Suchergebnisse

The historiographical article looks at "1945" as a turning point, inquiring whether the end of both the Second World War and National Socialism also implied a radical break for art history in Germany. In evaluating both contemporary perspectives (like Herbert von Einem's opening lecture of the First German Art Historians Meeting in 1948) and recent historiographical studies, the paper questions the concept of "Stunde Null" or "hour zero," and intends to challenge the established paradigm of rupture and discontinuity. Arguing for a more nuanced and holistic understanding of the transformation processes in the postwar situation, three major reasons are identified why simplistic categorizations often prevail: (1) a very narrow definition of the art historian in the history of art history, (2) the disjunction between the humanities and the larger political context, which allow the individual to imagine himself/herself untainted and uncompromised by ideology, and (3) the high degree of continuity, in particular if compared to the radical changes that took place in 1933. The article thus resumes that the idea of "turning points" deserves further differentiation, and calls for the integration of the political dimension into historiography. Essentially, the challenge remains to distinguish between factual processes, false or fraudulent labelling, and symbolic gestures.

This study depicts the biography of a young communist (Ion Călin) who volunteered for the International Brigades in Spain, and thus it features – within the historiography of the topic – the destinies of the antifascist Romanian combatants. Since the vast majority of these combatants was composed of members and supporters of PCdR, the regime of popular democracy honored and glorified them after March 6, 1945, in the same vein as those Communist inlanders who were repressed by the "bourgeois regime". The Romanian Communists who fought in the French Resistance received a similar treatment. After 1989, the names of the Romanian volunteers who had joined the cause of the Spanish Republicans went in the shadow due to their political affiliation to a party utterly compromised in the eye of the public. This study also deals with a broader context, including international politics, the reasons behind such an enthusiasm binding young people to go abroad to a front at over 2.000 km, the social strata they derived from, PCdR's efforts to organize and send combatants across the borders, Ion Călin's clandestine journey to the Iberian peninsula (via Czechoslovakia, Austria, Switzerland and France), as well as details of the fights of which he was a part of during the war.

The text proposes a rereading of Ricardo Salvatore's classic work, Wandering Paysanos, after his reissue in Spanish. The analysis focuses on some of the topics covered extensively to discuss them in the light of the specific historiographic literature produced since 2003 to date. In this way, is inquired the author's arguments about the role of the administration of justice, the construction of crime, the role of the peace courts and the existence of a state order during the extensive government of Juan Manuel de Rosas. From the reading and consideration of the available literature, it is proposed that the government of Rosas was conditioned by a series of factors, among which the distance between Buenos Aires and the campaign space played a central role in the way in which power was exercised and obedience was negotiated. ; El texto propone una relectura de la obra clásica de Ricardo Salvatore, Wandering Paysanos, a partir de su reedición en castellano. El análisis se enfoca en algunos de los tópicos recorridos exhaustivamente para discutirlos a la luz de la literatura historiográfica específica producida desde 2003 a la fecha. De esta manera, se indagan los argumentos del autor sobre el papel de la administración de justicia, la construcción de la criminalidad, el papel de los juzgados de paz y la existencia de un orden estatal durante el extenso gobierno de Juan Manuel de Rosas. A partir de la lectura y de la consideración de la bibliografía disponible, se propone que el gobierno de Rosas estuvo condicionado por una serie de factores, entre los cuales la distancia existente entre Buenos Aires y el espacio de la campaña cumplió un rol central en la manera en la que se ejerció el poder y se negoció la obediencia.

