Suchergebnisse

This book gathers peer-review contributions to the 4th International Workshop on Gerontechnology, IWoG 2021, held on November 23-24, 2021, in Évora, Portugal. They report on cutting-edge technologies and optimized workflows for promoting active aging and assisting elderly people at home, as well as in healthcare centers. They discuss the main challenges in the development, use and delivery of health care services and technologies. Not only they propose solutions for improving in practice the monitoring and management of health parameters and age-related diseases, yet they also describe improved approaches for helping seniors in their daily tasks and facilitating their communication and integration with assistive technologies, thus improving their quality of life, as well as their social integration. All in all, this book provides health professionals, researchers, and service providers with extensive information on the latest trends in the development and practical application of gerontechnology, with a special emphasis on improving quality of life of the elderly

Seit 1999 verleiht die Johann-Joachim-Becher-Stiftung zu Speyer in mehrjährigem Turnus einen Preis, der sich einem Thema des 1635 in Speyer geborenen Universalgelehrten Johann Joachim Becher widmet. Der nunmehr 7. Becher-Preis stand unter dem Motto "Demografischer Wandel – Herausforderung für Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft". Zwei der eingereichten und ausgezeichneten Arbeiten sind hier abgedruckt. Der erste Beitrag befasst sich mit Strategien für ländliche Räume im europäischen Vergleich; der zweite Beitrag ist der Frage der Rentenfinanzierung gewidmet. Darüber hinaus ist ein Bericht über den Festvortrag von Prof. Dr. Norbert Schneider, Direktor des Bundesinstituts für Bevölkerungsforschung abgedruckt. Ergänzt wird der Band durch eine Kurzdarstellung der Regionalstrategie Demografischer Wandel der Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar.Mit Beiträgen vonKirsten Mangels, Klaus Opfermann, Norbert Schneider, Gunnar Schwarting, Karl-Peter Sommermann, Julia Wohland.

The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs--Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income--have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others. This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation?s leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers

"Black Stats-- a comprehensive guide filled with contemporary facts and figures on African Americans-- is an essential reference for anyone attempting to fathom the complex state of our nation. With fascinating and often surprising information on everything from incarceration rates, lending practices, and the arts to marriage, voting habits, and green jobs, the contextualized material in this book will better attune readers to telling trends while challenging commonly held, yet often misguided, perceptions. A compilation that at once highlights measures of incredible progress and enumerates the disparate impacts of social policies and practices, this book is a critical tool for advocates, educators, and policy makers. Black Stats offers indispensable information that is sure to enlighten discussions and provoke debates about the quality of Black life in the United States today-and help chart the path to a better future. There are less than a quarter-million Black public school teachers in the U.S.-- representing just 7 percent of all teachers in public schools. Approximately half of the Black population in the United States lives in neighborhoods that have no White residents. In the five years before the Great Recession, the number of Black-owned businesses in the United States increased by 61 percent. A 2010 study found that 41 percent of Black youth feel that rap music videos should be more political. There are no Black owners or presidents of an NFL franchise team. 78 percent of Black Americans live within 30 miles of a coal-fired power plant, compared with 56 percent of White Americans."--

