an homogeneous good and it is demanded by the rest of the world. The dynamic system developed in this chapter relies on key parameters that characterize the small open economy. These parameters are the elasticity of substitution across final goods and the shape parameter of the Pareto distribution of productivities. In order to compute the steady-state of the economy and study the dynamics implied by the model, we estimate both the elasticity of substitution and the shape parameter of the Pareto distribution considering data for the Chilean economy, which satisfies the small open economy assumption as well as the commodity production.The second chapter, "Monetary policy in a dynamic trade model with heterogeneous firms", studies the effect of monetary policy on a dynamic model of trade with heterogeneous firms. We study the dynamic implications of monetary policies that act during "normal times" and monetary policies that leave the economy at the zero lower bound. In order to do so, we craft a model which incorporates nominal rigidities. This feature generates a friction such that nominal shocks affect real allocations in the economy. To build the model, we combine nominal frictions with firm heterogeneity as in Melitz (2003) in a dynamic setting as in Ghironi and Melitz (2005).The final chapter, "A Note on Government Debt and Bubbles", studies the interactions between government debt and bubbles in an economy. We consider a general equilibrium approach in a productive economy and we explore conditions under which government debt path in our model is consistent with the government debt path observed in the last twenty years. During that period, government debt, as share of GDP, has interacted with bubbles in a countercyclical pattern. That is, in the absence of bubbles there is an increase in the evolution of debt-to-GDP ratio, and when a bubble is traded, debt-to-GDP ratio is decreasing.

Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass die Mobilität von Ärzten und Patienten, besonders innerhalb der Europäischen Union, immer mehr zunimmt und neue technische Entwicklungen dazu führen, dass sich der behandelnde Arzt und der Patient für eine Behandlung nicht mehr im selben Staat aufhalten müssen, stellt sich die Frage, nach welchem Recht sich die Haftung des Arztes aus einem solchen grenzüberschreitenden Behandlungsverhältnis richtet und die Gerichte welches Staates internationale zuständig sind.Ziel der Arbeit ist es die derzeitige Situation darzustellen und Parallelen zwischen dem internationalen Privatrecht und den Regeln über die internationale Zuständigkeit herauszuarbeiten.Innerhalb der Europäischen Union bestimmt sich das anwendbare Recht in Bezug auf einen Arzthaftungsfall mit Auslandsbezug nach den Verordnungen Rom I und Rom II. Für nationales Kollisionsrecht bleibt kein Anwendungsbereich, dadurch und aufgrund der Pflicht zur autonomen Auslegung wird eine Harmonisierung des Kollisionsrechts für Zivil- und Handelssachen, damit auch für das internationale Arzthaftungsrecht, innerhalb der Europäischen Union erreicht. Die internationale Zuständigkeit richtet sich zumeist nach der EuGVVO, für die JN bleibt in Österreich nur noch ein sehr begrenzter Anwendungsbereich.Zur Feststellung des anwendbaren Rechts und des international zuständigen Gerichts ist es wichtig, exakt zwischen vertraglichen und außervertraglichen Behandlungsverhältnissen zu unterscheiden. Die Verordnungen versuchen zwar möglichst einen Gleichlauf zwischen dem auf vertragliche und außervertragliche Ansprüche anwendbaren Recht und dem zuständigen Gericht zu schaffen, dies gelingt aber nicht immer. Es lässt sich feststellen, dass das Inkrafttreten der Verordnungen Rom I und Rom II die Beurteilung internationaler Arzthaftungsfälle aus kollisionsrechtlicher Sicht vereinfacht hat und so die Mobilität von Ärzten und Patienten innerhalb der Europäischen Union erleichtert wird. ; Because the mobility of doctors and patients increased recently, especially within the European Union, and due to the technical developments it is necessary to deal with the question according to which law a doctor is to be held liable and which court has the international jurisdiction over a case involving a foreign element.Goal of the diploma thesis is to present the current situation and to show the parallels between the applicable law and the procedural law.Within the European Union the applicable law is governed by the regulations Rome I and Rome II. There is no longer a scope of application for national rules regarding the conflict of laws. Because of this and because there is a obligation to interpret the regulation autonomously, the rules regarding the conflict of laws for civil and commercial matters, therefore as well for the international liability law for malpractice, are harmonized within the European Union. The international jurisdiction is governed by the Brussels I regulation, the national procedural law has only a very limited scope of application. Although the mentioned regulations try to harmonize the situation for the applicable law in contractual and non-contractual matters and the international competent court, it is still important to distinguish precisely between contractual and non-contractual matters.It can be noted, that the commencement of the regulations Rome I and Rome II made it easier to find the applicable law and the competent court and therefore made it easier for doctors and patients to leave their country. ; vorgelegt von Barbara Geistlinger ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Graz, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2014 ; (VLID)239984

This thesis consists of four chapters. Each chapter covers a topic in international macroeconomics and monetary policy. The first chapter investigates the impact of unexpected monetary policy shocks on exchange rates in a multi-country econometric model. The second chapter examines the linkage between macroeconomic fundamentals and exchange rates through the monetary policy expectation channel. The third chapter focuses on the international transmission of bank and corporate distress. The last chapter unfolds the interest rate channel of monetary policy transmission in-an emerging economy-China, where regulations and market forces co-exist in this transmission. ; Die vorliegende Dissertation umfasst vier Kapitel, von denen sich jedes mit einem anderen Themengebiet aus der internationalen Makroökonomik und Geldpolitik befasst. Das erste Kapitel analysiert den Einfluss unerwarteter geldpolitischer Schocks auf die Wechselkurse in einem empirischen Mehrländermodell. Das dritte Kapitel untersucht den internationalen Einfluss fiskalpolitischer Schocks. Das zweite Kapitel untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen makroökonomischen Faktoren und Wechselkursen über den Erwartungskanal der Geldpolitik. Im vierten Kapitel wird die internationale Transmission wirtschaftlicher Schieflagen im Unternehmens- und Bankensektor analysiert. Das letzte Kapitel untersucht den Zinskanal der monetären Transmission in einer aufstrebenden Volkswirtschaft, China, in der sowohl Marktkräfte als auch Regulierung Einfluss auf den Transmissionsprozess entfalten.