Suchergebnisse

Dottorato di ricerca in Storia d'Europa: società, politica, istituzioni (XIX-XX secolo) ; Alcune biografie di giornalisti, risalenti alla stagione di studi a cavallo tra gli anni '70 e '80, sono ormai accreditate come lavori di chiara valenza storica. Tra le analisi più significative si annoverano quelle sulle figure di Luigi Abertini, Alfredo Frassati e Alberto Bergamini. In questo filone vuole inserirsi il presente studio, che ha come scopo di fornire uno sguardo di insieme sulle esperienza di vita, professionali e personali, di un giornalista finora poco conosciuto, Mario Borsa. Formatosi sin da giovane negli ambienti del giornalismo milanese di matrice socialista e radicale, Borsa fu per 14 anni il corrispondente estero del "Secolo", che era considerto allora il giornale di riferimento della democrazia cittadina e nazionale. Entrata in crisi la popolarità della testata, nel 1911 egli venne richiamato in Italia per rinnovarla secondo i metodi anglosassoni e se ne assunse di fatto la responsabilità fino al 1918 quando passò a seguire i lavori della Conferenza di Versailles. Sotto la sua guida il giornale si oppose coraggiosamente alla guerra di Libia, fu tra i principali fautori dell'ingresso dell'Italia nella Prima guerra mondiale a fianco dell'Intesa e si spese attivamente per il raggiungimento di una pace giusta e durevole. Nel dopoguerra, come la maggior parte delle testate italiane, anche "Il Secolo" subì la lenta penetrazione delle forze capitalistiche e la seguente fascistizzazione. Borsa venne esautorato e costretto a dimettersi, ma potè testimoniare, i momenti cruciali dell'instaurazione della dittatura, attraverso le colonne del "Times", di cui divenne corrispondente da Milano. Antifascista della prima ora, in Italia prese parte a tutte le maggiori iniziative dell'opposizione liberale e democratica senza abbandonare mai, per quanto pericolosi, i contatti con l'antifascismo di ispirazione giellista e azionista. Continuò perciò a rappresentare per tutto il Ventennio una spina del fianco del Regime, tanto che, dopo essere stato diffidato e ammonito, venne internato nel 1940 per le sue idee, che lo rendevano un "Italiano pericoloso". All'indomani della Liberazione, il prestigio e l'integrità accumulati nel corso della lunga carriera, fecero di Borsa il candidato ideale alla direzione del "Corriere della sera". La sua conduzione del giornale di via Solferino, per quanto breve e sottoposta a diverse influenze, ebbe una grandissima importanza: si caratterizzò soprattutto per aver contribuito a ristabilire un clima di ordine e di fiducia costruttiva e per aver saputo sfatare le paure alimentate dalla propaganda monarchica favorendo la vittoria della Repubblica al referendum istituzionale del 2 giugno; un risultato che il direttore pagò nuovamente di persona, con l'allontamento. Queste sono solo alcune delle molteplici battaglie che Borsa intraprese, con coerenza personale e integrità professionale costanti, che lo fanno ricordare come un difensore intransigente della libertà di stampa, uno dei maggiori esponenti del democratismo, un personaggio che andrebbe giustamente inserito tra gli interpreti di quella che viene indicata come "l'età d'oro" della stampa, in cui i giornalisti italiani non furono solo osservatori, bensì protagonisti della storia politica e sociale del Paese. ; Some biographies of journalists, dating back to the series of studies spanning the '70s and '80s, are now accredited as works of clear historical importance. Among the most significant analysis, those about Luigi Abertini, Alfredo Frassati and Alberto Bergamini. In this line wants to enter this study, which aims to provide an overall look on the professional and personal life experience of a little-known journalist, Mario Borsa. Trained from his youth in the areas of radical and socialist journalism of Milan, for 14 years Mario Borsa was foreign correspondent for "Il Secolo", which was considered as a reference for democracy in the city and the all nation. Fallen the newspaper into a crisis of popularity, Borsa was recalled to Italy to renew it according to Anglo-Saxon's methods and to assume also its editorial responsibility in the crucial years between 1911 and 1918. Under his guidance the newspaper courageously opposed the war in Libya, was a major proponent of Italy's entry into the First World War alongside the Entente and worked actively to achieve a just and lasting peace. After the war, like most of Italian newspapers, "Il Secolo" had the slow penetration of capitalist forces first and of fascists then. Mario Borsa was ousted and forced to resign, but he could testify, the moments of the establishment of the dictatorship, through the columns of the"Times", for wich he became correspondent for Milan. Staunch antifascist, in Italy he tooks part in all the major initiatives of the opposition Democratic-Liberal and never left, even if dangerous, his connections with the Lombard antifascists of "Giustizia e libertà" or of "Partito d'azione". Therefore he always continued to represent a thorn in the side for the Fascist regime, so, after being warned, was interned in 1940 for his ideas, that made him a "dangerous Italian". After the Liberation, the prestige and integrity built up over the long career, made of Mario Borsa the ideal candidate to the direction of the "Corriere della Sera".His management of the newspaper of "Via Solferino", however brief and subjected to different influences, had a great importance because it has been characterized for having helped to restore a climate of order and confidence and for having favored the victory of the Republic to the institutional referendum; a result that the responsable paid again in person, by moving away. These are just some of the battles that Mario struggled with constant personal and professional integrity. For these reasons he should be remember as an uncompromising defender of press freedom, one of the greatest exponents of democratism, and a personality who should be rightly placed between the interpreters of what is referred as "the golden age" of the press, in which Italian journalists were not only observers, but protagonists of the political and social history of the country.