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación se centro en analizar e identificar las principales características sociodemográficas de las mujeres migrantes provenientes de Venezuela en Bucaramanga y su Área Metropolitana durante el 2017 al 2019. La investigación se sustentó en el paradigma analítico de la investigación social, con un enfoque cuantitativo, orientado por el análisis multidimensional que contempló un estudio detallado de las variables que caracterizan a las mujeres que han adelantado un proceso migratorio desde Venezuela hacia el AMB, basado en los datos recolectados en la Encuesta de Caracterización del Instituto de Estudios Políticos de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, durante los años de observación antes mencionados. La relevancia de esta investigación constituye un ejercicio reflexivo con enfoque de género sobre el fenómeno migratorio en la región y como esto ha afectado las estructuras de vida de las participantes de la investigación. ; INTRODUCCIÓN .8 MARCO TEÓRICO . 11 Migración, causas y consecuencias . 11 Procesos migratorios en América Latina . 19 Las mujeres migrantes . 24 ANÁLISIS SITUACIONAL DE LAS MUJERES MIGRANTES VENEZOLANAS EN EL AMB (2017-2019) . 31 1. Aspectos demográficos . 31 1.1. Edad . 31 1.2. Nacionalidad . 33 1.3. Documento de identificación de ingreso a Colombia . 34 2. Condiciones en el país de procedencia . 38 2.1. Condiciones laborales . 38 2.2. Disponibilidad y acceso a alimentos . 39 2.3. Condiciones alimentarias . 40 3. Características del proceso migratorio . 42 3.1. Fecha de la migración . 42 3.2. Estado de procedencia . 42 3.3. Forma de ingreso al país . 43 3.4. Cuotas por salida, tránsito e ingreso . 44 3.5. Forma de llegada al AMB. 44 3.6. Agresión patrimonial durante el tránsito al AMB . 45 3.7. Razones para elegir a Colombia como país para migrar . 45 3.8. Causas de la migración . 46 3.9. Razones para elegir una ciudad del AMB como destino para migrar . 47 3.10. Expectativas de permanencia . 47 4. Perfil educativo . 48 5. Perfil laboral . 48 6. Vinculación laboral en Colombia . 50 6.1. Actividades económicas desempeñadas . 50 6.2. Tipo de vinculación . 51 6.3. Principal fuente de ingreso . 51 6.4. Nivel de complejidad para conseguir empleo . 52 6.5. Relación del trabajo actual con el área de formación . 52 6.6. Explotación laboral . 53 7. Generación de ingresos. 53 7.1. Ingresos mensuales percibidos . 53 7.2. Satisfacción de necesidades . 54 7.3. Envío de remesas . 54 7.4. Grado de dependencia de familiares . 55 8. Aspectos de salud . 56 8.1. Enfermedades reportadas . 56 8.2. Población en condición de discapacidad . 56 8.3. Planificación familiar . 56 9. Respuesta pública al asunto migratorio . 57 9.1. Percepción sobre el trato de funcionarios públicos . 57 9.2. Percepción sobre áreas en las que debe reforzarse la oferta pública para migrantes . 58 9.3. Conocimiento de la oferta pública . 59 10. Inclusión social. 59 10.1. Temor a reconocer la nacionalidad . 59 10.2. Dificultad para acceder a servicios y/o lugares por ser migrante . 60 10.3. Situación de discriminación . 60 CONCLUSIONES . 62 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS . 68 ; Maestría ; The objective of this research work was focused on analyzing and identifying the main sociodemographic characteristics of migrant women from Venezuela in Bucaramanga and its Metropolitan Area during 2017 to 2019. ,The research was based on the analytical paradigm of social research, with a quantitative approach, oriented by multidimensional analysis that contemplated a detailed study of the variables that characterize women who have advanced a migratory process from Venezuela to the AMB, based on the data collected in the Characterization Survey of the Institute of Political Studies of the Autonomous University of Bucaramanga, during the aforementioned years of observation. The relevance of this research constitutes a reflective exercise with a gender perspective on the migratory phenomenon in the region and how this has affected the life structures of the research participants.

Ce papier s'intéresse à la construction de dispositifs de formation dans un contexte transfrontalier. Il se focalise sur la Grande Région Saar-Lor-Lux au carrefour de quatre pays (la France, le Luxembourg, la Belgique et l'Allemagne) en raison de la forte croissance du travail frontalier. Il montre que la construction de qualifications transférables d'un territoire à un autre est un enjeu fondamental pour ces territoires qui s'inscrit dans un véritable processus de construction territoriale multi-acteurs et multi-niveaux. Cette analyse montre que l'élaboration de ces programmes de formation comme l'apprentissage a été permise par une forte volonté politique régionale et européenne. Cette dernière a apporté un cadre à de nombreuses initiatives localisées stimulées par une coopération transfrontalière de proximité. Les territoires ont été ainsi capables d'apprentissage et d'invention. ; This paper focuses on the construction of training systems in a cross-border context. It focuses on the Greater Saar-Lor-Lux Region at the crossroads of four countries (France, Luxembourg, Belgium and Germany) due to the strong growth of cross-border work. It shows that the construction of transferable qualifications from one territory to another is a fundamental issue for these territories, which is part of a real multi-actor and multi-level territorial construction process. This analysis shows that the development of these training programmes such as apprenticeship was made possible by a strong regional and European political will. The latter has provided a framework for numerous localized initiatives stimulated by local cross-border cooperation. The territories have thus been capable of learning and invention.

