Suchergebnisse

In the article offered to the readers, the author analyses the results of the 2021 Russian legislative elections, using a comparative method. The parallels with the results of previous election campaigns on the basis of the results obtained by both political parties and individual candidates are drawn. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the level of political activity of voters in different regions of Russia and to identify changes that have taken place in the moods of various social groups. The article analyses the peculiarities of the election campaigns organized by different political forces as well as the course of preparation and conduct of the elections themselves, both at the federal and regional levels. Finally, the author concludes that the United Russia political party (Edinaya Rossiya), which received a constitutional majority in the renewed State Duma again, will have to consider the realities highlighted by the election campaign. But most importantly, it is this party that will have to take responsibility for passing the laws that would ensure socio-economic development of the country as a condition of increasing the welfare of the population.

Der Autor untersucht das System des gerichtlichen Rechtsschutzes gegen beamtenrechtliche Personalauswahlentscheidungen im Hinblick auf dessen tatsächliche Wirksamkeit zur Durchsetzung des Grundrechts auf gleichen Zugang zu öffentlichen Ämtern aus Art. 33 Abs. 2 GG. Maßstab der Wirksamkeitsprüfung ist die Rechtsschutzgarantie aus Art. 19 Abs. 4 S. 1 GG. Berücksichtigt werden insbesondere die Modifikationen der etablierten Rechtsschutzdogmatik durch das Urteil des BVerwG vom 04.11.2010. Der Autor konstatiert, dass Bewerbern um ein öffentliches Amt nun zwar ein formell lückenloser Primärrechtsschutz eingeräumt wird. Dessen praktische Wirksamkeit ist jedoch durch zahlreiche prozessuale Besonderheiten und die Handhabung des dem Dienstherrn bei der Auswahlentscheidung zugebilligten weiten Beurteilungs- und Ermessensspielraums erheblich eingeschränkt. Der Autor folgert, dass der geforderte effektive gerichtliche Rechtsschutz nur durch eine rechtsschutzfreundliche Gestaltung des behördlichen Auswahlverfahrens gewährleistet werden kann, und leitet bestimmte organisatorische Mindestanforderungen an das Auswahlverfahren her. / The author examines the system of judicial legal protection against civil service personnel selection decisions with regard to its actual effectiveness in enforcing the fundamental right to equal access to public offices from Art. 33 para. 2 Basic law. The benchmark for the effectiveness test is the legal protection guarantee from Art. 19 para. 4 sentence 1 Basic law. Having the practical obstacles to effectiveness identified, the author concludes that the official selection process needs to be designed in a way that is friendly to judicial legal protection and derives certain minimum organizational requirements for the selection process.

The article examines the ideological contradictions and specificity of the Black Lives Matter movement in Europe and the development of the All Lives Matter response movement. The author analyzes the causes and patterns of the outbreak of anti-racist protests in the European space in 2020, their cultural roots in the United States and the reaction of traditionalists. The conflict potential of socio-political challenges and the acuteness of disagreements in the context of a new dichotomy and the need to search for a new identity are revealed. Conclusions are made about the similarity of the socio-political demarcation in a number of EU countries and the United States, the role and place of European countries in this conflict are determined. The author analyzes the correlation of US political culture with the process of public dialogue about the problem of racism in Europe, the role of «Cancel» culture and the consolidation of contradictions in the socio-political split among traditionalists and their opponents. Arguments are made in favor of the further development of the ideological conflict in a new dimension and the inevitable exacerbation of the problems of xenophobia.

This article analyzes some implications of new drone aesthetics involved in affective politics against state impunity in social conflicts. Whereas the literature on media, war and conflict has been centered around the war aesthetics of military drones, the author argues that civilian drones can mobilize affective politics – expressed, for example, in the aestheticization of shame, rage and the subversion of fear – as a means of political communication with and against the state. Further, she proposes that the present focus on drone aesthetics should be expanded to also account for the political affects that aesthetic sensory perceptions mobilize. Drawing on actor-network theory and new materialism, the article takes the disappearance of 43 students in Ayotzinapa (Mexico) as an exemplary case of state impunity in the context of the war against drugs and social conflict. By means of a digital ethnography of the social collective project Rexiste, the author analyzes its public interventions deploying a civil drone named 'Droncita', which sought to generate an aesthetics of affect against state impunity. The article contributes toward expanding investigation of (civilian) drone aesthetics and the mobilization of affective politics in the literature on war and social conflicts and collective action.