The heroine of the novel by V.Shkliar Marusya appears as a talented military leader, fighting for the independence of Ukraine, despite many obstacles and difficulties to achieve the purpose because of which her father, brothers, village fellows sacrifised their lives. The novel «Marusya» in that part which relates directly the chieftain activities are fully documented, because it is based on the memoir materials and real facts. Here you can talk about it as a biographical novel. The same story line that connects the main character and Myron Girnyak, is based mostly on fiction and author's fantasy. You can definitely speak about quasi-biography. ; Героиня романа В.Шкляра Маруся предстает как талантливый военачальник, который борется за независимость Украины, не смотря на многочисленные преграды и трудности, для достижения цели, за которую отдали жизнь ее отец, братья, односельчане. Произведение «Маруся» в той части, что касается непосредственной деятельности атамана, является вполне документальным, поскольку базируется на мемуарных материалах и реальних фактах. Здесь можно говорить о нем как о биографическом романе. Та же сюжетная линия, что связывает главную героиню с Мироном Гирняком, базируется преимущественно на художественном вымысле и бурной фантазии автора. Здесь можно уверенно говорить о квази-биографии. ; Героїня роману В.Шкляра Маруся постає як талановитий воєначальник, що бореться за незалежність України, незважаючи на численні перешкоди і труднощі, заради досягнення мети, за яку віддали життя її батько, брати, односельчани. Твір «Маруся» у тій частині, що стосується безпосередньо діяльності отамана, є цілком документальним, оскільки базується на мемуарних матеріалах і реальних фактах. Тут можна говорити про нього як про біографічний роман. Та ж сюжетна лінія, що пов'язує головну героїню з Мироном Гірняком, базується здебільшого на художньому вимислі й бурхливій фантазії автора. Тут можна впевнено говорити про квазі-біографію.