Using Russia as an example, this thesis tends towards a better understanding of the sociological mechanisms that can influence family dynamics in relation to public policies. The fall of the USSR was accompanied by a demographic crisis which was reflected in the long-term decline of the Russian population. It is in this context that a new family policy is emerging in Russia which aims to influence in depth the dynamics and representations of the family. In the 2000s, the government introduced measures to encourage all women to procreate, regardless of their income. Then, in the 2010's, the state accompanied these economic incentives with a campaign to promote the family explicitly defined as "traditional" (married heterosexual couple with children). On the basis of a field survey carried out in three regions of Russia (Republic of Tatarstan, Republic of Udmurtia and Ulyanovsk oblast), this thesis addresses the different effects of this policy on family dynamics. Even though there has been an increase in the birth rate in recent years, the real impact of the newly introduced measures on quantitative indices is a subject of debate within the scientific community. The qualitative approach on which this thesis is based makes it possible to identify mechanisms at the microscopic level (the family nucleus) which may explain some of the socio-demographic trends observed at the macroscopic level. Unexpectedly, some of these mechanisms run counter to the objectives of the new family policy: the services offered sometimes lead to an improvement in living conditions which enables some beneficiaries to envisage divorce or to leave the parental home. These effects observed in the regions studied call into question two parameters of the 'traditional' model promoted by the state: the married couple and intergenerational cohabitation. Without tangibly influencing the family structure, it is legitimate to ask whether the "traditional" model has a place in the collective representation of the family. At the end of the 2000s, we ...

Using Russia as an example, this thesis tends towards a better understanding of the sociological mechanisms that can influence family dynamics in relation to public policies. The fall of the USSR was accompanied by a demographic crisis which was reflected in the long-term decline of the Russian population. It is in this context that a new family policy is emerging in Russia which aims to influence in depth the dynamics and representations of the family. In the 2000s, the government introduced measures to encourage all women to procreate, regardless of their income. Then, in the 2010's, the state accompanied these economic incentives with a campaign to promote the family explicitly defined as "traditional" (married heterosexual couple with children). On the basis of a field survey carried out in three regions of Russia (Republic of Tatarstan, Republic of Udmurtia and Ulyanovsk oblast), this thesis addresses the different effects of this policy on family dynamics. Even though there has been an increase in the birth rate in recent years, the real impact of the newly introduced measures on quantitative indices is a subject of debate within the scientific community. The qualitative approach on which this thesis is based makes it possible to identify mechanisms at the microscopic level (the family nucleus) which may explain some of the socio-demographic trends observed at the macroscopic level. Unexpectedly, some of these mechanisms run counter to the objectives of the new family policy: the services offered sometimes lead to an improvement in living conditions which enables some beneficiaries to envisage divorce or to leave the parental home. These effects observed in the regions studied call into question two parameters of the 'traditional' model promoted by the state: the married couple and intergenerational cohabitation. Without tangibly influencing the family structure, it is legitimate to ask whether the "traditional" model has a place in the collective representation of the family. At the end of the 2000s, we ...

Project SOAR in collaboration with the National AIDS Control Program of the Government of Tanzania, National Institute of Medical Research, and Jhpiego's Sauti Program, conducted an implementation science study to investigate the delivery of community-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) services to female sex workers (FSWs) in Tanzania. Studies from sub-Saharan Africa have shown improved HIV treatment outcomes, such as uptake of HIV services, retention in care, and increased dignity and quality of life, by using community-based delivery of HIV services. As detailed in this Project SOAR final report, the study assessed the effectiveness of the community-based ART delivery intervention in improving HIV treatment outcomes among FSWs in Tanzania.