Covering vast swathes of Europe, the Bell Beaker Phenomenon has enjoyed a privileged status in the history of archaeology and is often referred to as a key period in the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age partly due to the emergence of social élites. After a brief presentation of the historiography of the Bell Beaker phenomenon, this Element offers a synthetic account of the available evidence structured on a regional basis. Following the renewed interest in human mobility generated by stable isotopes and ancient DNA studies, the central thesis developed here is that the Bell Beaker Phenomenon can adequately be described as a metapopulation, a concept borrowed from population ecology. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

"Catalonia: A New History revises many traditional and romantic conceptions in the historiography of a small nation. This book engages with the scholarship of the past decade and separates nationalist myth-history from real historical processes. It is thus able to provide the reader with an analytical account, situating each historical period within its temporal context. Catalonia emerges as a territory where complex social forces interact, where revolts and rebellions are frequent. This is a contested terrain where political ideologies have sought to impose their interpretation of Catalan reality. This book situates Catalonia within the wider currents of European and Spanish history, from pre-history to the contemporary independence movement, and makes an important contribution to our understanding of nation-making"--

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part one The Apartheid of the Closet -- 1. Masquerade and the Law, 1880–1946 -- 2. Kulturkampf and the Threatening Closet, 1946–1961 -- 3. Coming Out and Challenging the Closet, 1961–1981 -- Part two Remnants of the Closet (Don't Ask, Don't Tell) -- Introduction -- 4. Hardwick and Historiography -- 5. The Sexualized First Amendment -- 6. Multivocal Prejudices and Homo Equality -- Part Three After the Closet: Queer Theory and the Sexual State -- 7. Sexual Consent Paradoxes -- 8. Beyond Families We Choose -- 9. Religion and Homosexuality: Equality Practice -- Appendixes: Regulating Sexual and Gender Variation in the United States -- A Early Municipal and State Regulation -- B Modern State and Municipal Regulation -- C Statistics -- Notes -- Index

The topic of slavery is largely under-represented in the historiography of Nepal. This source book, aware of this disparity and wishing to encourage future studies on the topic, provides the reader with editions, translations and a study of selected documents and legal texts of Nepal from the period of the eighteenth to the early twentieth century. These sources are concerned with such different aspects of slavery as donations, transactions, bondservitude, forced labour, emancipation, and law. - Sklaverei wurde in der Historiographie Nepals bisher nur unzureichend berücksichtigt. Der vorliegende Quellenband möchte diesem Umstand begegnen, indem ausgewählte Dokumente und Rechtstexte zur Sklaverei in Nepal vom achtzehnten bis zum frühen zwanzigsten Jahrhundert in Edition und Übersetzung zugänglich gemacht und untersucht werden. Diese Quellen befassen sich mit unterschiedlichen Aspekten der Sklaverei wie Schenkungen, Kaufverträge, Schuldknechtschaft, unfreie Arbeit, Emanzipation und Recht.

"War in Eleventh-Century Byzantium presents new insights and critical approaches to warfare between the Byzantine Empire and its neighbours during the eleventh century. Modern historians have identified the eleventh century as a landmark era in Byzantine history. This was a period of invasions, political tumult, financial crisis and social disruption, but it was also a time of cultural and intellectual innovation and achievement. Despite this, the subject of warfare during this period remains underexplored. Addressing an important gap in the historiography of Byzantium, the volume argues that the eleventh century was a period of important geo-political change, when the Byzantine Empire was attacked on all sides, and its frontiers were breached. This book is valuable reading for scholars and students interested in Byzantium history and military history"--

"In People and Institutions in the Roman Empire colleagues honor Garrett Fagan for his contributions to our understanding and appreciation of Roman history and culture. In addition to reviewing and contextualizing Fagan's works and legacy, contributing authors pursue in their chapters topics and methodologies that interested Fagan - the experiences of individuals within Roman state and social institutions from the end of the Republic through the Empire and into Late Antiquity. Part One contextualizes Fagan's scholarship, demonstrating the diversity of his interests and his impact. Part Two considers the intersection between people and core state institutions: army, law, and religion. Part Three examines Roman social and cultural institutions such as the baths, arena, historiography, and provincial elite society"--