The article clarifies the circumstances of the conviction by the Soviet punitive system of a person who called himself Anton Ivanovich Latyshenko and claimed to be an accomplice in the assassination of Warsaw Metropolitan George (Yaroshevsky). A defector from Poland, who claimed to be a doctor by profession and a priest, told several contradictory (and even mutually exclusive) versions of his biography from December 1924 to April 1926. In an attempt to finally legalize himself in the USSR, Latyshenko attracted the attention of the Joint State Political Directorate, was arrested, and later sentenced to 3 years in prison in the Solovki prison campand to 3 years in exile in the Urals. The author verified the data contained in the archival and investigative case of A.Latyshenko, recreated the real chronology of events, established causal links between them. Several variants of the «autobiographies» of the criminal investigation participant were analyzed. A. Latyshenko's key statements are classified on the basis of a philosophical and sociological approach to the interpretation of the historical phenomenon of «impersonation». Hypothetical plans for further attempts to «convert» the false stories of the adventurer into a certain status in Soviet society have been reconstructed. On the basis of archival sources introduced for the first time into scientific circulation, the author made the following conclusions: 1. All the information that A.I. Latyshenko reported about himself in 1924-1926 was completely fictional. 2. The Soviet investigating authorities not only failed to verify most of his allegations, but also failed to establish the true identity of the defector from Poland. 3. This person was not involved in the murder in Warsaw on February 8, 1923. 4. Not only family ties are doubtful, but even Anton Latyshenko's acquaintance with Archimandrite Smaragd (Pavel Latyshenko). 5. The imposter, most likely, did not come from the clergy, did not have a professional medical education and the priesthood.

The article analyzes historical sources, which are important for the study of multivector directions of social, political and scientific activities of A. I. Georgievsky. Special attention is paid to the sources of private origin and to archival documents. Taking into account many years of journalistic and publicistic activity of A. I. Georgievsky, materials of central and regional periodicals are analyzed. Memoirs and epistolary heritage of prominent political and public figures, which contain valuable material covering life and work of A. I. Georgievsky, are researched. Presented sources reflect many years of A. I. Georgievsky's work, which greatly influenced the development of historical science and journalism, contributed to the modernization of the educational system in the Russian Empire. These sources are useful for the reproduction of A. I. Georgievsky's intellectual heritage and serve as the evidence of new trends in the development of sociocultural and socio-political space in Russia in the second half of the nineteenth century

У статті розглядається вплив на науково­дослідну діяльність і особисте життя професора М. Валяшка ідеологічних кампаній радянської влади пов'язаних з висилкою із країни ряду представників дореволюційної інтелігенції (початок 1920­х рр.) й необґрунтованою критикою прибічників теорії електромагнітного резонансу та мезомерії (кінець 1940­х – початок 1950­х рр.).Незважаючи на певну напруженість у відносинах професора й нової влади, що виникла через висилання низки представників «старої» інтелігенції за межі республіки на початку 1920­х рр., більшовики вчасно зрозуміли, що втрата наукового діяча такого масштабу може завдати серйозної шкоди як передовим дослідженням у галузі органічної хімії, так і фармацевтичній освіті. Надалі М. Валяшку були запропоновані прийнятні умови для науково­дослідної діяльності, що розгорнулася на кафедрах органічної хімії Харківського хіміко­технологічного інституту та фармацевтичної хімії й фармакогнозії Харківського фармацевтичного інституту.Початок 1950­х рр. позначився новим загостренням взаємовідносин науковця з владою. Цього разу воно було викликане тим, що її представники, винятково з ідеологічних міркувань, засудили деякі теорії, які підтримувалися вченим, зокрема електромагнітного резонансу та мезомерії. Ці події вкрай негативно позначилися на психологічному стані М. Валяшка, обумовивши завершення активної фази його науково­дослідної роботи. ; У статті розглядається вплив на науково­дослідну діяльність і особисте життя професора М. Валяшка ідеологічних кампаній радянської влади пов'язаних з висилкою із країни ряду представників дореволюційної інтелігенції (початок 1920­х рр.) й необґрунтованою критикою прибічників теорії електромагнітного резонансу та мезомерії (кінець 1940­х – початок 1950­х рр.).Незважаючи на певну напруженість у відносинах професора й нової влади, що виникла через висилання низки представників «старої» інтелігенції за межі республіки на початку 1920­х рр., більшовики вчасно зрозуміли, що втрата наукового діяча такого масштабу може завдати серйозної шкоди як передовим дослідженням у галузі органічної хімії, так і фармацевтичній освіті. Надалі М. Валяшку були запропоновані прийнятні умови для науково­дослідної діяльності, що розгорнулася на кафедрах органічної хімії Харківського хіміко­технологічного інституту та фармацевтичної хімії й фармакогнозії Харківського фармацевтичного інституту.Початок 1950­х рр. позначився новим загостренням взаємовідносин науковця з владою. Цього разу воно було викликане тим, що її представники, винятково з ідеологічних міркувань, засудили деякі теорії, які підтримувалися вченим, зокрема електромагнітного резонансу та мезомерії. Ці події вкрай негативно позначилися на психологічному стані М. Валяшка, обумовивши завершення активної фази його науково­дослідної роботи. ; The article dwells on the influence of Soviet authorities' campaigns, which were connected with expulsion of a number of representatives of prerevolutionary intelligentsia, and unjustified critics of the electromagnetic resonance theory and mesomeric effect supporters, on the research and development activity and private life of Professor M. Valiashko at the beginning of 1920's and 1950's. Despite some tension in the relationships between professor and the new Government, which appeared due to the evictions of a number of intelligentsia supporters outside the Republic at the beginning of 1920's, the Bolsheviks has promptly realized that the loss of the scientific figure of such a value could cause huge damage to the best practices in the field of organic chemistry, as well as to the pharmaceutical education. Later on, M.Vailashko was given quite comfortable conditions for his research and development activity, which took its place at the faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy within the walls of the Kharkiv Pharmaceutical University.The beginning of 1950's was marked by a new increased controversy in the life of the honorary scientist with the Government. This time it was caused by the representatives of the Government, who based solely on their ideological thoughts, has denounced some of the theories, which were supported by scientists of electromagnetic resonance and mesomeric effect in particular. Such an events had a very negative impact on the psychological health of M.Valiashko, and caused the completion of an active phase of his research and development activity.