The Middle Holocene epoch in northeastern Africa was marked by a steady trend towards aridization. However, the transformation of ecosystems and natural landscapes was gradual and had a complex nature. This change directly affected the development of the first ancient Egyptian centralized state as well as the development of its resource base beyond the Nile Valley. This study addresses the problem of using ancient Egyptian epigraphic sources (expeditionary inscriptions) for the study of both paleolandscapes and ecosystems of the Western (Libyan) Desert and the possible socio-economic impact of their change. The author studies several graffiti, which are believed to have preserved information on natural conditions near the Dakhla oasis and in the region of Wadi Toshka during the time of construction of the great pyramids (Fourth Dynasty). The author concludes that it is quite easy to make misleading assumptions when interpreting expeditionary artefacts. At the same time, as an example with an unusual toponym from the quarries near Wadi Toshka demonstrates, even the shortest graffiti can provide researchers with important additional information on possible changes in the ancient climate and landscape.

The main aim of the article is to characterise and analyse EU military operations, taking into account their objectives, assumptions, successes as well as their limitations and weaknesses. The author focusses his research on EU activities in Sub-Saharan Africa. The following research questions were posed: – what is the specifi city and characteristic features of EU military crisis management operations; – to what extent and in what direction are military operations launched by the EU evolving; – in what way do EU military operations infl uence the perception of the EU as a civilian and normative power and affect the development of the EU as a security actor; – what are the main limitations and weaknesses of EU military operations and what is their future in EU foreign policy? The author applied the following research methods: factorial, comparative, scenario, quantitative, and qualitative analysis. The main conclusion is that the EU's military operations and its military training missions should solely be perceived as one of the elements (measures) in EU foreign policy. As has been indicated in the title of the article, they are "a tool in the EU's foreign policy toolbox".

The author traces the development of a collaborative psychoanalytic training programme for couple and family therapists in China, launched through the shared efforts of Drs David Scharff, Jill Savege Scharff, Janine Wanlass, Fang Xin and Gao Jun, enrolling more than 400 students over the past twelve years. The stressors of economic change, greater interaction with the West, legacies left by the Cultural Revolution, challenges associated with the one-child policy, and escalating divorce rates created a need for therapists to intervene with Chinese couples and families exhibiting distress (Scharff, 2020, 2021). A training programme was conceived, including didactic teaching from an object relations perspective, a live clinical demonstration of psychotherapy with a couple or family, and small process groups led by Chinese therapists to help trainees integrate affective, cognitive, and behavioural learning components. The author contends that the success of this programme was largely dependent on a collaboration of cultures and personnel, as American teachers learned about psychoanalytic thinking from a Chinese cultural lens and Chinese administrators, faculty, and students discovered effective ways to address the mental health struggles of Chinese couples and families.

The process of development of the land transport system — postal and zemstvo tracts, volost roads, railway communication is considered. The degree of influence of the transport component on the development of the rural settlement network of the Tomsk Uyezd (district-union) in the Tomsk Province in the second half of the 19th — first quarter of the 20th century is estimated. The author shows the role and significance of the Moscow-Siberian, Tomsk-Kuznetsk, Tomsk-Barnaul, Barnaul-Kolyvansky, Narymsky tracts, local volost roads, as well as the Trans-Siberian Railway on the process of formation of a group of rural settlements of peasant and "foreign" volosts of the Tomsk Uyezd. The work focused on cartographic materials of the corresponding period, as well as a schematic cartographic model of the key transport communications of the northern, central and southern groups of parishes. According to the author, the basis of the land transport network was formed at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. In the 1920s, there was only a modernization of the already established lines of communication.

Abstract
Equity in education begins with creating structures that support students inclusive of their social-emotional needs. Students exposed to trauma perform best in schools that adopt trauma-sensitive practices. Many of these trauma-sensitive practices naturally prepare students to learn social–emotional skills, as the trauma-informed staff also models social–emotional learning. Mastery of these skills leverages student success in school and adult life. This article focuses on one aspect of a larger qualitative case study of trauma-sensitive practices adopted by one elementary school to support all students, inclusive of students affected by trauma. The research presented in this article focuses on the intentional design of the school. The author uses the term intentional design to refer to specific structures and systems in place in the school to support a trauma-sensitive environment. This intentional design, which the author noted through observations and interviews, involved purposeful staffing, design of classrooms and other internal spaces, and schoolwide routines. These intentional design features, evolved from adopting trauma-sensitive practices, provide the framework and structure for students to build social–emotional competencies to help promote success in their schooling.

