Suchergebnisse

Abstract
This article explores the extent of distinctiveness and of similarity between the English and other comparable states, in an historical context. The author ranges widely in space and time. He finds likenesses as well as differences between England and such other polities both near and far as Scotland, Denmark, France and Japan. In accounting for English distinctiveness, more emphasis is put on geography, climate and ethos than on more conventional political and economic factors.

A study of leads and other top paragraphs in stories in the AP, UPI, Scripps Howard News Service, and three major newspapers shows average lead sentence lengths ranging from 39 words (Washington Post) to 25 words (Scripps Howard). Lead sentences were longer than sentences in paragraphs two through four. The AP used more one-sentence leads (95%) than did UPI (77%). The author suggests journalists may be writing for themselves more than for readers.

Introduction In an earlier contribution to this journal, this author described in detail the provisions of the Fair Employment (Northern Ireland) Act 1976. That article also indicated that the Act was due to be reformed to answer criticism that it was just not working. These reforms are now contained in the Fair Employment (Northern Ireland) Act 1989. This article seeks to describe the content of these provisions in detail. Elsewhere in this volume, an analysis will be made of their likely effect.

The author presents a rationale for and overview of a complete course on supervision for clinical practitioners who are assuming a supervisory role. Supervision is discussed from the vantage point of management skills. Theories about components of supervision, topics of motivation, stress, role and authority, discipline, evaluation, values, and ethics are discussed. Courses of this type may be presented most effectively as in-service programs led by external trainers.

The author believes that Soviet-Japanese relations have a great potential for normal development. Business co-operation is an important component of bilateral relations. In this sense, Soviet-Japanese economic relations clearly lag on a number of key parameters behind similiar relations which these countries have with other countries. He discusses Soviet-Japanese economic relations with special reference to joint ventures and the economic prospects for the Soviet Far East. (DÜI-Sen)

May 19, 1990 was Ho Chi Minh's birth centenary. For nearly half a century he stood at the helm of the Vietnamese revolution, Communist Party of Vietnam and then of the independent Vietnamese state. The author takes a look at his life and political activities. The strategy of a united broad national front initiated and pursued by Ho Chi Minh at each single stage of the Vietnamese revolution is discussed. (DÜI-Sen)

Japan's unsurpassed international competitive strength owes much to the group-oriented value system of Japanese society. Paradoxically, this very groupism may contain a seed for a long-term demise of Japan's competitive process. The author examines the nature of Japanese groupism with an emphasis on its negative aspects and relates them to the series of economic frictions that this country has recently encountered with the outside world. (DÜI-Sen)

THE 1987 IRAN-CONTRA HEARINGS REVIVED LONGSTANDING TENSIONS IN AMERICAN POLITICS BETWEEN THE REQUIREMENTS OF DEMOCRACY AND THE DEMANDS OF FOREIGN POLICY MAKING. THIS ARTICLE ASSESSES THE ARGUMENTS MADE IN DEFENSE OF CENTRALIZED DECISION MAKING IN U.S. FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND FINDS THEM GENERALLY AT ODDS WITH THE TENETS OF DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL THEORY. THE AUTHOR ARGUES THAT THESE CONTRUDICTIONS SUGGEST THE NEED FOR SIGNIFICANT REFORM IN THE INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE NATION'S FOREIGN POLICY-MAKING APPARATUS.

IN THE CURRENT STATE OF POLITICAL POLICY ANALYSIS, NOTHING SEEMS MORE ALIEN THAT POLITICAL VISION. HOWEVER, TRADITIONAL POLITICAL THOUGHT OFTEN EMPHASIZED THE NEED FOR, AND THE IMPORTANCE OF POLITICAL VISION. THE ARTICLE EXAMINES THE WRITINGS OF HAROLD D. LASSWELL, A CHIEF PROPONENT OF THE "NEW THINKING" POLICY ORIENTATION IN POLITICAL SCIENCE AND IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES GENERALLY. THE AUTHOR FINDS IT IRONIC THAT LASSWELL'S WORK IS ANIMATED BY THE VERY POLITICAL VISION HE DERIDES.

Using Kenneth Burke's concept of victimage (eg, see Permanence and Change, Berkeley, U of California Press, 1984), Ronald Reagan's treatment of the Challenger space shuttle explosion is examined. It is suggested that Reagan rescued the space program from a potential demise after the disaster by sacrificing the seven crew members in victimage. A close analysis of Reagan's eulogy reveals that, through the sanctification of the victims, individuals & institutions were able to maintain power. L. Baker

THE AUTHOR CONSIDERS THE IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY OF SOME RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SOCIOLOGY. HE EXPLORES WAYS IN WHICH SOME OF THE IDEAS IN "THE NATION-STATE AND VIOLENCE" MAY PROVIDE A BASIS FOR A NON-REALIST THEORY OF SOVEREIGNTY. HE CONCLUDES THAT THROUGH AN UNNECESSARY PREOCCUPATION WITH REALISM, AS A FOCUS OF EITHER DIALOGUE OR CRITICISM, THE DISCIPLINE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IS DISTRACTED FROM THE MOST INTERESTING DEBATES IN INTERNATIONAL THEORY.

FOLLOWING A DETAILED ANALYSIS OF DANISH POSTWAR SECURITY AND FOREIGN ECONOMIC POLICIES, THE AUTHOR CONCLUDES THAT DOMESTIC CONSENSUS HAS LARGELY BEEN REESTABLISHED IN DENMARK AND IS LIKELY TO PREVAIL IN THE 1990'S, DESPITE FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGES TO ESTABLISHED POLICIES AND ATTITUDES. IN THE NEXT DECADE, DENMARK MUST RESPOND TO FOUR MAIN CHALLENGES: THE CHANGING THREAT ENVIRONMENT, THE PROSPECTS OF A EUROPEAN UNION, GERMAN UNIFICATION, AND POSSIBILITIES FOR COOPERATION IN THE BALTIC REGION.

In den achtziger Jahren hat eine Annäherung der Türkei an den Mittleren Osten stattgefunden. Faktoren, die für die Außenpolitik der Türkei von Bedeutung sind, für ihre Beziehungen zu den Ländern des Mittleren Ostens sowie zu den westlichen Staaten werden von der Autorin dargestellt. Als äußere Faktoren werden wirtschaftliche Bedingungen, der Krieg zwischen Irak und Iran, der Zypernkonflikt und das Kurdenproblem aufgeführt. Als bedeutender innenpolitischer Faktor der türkischen Außenpolitik wird das Wiedererstarken des Islam genannt. (DGAP-Sli)

The year started with high hopes for political stability and social progress through democratic reforms, economic prosperity and sustained export expansion. By the year's end this optimism had not fully materialized for a variety of reasons. The author discusses the stalling of reform politics, inter-Korean relations, the economy and trade and South Koreas foreign relations. Improvement in this country's relations with the USSR and Eastern European countries. (DÜI-Sen)