In the article on the basis of the analysis of archival documents, statistical data and memoirs, with application of a biographical method, the reconstruction of the biography of the extraordinary Greek-Catholic priest Lev-Mykola Burnadz in the conditions of various state political systems of the first half of the ХХ century was carried out. The work traced back the process of mindset formation in the family of the priest and during the period of study in Kolomyia gymnasium. It also emphasized the crystallization of the national consciousness, which induced to military service in the Austria-Hungary Army and in the Ukrainian Galician Army. The study indicated the evolution of the belief system in the post-war time as one of the choice factors of a state of a celibate priest. Besides, it analysed the vicarial and public activity of L.-M. Burnadz in Patsykiv and Silets villages, and Horodenka and Stanislaviv cities. It was supposed that social and political views of the priest were a synthesis of a centrist national and democratic and conservative Christian public movements. It was also established that during the violent elimination of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church he refused to transfer to Russian Orthodox Church for what he was repressed and died in exile. Specifications of some separate details of L.-M. Burnadz's biography by the subsequent researchers will promote the preparation of documents for beatification process. Keywords: platoon leader of the Austrian Army, lieutenant of Ukrainian Galician Army, celibate priest, employee, parish administrator, confessor of the faith. ; У статті, на основі аналізу архівних документів, статистичних даних і спогадів, із застосу­ванням біографічного методу, здійснено реконструкцію біографії неординарного греко-католицького священика Лева-Миколи Бурнадза в умовах різних державно-політичних систем першої половини ХХ ст. Простежено формування світогляду у священичій родині та під час навчання в Коломийській гімназії, підкреслено кристалізацію національної самосвідомості, що спонукала до військової служби в армії Авст­ро-Угорщини й Українській Галицькій армії. Вказано на еволюцію світогляду у післявоєнний час як один із факторів вибору стану священика-целебса. Проаналізовано душпастирську та суспільну діяль­ність о. Л.-М. Бурнадзав селах Пациків і Сілець, містах Городенка і Станиславів. Припускається, що су­спільно-політичні погляди священика були синтезом центристської національно-демократичної та консервативної християнської суспільної течій. Встановлено, що під час насильної ліквідації УГКЦ він відмовився перейти до РПЦ, за що був репресований і загинув на засланні. Уточнення наступними до­слідниками окремих деталей біографії о.Л.-М.Бурнадза сприятиме підготовці документів для беати­фікаційного процесу. Ключові слова: чотар австрійської армії, поручник УГА, священик-целебс, сотрудник, адмі­ністратор парохії, ісповідник віри