The Republic of Kosovo was created several years after the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Its problems were visible during Josip Broz Tito's presidency. Over the last ten years Kosovo has had two female presidents. The question is, what is the position of women on the Kosovan political scene? This phenomenon is particularly significant from the point of view of the post-conflict reconstruction of the state. The aim of this article is to analyse the evolution of the role of Kosovo Albanian women in the politics of Kosovo at the central level. For this reason, the article includes women involved in the armed conflict in Kosovo, especially in the activities of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA, alb. Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës, UÇK). The author also presents the role of women in the Kosovan political arena since 1999, with particular emphasis on changes that took place after the declaration of independence of Kosovo. Furthermore, the author examines the profiles of selected female politicians. The article is based on an analysis of primary and secondary sources, the comparative and historical method, and an analysis of statistical data.

This study identifies 25 Roma traditions, fragmentarily represented in 10 texts, which were discovered by the author in Romanian interwar periodicals. Traditions are an integral part of the Roma identity (in addition to the Romani language and the Romani crafts); they are used by the Roma only in the Romani environment, in a specific historical, socio-economic and territorial context. The author conventionally divides the Roma traditions into 5 functional compartments: 1) traditions that regulate the way that Romani crafts are fulfilled; 2) traditions that regulate everyday social relations within the Romani community; 3) traditions that regulate the relations between Roma and government authorities; 4) traditions that reveal the way the Roma express themselves towards the variety of external natural and social phenomena; 5) traditions that regulate the development of the marriage ceremony among the nomadic Roma community. The main objective of this study is focused on the partial disclosure and variable description of Roma traditions, applied in a specific historical, socio-economic and territorial context, to facilitate the process of building the cultural mosaic of the Roma, which is part of the European cultural mosaic.

The law regulates the right to maintenance between spouses and between extramarital partners, the conditions under which it can be exercised, as well as a special litigation procedure for obtaining the right to maintenance. The existential character of the right to maintenance stresses the need to examine the functional quality of the established legal mechanism. The author has conducted an empirical research on maintenance litigation proceedings between spouses and extramarital partners which were conducted before the Basic Court in Niš and finished during the year 2018. In this paper, the author presents and analyzes the results of research in litigation proceedings for establishing and varying the maintenance amount, and terminating and extending the duration of maintenance between married or unmarried, current or former partners. The aim of the research was to gain insight into the adequacy of applying relevant legal regulations in practice and the efficiency of providing legal protection in analyzed maintenance lawsuits. The research results reveal the inefficiency of maintenance litigation proceedings and a serious lack of information among citizens about the procedural possibilities in maintenance lawsuits.

The article defines the role and reveals the need to create subsidiary crafts as a necessary component for modifying and improving the innovative development of an agricultural enterprise. The author carries out the analysis of the state and development of subsidiary crafts at agricultural enterprises in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that in conditions of rural development, each agricultural enterprise to a certain extent correlates with the development of subsidiary industries and crafts. The purpose of the study is to diagnose the development of subsidiary fisheries in the regions and analyze the prerequisites for their creation. The subject of the study is subsidiary fisheries in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The methodological basis of the research relies on scientific methods based on the requirements of an objective and comprehensive analysis of the state and development of subsidiary fisheries in the region. Drawing on the results of the study, the author identifies the changes in the state of subsidiary fisheries at the regional level and determines the prerequisites for their development in the future.

The article defines the role and reveals the need to create subsidiary crafts as a necessary component for modifying and improving the innovative development of an agricultural enterprise. The author carries out the analysis of the state and development of subsidiary crafts at agricultural enterprises in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that in conditions of rural development, each agricultural enterprise to a certain extent correlates with the development of subsidiary industries and crafts. The purpose of the study is to diagnose the development of subsidiary fisheries in the regions and analyze the prerequisites for their creation. The subject of the study is subsidiary fisheries in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The methodological basis of the research relies on scientific methods based on the requirements of an objective and comprehensive analysis of the state and development of subsidiary fisheries in the region. Drawing on the results of the study, the author identifies the changes in the state of subsidiary fisheries at the regional level and determines the prerequisites for their development in the future.

The author analyzes the fundamental points which contributed to the strength of the political foundation of the Visegrad Group. Among the most significant factors, the author identifies a critical attitude towards reality, the ability to search for intra-regional/international compromises, and the lack of bureaucracy. In general, this can be described as a clear understanding of V4 position and tasks in Europe. The group's objectives in understanding their possibilities have evolved over three decades and finally have evolved from a "return to Europe" to the possibility of transferring its experience and providing assistance to the neighboring States of Eastern Europe and the Western Balkans. Without denying the contradictions that exist in the group, there are no critical prerequisites for the realization of long-standing prophecies about the imminent and unavoidable breakup of the group. Contradictions and a critical approach, as well as overcoming these circumstances, often serve as the driving force of the group. So far, despite criticism of some retired politicians, the group looks united and interested in its further common development.