Suchergebnisse

Cover; Half-title; Title; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Tables; Figures; Preface; 1 Introduction; 2 Export Pricing under Imperfect Competition; 3 Export Price, Learning, and Domestic Demand Disturbances; 4 Foreign Market Structure, Export Price, and Profitability; 5 Competitive Advantage and Export Performance; 6 Entry into the European and U.S. Manufacturing Industries; 7 Strategic Interactions in Cross-Market Entry; 8 Responses of Foreign Firms to Japanese Competition; 9 Exit in the U.S. Manufacturing Industries; 10 Interpreting the Empirical Findings; 11 Implications; Appendixes

The article discusses the relationship between the occurrence of international conflicts and the desire of states to implement their own geopolitical interests. The key factor in the emergence of conflicts is the concept of an inter-civilization clash by Samuel Huntington, where the role of states in the formation of the international system is the trigger for decision-making. The author states that in modern conditions Russia defends its interests, which should not be perceived by other actors of international relations as a threat, but as competition.

A lecture presented at Durham U (England) in Nov 1995 explores transformations of capital-labor relations following the post-Cold War crisis of Fordism. Various responses to this crisis have brought about radical restructurings of the world's economic hierarchy. One consequence has been the creation of continental economic blocs made up of countries with widely varying labor relations. The US-dominated bloc has emphasized strict control of the production process, while creating more flexibility in labor relations. The other blocs, comprising European & Asian countries, have preferred to trade management control over production for greater worker participation. The latter method shown to be more difficult to implement, but it is more efficient & renders a higher quality of production & labor benefits. An unintended ecological consequence of the restructuring is more support for global restrictions on the pollution that causes the greenhouse effect. 4 Tables, 5 Figures, 61 References. Adapted from the source document.

The article examines the economic aspect of international conflicts, in particular the role of the economic component in international conflicts. Individual causes of occurrence, management methods and principles of conflict resolution were studied, in order to structure theoretical knowledge about conflicts and determining the role of economic aspects in the reasons of conflicts, its influence on their course and the possibility of applying of economy as a lever that contributes to the prevention, resolution or minimization of the negative consequences of international conflicts, the search for solutions and the prevention of such in the future, also by taking into account the results of previous scientific studies and using the examples of modern interstate disputes. The main three functions that can be performed by the conflict economy have been defined and the importance of such roles for understanding the nature of the conflict and determining the methodology of its management and resolution has been defined. Authors studied the reasons of actual conflicts to reveal the role of economic aspects of each conflict in order to realize how is economy applied in those conflicts and if it could be as an instrument of aggression or as an instrument of stabilization and resolving the conflict. Also, the nature of conflicts itself was examined to understand if it is possible to find some signs that there is a possibility that a conflict is coming. This understanding could help to prevent the worst consequences of such foreign policy or how to manage it better. Some aspects of the psychology of the conflict were examined. The aim of studying this aspect was to realize which aspects give the possibility to the government to step in the conflict. And how the internal policy of some country could testify that country is preparing to some kind of a conflict. The different systems of internal state organizing were examined to understand which of them is more stable and which one is less stable and could not only move forward to the conflict, but also could be a kind of such conflict. Key words: international conflict, economic component, prevention tool, conflict psychology, interstate relations.

International humanitarian law (IHL) provides the occupying power extensive legal tools in order to allow it to control and govern the local occupied population, with the possibility of establishing a military law system being one of the most influential. The military law system gives the Military Commander of the occupied area an immense power as a potential legislator and judicial authority, but what happens when this legal system encounters the limitations placed by IHL in general and Occupation Law in particular? To examine this question, this article will present the case of the Israeli Military Court system in the Palestinian Occupied Territories and its use, abuse and misuse of international law norms. Based on the 5565 published rulings of the Military Court of Appeals, this research identifies all of the cases that refer to international law. This article suggests that the evolving approaches of the courts to international law are, in fact, a tool to justify and advance Israeli interests over the rights of the Palestinian defendants. Moreover, the article presents the potential impact these rulings have on the law in Palestine, the law in Israel and customary international law.

AbstractThis paper explores subsidiarity as a constitutional principle in international law. Some authors have appealed to a principle of subsidiarity in order to defend the legitimacy of several striking features of international law, such as the centrality of state consent, the leeway in assessing state compliance and weak sanctions in its absence. The article presents such defences of state-centric aspects of international law by appeals to subsidiarity, and finds them wanting. Different interpretations of subsidiarity have strikingly different institutional implications regarding the objectives of the polity, the domain and role of subunits, and the allocation of authority to apply the principle of subsidiarity itself. Five different interpretations are explored, drawn from Althusius, the US federalists, Pope Leo XIII, and others. One upshot is that the principle of subsidiarity cannot provide normative legitimacy to the state-centric aspects of current international law on its own. It stands in need of substantial interpretation. The versions of subsidiarity that match current practices of public international law are questionable. Many crucial aspects of our legal order must be reconsidered – in particular the standing and scope of state sovereignty.

"Mentoring-Programme im schulischen Kontext sind in Deutschland nach wie vor eher selten, auch wenn sie im Zuge reformatorischer Ansätze der Lehrerbildung mehr und mehr zum Einsatz kommen und auch im Bereich der schulischen Berufsorientierung sich zunehmender Beliebtheit erfreuen. Auch finden wir in der schulischen Praxis vielerorts 'verstecktes' oder informelles Mentoring, zum Beispiel zwischen älteren und jüngeren Lehrerkollegen/-innen, die den Einstieg der Lehranfänger/-innen in den Berufsweg und -alltag begleiten und optimieren sollen. Relativ selten werden standardisierte und strukturierte Programme, die zudem fest in der Schulkultur etabliert sind, genutzt. Im Folgenden werden die Autorinnen verschiedene nationale und internationale Mentoring-Ansätze für Lehrer/-innen und Schüler/-innen vor- bzw. gegenüberstellen und die zentralen Ergebnisse empirischer Untersuchungen zu Mentoring in der Schule zusammenfassend darstellen. Abschließend werden darauf aufbauend mögliche Implikationen für die Förderung einer Mentoring-Kultur an deutschen Schulen diskutiert." (Autorenreferat)