The proposed article is an exploration of realistic social ontology, devoted to the study of the in- teraction between national memory, historiography and archives as defining social institutions of the modern era. The study focuses on the problems of formation and transformation of per- ceptions of the past of the national community — the bearer of sovereignty. During the analysis, the author concludes that national memory, archives and historiography are endowed with their own dynamics, and the relationship between them is a changing constellation of relations, that has undergone a complex evolution over the last two centuries. Beginning in the 19th century, the nature of relations changed in the direction of emancipation of archives from the guidelines of official historiography, distancing historiography from the exercise of state power, and the emer- gence of a new memorial culture in the late twentieth century. The result of these changes was the emergence of affirmative historiography, which has a significant impact on public life. The author concludes that the urgent problem of today is to create conditions for conflict-free interaction of all participants in the politics of memory in order to avoid politicization caused by inconsist- encies in the interpretation of past events. ; Пропонована стаття являє собою розвідку з реалістичної соціальної онтології, присвячену дослідженню взаємодії між національною пам'яттю, історіографією та архівом як визначальними соціальними інституціями модерної доби. У дослідженні зосереджено увагу на проблемі становлення і трансформацій уявлень про минуле національної спільноти — носія суверенітету. Під час аналізу автор доходить висновку, що національна пам'ять, архів та історіографія наділені власною динамікою, а взаємини між ними являють собою мінливу констеляцію відносин, що протягом останніх двох століть пройшла складну еволюцію. Починаючи з ХІХ століття, характер цих взаємин змінювався у напрямку емансипації архівів від настанов офіційної історіографії, дистанціювання історіографії від виконання державної влади, та виникнення наприкінці ХХ століття нової меморіальної культури. Результатом цих змін стала поява афірмативної історіографії, що справляє відчутний вплив на суспільне життя. З огляду на ці зміни автор доходить висновку, що актуальною проблемою сьогодення є створення умов для безконфліктної взаємодії всіх учасників політики пам'яті з метою уникнення політизації, спричиненої неузгодженостями в інтерпретації подій минулого.

Entrepreneur, urban planner, politician, editor, the Italian intellectual Adriano Olivetti (1901-1960) proposed a novel reading view of modernity and demonstrated that an alternative way, one that was complex and disinterested in the common good, was possible. Relying on previously unexploited research drawn from Olivetti's library and various archives, this intellectual biography reconstructs the life of Adriano Olivetti looking through the lens of the specifics of his territory and his family, the scientific management, urban planning, anti-fascism, entrepreneurial activity and politics, thereby providing a global and historically-based interpretation of the man and his thought. Adriano Olivetti was born in Ivrea, in the Canavese. Situated between Aosta and Turin, this small rural town had little industry when, in the early twentieth century, his father Camillo Olivetti founded a typewriters' factory. Camillo was a socialist of Jewish origin, whose wife was Waldensian, and his son was educated in religious freedom and would become a Catholic. As an engineering student, Adriano Olivetti supported the principles of autonomy and of federalist socialism, before focusing on scientific management which he had observed in the USA. In the early '30s he became the director of the company, where he inaugurated the scientific management of mass production. He subsequently noticed that the modernization of industry, conceived as the only means to generalize the well-being, generated serious social and urban problems. As a result, as the company grew larger and conquered foreign markets, he coordinated an urban plan of the Val d'Aosta. An antifascist, he contributed to the fall of Mussolini by working with the Allies. While exiled in Switzerland, he developed a plan for the reform of Italian institutions which would set the territories at the center of politics, the "Communities" that would allow the citizens to participate more directly in the management of politics, economics, urban and social development. When in 1945 ...

