Suchergebnisse

The fate of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) is instructive beyond the borders of Italy. Its relation to democracy and religion may yet provide a pattern for a number of other countries.As a result of the June regional and administrative elections in Italy the Communist Party vote rose 5.5 percent since the 1972 General Elections. In fact, this was a greater increase in party strength than during all the previous two decades. This puts the Italian Communist Party practically on a par with the Christian Democrats (D.C.), while it gives the PCI control of most of the major cities and regions in Italy.

The modern, albeit fragmentary, elements of a social security structure exist in each independent nation of the tropical African sub-region, and largely constitute a legacy from a departed metropolitan power. The legacy has become expensive, expansive, complex, even controversial; it is an administratively burdensome method to alleviate human suffering arising out of the realisation of selected risks to economic security. Thus, social security, since its introduction in three stages in Bismarkian Germany between 1883 and 1889, has spread throughout the world, but its continued growth in tropical Africa – even before the pre-conditions of industrialisation have obtained – is meeting many obstacles: financial, political, philosophical, administrative, and otherwise.

Singapore is one of the most developed countries in Southeast Asia by most standards commonly used by social scientists. The factors which have directly or indirectly contributed to this degree of development include the following: an ecological location which makes Singapore the natural centre of the region; an excellent harbour; the political structure; a continuous supply of foreign capital; a development-oriented bureaucracy; planned industrial and urban development; the physical infra-structure and the attitudes and value orientations of its population. This list is by no means exhaustive and there remain many other factors though of lesser importance, which might be included.

One of the most pervasive phenomena in the modern political world is authoritarianism—regimes characterized by "limited pluralism," identifiably and analytically distinct from democratic or totalitarian types of rule. Well over a third of the contemporary nation-states, mostly in the developing regions, fall into the authoritarian category—and this fact alone would seem to call for intensive research. Nevertheless, despite the obvious importance of the problem, we know relatively little about the origins, dynamics, and stability (or instability) of such regimes. There is a particularly urgent need for empirical research to test, refine, and amplify hypotheses that now exist.

In the assessment of land tenure policies--the evaluation & anticipation of policy effects--a variety of variables must be carefully considered. In Ankole District, Western Uganda, land is increasingly acquired for commercial & speculative purposes & access for the majority of Banyankore is becoming problematic. 2 avenues of land acquisition--mailo grants & individual freehold titles--have contributed to nascent problems. Through an exploration of the effects of these policies on Ankole sociopolitical divisions & land policies, political implications beyond immediate agricultural growth are revealed. The relationship between land tenure & political conflict is examined in light of an historical ethnic division (& religious cleavage) between regions. Modified HA.

The use of coca leaves in the Andean region has usually been condemned as a simple addiction to cocaine. This paper summarizes a series of studies in the southern Andes which consider the biological and economic motivations of the users. It is suggested that consumption of leaves is limited to avoid the undesirable effects of large doses of cocaine, while the smaller doses received are beneficial in certain aspects of the arduous life at high altitude. The persistence of the practice is viewed in terms of economics. It is concluded that coca plays a role in Andean life which is not related to simple addictive properties.

What were the relationships between agriculture, natural calamity, standards of living, and population growth in India? To what extent were Indian agriculturalists able to raise their standard of living in the nineteenth century under British rule? Why did population grow, or fail to expand, in particular regions and provinces at certain times? Historians have left these questions virtually untouched. Population growth has been at the center of the controversy about the impact of British rule. But only preliminary work has been done on the actual expansion of population, and hardly a page has been written on the economic and medical reasons for change.

A homogeneous cultural history for the Venezuelan Andes had been postulated using unilateral approaches and neglecting environmental variations within the region. Our archaeological and ethnohistorical data allow us to establish the tierra fría Mucuchíes phase of the Andean pattern. Typical features are the cultivation of cold climate tubers, stone constructions, simple pottery, and burials associated with votive material. This contrasts with the features of the Sub‐Andean pattern established for the tierra templada. The Mucuchíes phase's resemblance to the Chibcha and Tairona material from Colombia reflects in a simplified form the way of life of the protohistoric people of the Andes as a whole.

No region has undergone more dramatic changes in the last century than Western North Carolina. Published in 1973, Western North Carolina Since the Civil War takes a look at mountain people in Western North Carolina and their uniquely structured economic, political, social, and cultural systems. The Van Noppens specifically explore different qualities of the mountain people such as their institutions, traditions, customs, and arts and crafts. Beginning with a dark period of social and economic disintegration after the end of the Civil War, the study traces the mountain peoples' lives from isolation to economic booms all while maintaining their traditions and cultural heritage.