Collection "Clefs Concours" ; International audience ; Je décris l'apparition d'une nouvelle ère dans l'histoire du droit vers le milieu des années 1970, celle du « psychopouvoi ». Sa fonction ? Celle de gouverner un monde dans lequel les instances intermédiaires comme la famille sont voire désactivées de leurs anciennes puissances tandis que l'individu est, dit-on, livré à lui-même. Je montre comment loin d'être une nécessité le psychopouvoir est un choix politique contestable car il se hisse contre les principes démocratiques qui, paradoxalement, lui ont permis de naître. Glossaire : Psychopouvoir-Etat de droit-démocratie-société civile-société politique-droit civil-droit pénal-liberté d'expression-minorités-violences psychiques-violences psychiques-moralisation du droit. Depuis le milieu des années 1970 les sociétés démocratiques sont entrées dans une nouvelle ère de l'histoire du droit. Les normes juridiques qui organisaient la société civile (le couple légitime, la filiation, la sexualité, nos rapports de travail, les liens qui nous unissent aux médecins, aux prêtres, à nos voisins) ont été « révolutionnées » pour accoucher d'un monde dans lequel rien ne serait plus comme avant. Si le droit issu des codifications napoléoniennes-ou inspiré directement par elles-n'avait pas cessé de se « moderniser » depuis la fin du 19 ème siècle, à partir des années 1970 il rompt avec ses formes d'organisation fondamentales, avec cet interminable passé. Dorénavant, l'ancien droit ne semble plus en mesure de coexister avec la démocratisation des sociétés occidentales, c'est à dire avec le renforcement de l'égalité et de la liberté. Ainsi, par exemple, le mariage, l'institution la plus paradigmatique de la société civile d'autrefois, ne pouvait pas survivre à l'essor de l'égalité entre les hommes et les femmes, entre celle des enfants nés dans son sein ou en dehors de celui-ci, ou à l'aspiration des personnes du même sexe de vivre en couple comme les autres. Et si le mot mariage a survécu à cette révolution il ne fait plus ...

Using Russia as an example, this thesis tends towards a better understanding of the sociological mechanisms that can influence family dynamics in relation to public policies. The fall of the USSR was accompanied by a demographic crisis which was reflected in the long-term decline of the Russian population. It is in this context that a new family policy is emerging in Russia which aims to influence in depth the dynamics and representations of the family. In the 2000s, the government introduced measures to encourage all women to procreate, regardless of their income. Then, in the 2010's, the state accompanied these economic incentives with a campaign to promote the family explicitly defined as "traditional" (married heterosexual couple with children). On the basis of a field survey carried out in three regions of Russia (Republic of Tatarstan, Republic of Udmurtia and Ulyanovsk oblast), this thesis addresses the different effects of this policy on family dynamics. Even though there has been an increase in the birth rate in recent years, the real impact of the newly introduced measures on quantitative indices is a subject of debate within the scientific community. The qualitative approach on which this thesis is based makes it possible to identify mechanisms at the microscopic level (the family nucleus) which may explain some of the socio-demographic trends observed at the macroscopic level. Unexpectedly, some of these mechanisms run counter to the objectives of the new family policy: the services offered sometimes lead to an improvement in living conditions which enables some beneficiaries to envisage divorce or to leave the parental home. These effects observed in the regions studied call into question two parameters of the 'traditional' model promoted by the state: the married couple and intergenerational cohabitation. Without tangibly influencing the family structure, it is legitimate to ask whether the "traditional" model has a place in the collective representation of the family. At the end of the 2000s, we ...