The book is the first attempt in historiography to present the attitude of Christian Churches (Catholic, Evangelical, and Orthodox) in the Kingdom of Poland towards Jews at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The work is based on a rich and varied source base, it presents many new facts and introduces unknown or unused sources. The monograph deals with the issues of extremely important historical significance, often remaining at the center of the updated historical and political disputes. Despite the difficulty and complexity of the topic, the analysis of the source material, the narrative, and the conclusions contained therein were not involved in these disputes. The work is an important step towards understanding Christian-Jewish relations and Polish-Jewish relations.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Note on Translation and Transliteration -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction. Erasing the Past -- 1. State Feminism and the Woman Question -- 2. A Brief History of Women's Activism in Domestic Political Context: -- 3. Emancipated Women and Anticommunism in the American Political Imagination -- 4. A Brief History of Women's Activism in Domestic Political Context: -- 5. Sandwiched between Superpowers -- 6. The Lead-Up to International Women's Year -- 7. Historic Gatherings in Mexico and the German Democratic Republic -- 8. Preparing for the Mid-Decade Conference -- 9. The Third Week in July -- 10. School for Solidarity -- 11. Strategizing for Nairobi -- 12. Showdown in Kenya -- Conclusion. Phantom Herstories -- Appendix. A Few Reflections on the Challenges of Socialist Feminist Historiography -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography -- Index

Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Illustrations -- Notes on Contributors -- Introduction: A New Order of Things: Scientific Visions of the Human in China -- Part 1 Parameters of Human Life -- Chapter 1 Technology -- Chapter 2 Cartography -- Chapter 3 Ethnography -- Chapter 4 Historiography -- Chapter 5 Reproduction -- Chapter 6 Ghostly Encounters -- Part 2 Formations of the Modern Subject -- Chapter 7 Race -- Chapter 8 Ethnicity -- Chapter 9 Citizenship -- Chapter 10 Class -- Chapter 11 Sexuality -- Chapter 12 Gender -- Part 3 Disciplining Knowledge -- Chapter 13 Economics -- Chapter 14 Psychology -- Chapter 15 Statistics -- Chapter 16 Sociology -- Chapter 17 Anthropology -- Chapter 18 Political Science -- Part 4 Deciphering Health -- Chapter 19 Anatomy -- Chapter 20 Forensic Medicine -- Chapter 21 Physical Hygiene -- Chapter 22 Mental Health -- Chapter 23 Psychiatry -- Chapter 24 Psychoanalysis -- Index.

"Migration is a problem of highest importance today, and likewise is its history. Italian migrants that had to leave the peninsula in the long sixteenth century because of their heterodox Protestant faith is a topic that has its deep roots in Italian Renaissance scholarship since Delio Cantimori: It became a part of a twentieth century form of Italian leyenda negra in liberal historiography. But its international dimension and Central Europe (not only Germany) as destination of that movement has often been neglected. Three different levels of connectivity are addressed: the materiality of communication (travel, printing, the diffusion of books and manuscripts); individual migrants and their biographies and networks; the cultural transfers, discourses, ideas migrating in one or in both directions"--

The early historiography of the Lex Aquilia in Britain : introducing students to the Digest / John W Cairns -- William Warwick Buckland on the Lex Aquilia / David Ibbetson -- 'This concern with pattern' : F H Lawson's Negligence in the civil law / Paul Mitchell -- Students' Digest : 9.2 in Oxford in the twentieth century / Benjamin Spagnolo -- Revisiting D.9.2.23.1 / Joe Sampson -- Reflections on the quantification of Damnum / Alberto Lorusso -- Causation and remoteness : British steps on a Roman path / David Johnston -- Roman law and civil law reflections upon the meaning of Iniuria in Damnum Iniuria Datum / Giuseppe Valditara -- Lord Atkin, Donoghue v Stevenson and the Lex Aquilia : civilian roots of the 'neighbour' principle / Robin Evans-Jones and Helen Scott -- Conclusions / Paul J du Plessis

The collapse of the French army in 1940 is a well-researched topic in Second World War Studies but a surprising gap in the historiography emerges when it comes to the study of the French military prior to the German offensive of May 1940. Using various public and private sources in different languages, this book aims to address this gap by studying morale on the frontline and its management by the French Government, the Grand Quartier Général, at the scale of the regiment and on a personal level. This research also investigates German and British propaganda in French and aimed at the French sector of the frontline in order to offer the first comprehensive comparative study of French army morale in any language.