University students have long played an important role in latin american politics. Preceding by several decades the first signs of youthful protest in the United States, student activism in Latin America has been persistent and often decisive. For example, student groups were instrumental in the overthrow of regimes in Cuba (1933, 1959), Guatemala (1944), Venezuela (1958), and Bolivia (1964). At one time or another, virtually every governing strongman in the region has had to contend with varying opposition from student groups. Indeed, as Robert Alexander has noted, "in the past four decades they have constituted one of the most important pressure groups in twenty republics."

THE TRADITIONAL CONCEPT THAT VOTER TURNOUT IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO EDUCATION HAS BEEN REFUTED ABROAD AS A WESTERN CULTURAL PHENOMENON. A STUDY OF VOTING TURNOUT AMONG BLACKS IN THE 1968 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION SUGGESTS THAT THE MONOTONIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATION & TURNOUT DOES NOT HOLD TRUE IN THE WEST; A CURVILINEAR CONFIGURATION IN THE DATA APPEARED REPEATEDLY IN THE ANALYSIS. USING CONTROL VARIABLES FOR REGION, SEX, & AGE DATA ANALYSES AGAIN FOUND THE CURVILINEAR CONFIGURATION APPEARING. THE GENERALIZATION THAT VOTER TURNOUT INCREASES WITH EDUCATION DOES NOT DESCRIBE THE PATTERN OF BLACK TURNOUT IN THE 1968 ELECTION. THIS CONTRADICTS A TRADITIONAL GENERALIZATION ON BOTH FOREIGN & DOMESTIC DATA. 2 TABLES. T. BABITSKY.

Politische Einstellungen, Beurteilung der Parteien und Parteipräferenz
der primären Umwelt.

Themen: Politisches Interesse; Einstellung zur Mitbestimmung und zur
Schwangerschaftsunterbrechung sowie Kompetenz der Parteien bezüglich
dieser Themen; Einstellung zum Tragen von Wahlplaketten und eigenes
diesbezügliches Verhalten; Sympathie-Skalometer für SPD, CDU, CSU, FDP,
NPD und DKP; Wahlverhalten (Erststimme und Zweitstimme) bei den
Bundestagswahlen 1969 und 1972; eigene Parteibindung; Parteipräferenz
des Vaters; detaillierte demographische Angaben über die nächsten
Freunde sowie deren Parteipräferenz; Religiosität; Ortsansässigkeit.

Demographie: Alter; Geschlecht; Familienstand; Konfession;
Schulbildung; Berufsausbildung; Beruf; Haushaltseinkommen;
Haushaltsgröße; Haushaltszusammensetzung; Selbsteinschätzung der
Schichtzugehörigkeit; soziale Herkunft; Ortsgröße; Bundesland.

Zusätzlich verkodet wurden folgende Aggregatdaten aus den Unterlagen
der Volkszählung 1970: Absolute Wohnbevölkerungszahl;
Bevölkerungsveränderung seit 1961; Durchschnittsalter der
Wohnbevölkerung; in Prozentanteilen wurde für die jeweilige Region
festgehalten: Familienstand, Religion, Erwerbsquote, Erwerbstätige in
verschiedenen Wirtschaftsbereichen, Arbeiter, Beamte und Angestellte,
Ausländer.

AbstractA complete solution is derived to the Isbell and Marlow fire programming problem. The original work of Isbell and Marlow has been extended by determining the regions of the initial state space from which optimal paths lead to each of the terminal states of combat. The solution process has involved determining the domain of controllability for each of the terminal states of combat and the determination of dispersal surfaces. This solution process suggests a solution procedure applicable to a wider class of tactical allocation problems, terminal control attrition differential games. The structure of optimal target engagement policies in "fights to the finish" is discussed.

A study was made of 84 patients who attempted suicide in the Illawarra region of New South Wales. Most of the cases suffered from drug overdoses. The majority were young women. Of 64 women, 48 were married and only four were single. The occupations of both men and women were generally of low social status. Half of the patients' occupations were described as 'domestic duties' or 'domestic'. The proportion of attempted suicides (by religion) was approximately the same as would be expected on the basis of the percentage of persons in each religious denomination as represented by the 1966 census, with the exception of three religions.

The Generalized System of Preference is composed of various schemes under which donor countries, or regions, offer non-reciprocal and general tariff reductions on the imports of semi-manufactured and manufactured goods from developing countries. The G.S.P. differs from preferences previously granted to African countries by European nations in two ways: first, the preferences granted relate to a broad range of articles rather than relating to specific primary commodities; and secondly, they are non-reciprocal and do not bind developing countries to grant trade preferences on selected imported goods in order to receive them on some of the commodities and food-stuffs that they export.