Using Russia as an example, this thesis tends towards a better understanding of the sociological mechanisms that can influence family dynamics in relation to public policies. The fall of the USSR was accompanied by a demographic crisis which was reflected in the long-term decline of the Russian population. It is in this context that a new family policy is emerging in Russia which aims to influence in depth the dynamics and representations of the family. In the 2000s, the government introduced measures to encourage all women to procreate, regardless of their income. Then, in the 2010's, the state accompanied these economic incentives with a campaign to promote the family explicitly defined as "traditional" (married heterosexual couple with children). On the basis of a field survey carried out in three regions of Russia (Republic of Tatarstan, Republic of Udmurtia and Ulyanovsk oblast), this thesis addresses the different effects of this policy on family dynamics. Even though there has been an increase in the birth rate in recent years, the real impact of the newly introduced measures on quantitative indices is a subject of debate within the scientific community. The qualitative approach on which this thesis is based makes it possible to identify mechanisms at the microscopic level (the family nucleus) which may explain some of the socio-demographic trends observed at the macroscopic level. Unexpectedly, some of these mechanisms run counter to the objectives of the new family policy: the services offered sometimes lead to an improvement in living conditions which enables some beneficiaries to envisage divorce or to leave the parental home. These effects observed in the regions studied call into question two parameters of the 'traditional' model promoted by the state: the married couple and intergenerational cohabitation. Without tangibly influencing the family structure, it is legitimate to ask whether the "traditional" model has a place in the collective representation of the family. At the end of the 2000s, we ...

International audience ; In France, recent researches on « shrinking cities » outline various local public policies which have been implemented for a new attractiveness of these urban areas. However, these studies do not address too much the ecological transition in this urban regeneration. In fact, this article aims to outline potentials contributions and impacts of alternative strategies of local resources management by firms. In order to measure these impacts, we have contextualized an urban shrinkage thought urban utopia and ecological transition. In addition, we have used for empirical analysis data from city of Dunkerque (France) where various industrial ecology. projects have been implemented since many years. With these both approaches, this paper demonstrates how transition can emerge as alternative policy of urban development ; L'émergence récente de la problématique des villes en décroissance en France met en lumière différentes politiques publiques s'inscrivant dans une logique d'attractivité. Cependant, les recherches sur la ville décroissante, notamment en France, n'abordent que très peu la question de la transition écologique sur laquelle pourrait reposer leur re-développement. S'appuyant sur une lecture de la décroissance urbaine qui tire ses fondements dans le vaste courant de pensée sur l'utopie urbaine d'une part, et les enjeux de transition écologique d'autre part, cet article a pour but d'esquisser une réflexion sur les potentialités offertes à ces territoires en déclin par la mise en oeuvre de stratégies alternatives de gestion des ressources territoriales. Il s'agit, au travers des synergies industrielles de Dunkerque (France), de définir les apports d'un changement de paradigme dans les organisations productives de la ville en décroissance à la construction d'un projet alternatif urbain.

International audience ; In France, recent researches on « shrinking cities » outline various local public policies which have been implemented for a new attractiveness of these urban areas. However, these studies do not address too much the ecological transition in this urban regeneration. In fact, this article aims to outline potentials contributions and impacts of alternative strategies of local resources management by firms. In order to measure these impacts, we have contextualized an urban shrinkage thought urban utopia and ecological transition. In addition, we have used for empirical analysis data from city of Dunkerque (France) where various industrial ecology. projects have been implemented since many years. With these both approaches, this paper demonstrates how transition can emerge as alternative policy of urban development ; L'émergence récente de la problématique des villes en décroissance en France met en lumière différentes politiques publiques s'inscrivant dans une logique d'attractivité. Cependant, les recherches sur la ville décroissante, notamment en France, n'abordent que très peu la question de la transition écologique sur laquelle pourrait reposer leur re-développement. S'appuyant sur une lecture de la décroissance urbaine qui tire ses fondements dans le vaste courant de pensée sur l'utopie urbaine d'une part, et les enjeux de transition écologique d'autre part, cet article a pour but d'esquisser une réflexion sur les potentialités offertes à ces territoires en déclin par la mise en oeuvre de stratégies alternatives de gestion des ressources territoriales. Il s'agit, au travers des synergies industrielles de Dunkerque (France), de définir les apports d'un changement de paradigme dans les organisations productives de la ville en décroissance à la construction d'un projet alternatif urbain.