Entrepreneur, urban planner, politician, editor, the Italian intellectual Adriano Olivetti (1901-1960) proposed a novel reading view of modernity and demonstrated that an alternative way, one that was complex and disinterested in the common good, was possible. Relying on previously unexploited research drawn from Olivetti's library and various archives, this intellectual biography reconstructs the life of Adriano Olivetti looking through the lens of the specifics of his territory and his family, the scientific management, urban planning, anti-fascism, entrepreneurial activity and politics, thereby providing a global and historically-based interpretation of the man and his thought. Adriano Olivetti was born in Ivrea, in the Canavese. Situated between Aosta and Turin, this small rural town had little industry when, in the early twentieth century, his father Camillo Olivetti founded a typewriters' factory. Camillo was a socialist of Jewish origin, whose wife was Waldensian, and his son was educated in religious freedom and would become a Catholic. As an engineering student, Adriano Olivetti supported the principles of autonomy and of federalist socialism, before focusing on scientific management which he had observed in the USA. In the early '30s he became the director of the company, where he inaugurated the scientific management of mass production. He subsequently noticed that the modernization of industry, conceived as the only means to generalize the well-being, generated serious social and urban problems. As a result, as the company grew larger and conquered foreign markets, he coordinated an urban plan of the Val d'Aosta. An antifascist, he contributed to the fall of Mussolini by working with the Allies. While exiled in Switzerland, he developed a plan for the reform of Italian institutions which would set the territories at the center of politics, the "Communities" that would allow the citizens to participate more directly in the management of politics, economics, urban and social development. When in 1945 ...

Entrepreneur, urban planner, politician, editor, the Italian intellectual Adriano Olivetti (1901-1960) proposed a novel reading view of modernity and demonstrated that an alternative way, one that was complex and disinterested in the common good, was possible. Relying on previously unexploited research drawn from Olivetti's library and various archives, this intellectual biography reconstructs the life of Adriano Olivetti looking through the lens of the specifics of his territory and his family, the scientific management, urban planning, anti-fascism, entrepreneurial activity and politics, thereby providing a global and historically-based interpretation of the man and his thought. Adriano Olivetti was born in Ivrea, in the Canavese. Situated between Aosta and Turin, this small rural town had little industry when, in the early twentieth century, his father Camillo Olivetti founded a typewriters' factory. Camillo was a socialist of Jewish origin, whose wife was Waldensian, and his son was educated in religious freedom and would become a Catholic. As an engineering student, Adriano Olivetti supported the principles of autonomy and of federalist socialism, before focusing on scientific management which he had observed in the USA. In the early '30s he became the director of the company, where he inaugurated the scientific management of mass production. He subsequently noticed that the modernization of industry, conceived as the only means to generalize the well-being, generated serious social and urban problems. As a result, as the company grew larger and conquered foreign markets, he coordinated an urban plan of the Val d'Aosta. An antifascist, he contributed to the fall of Mussolini by working with the Allies. While exiled in Switzerland, he developed a plan for the reform of Italian institutions which would set the territories at the center of politics, the "Communities" that would allow the citizens to participate more directly in the management of politics, economics, urban and social development. When in 1945 ...

This article determines the novelty of the research of Hnat Koltsuniak's biography – the repressed figure of Ukrainian science and culture of Galicia of the first third of the 20th century. The research emphasizes the areas of scientific knowledge and arts where his activity was fundamental: ethnic, ethnographic, and art studies. The purpose of the proposed article is to continue the reconstruction of Hnat Koltsuniak's life on the cumulative basis of fragmented historiography, new archival information, and visual sources; study of the role which his artistic and scientific work played in the cultural and historical discourses of the first third of the 20th century and those of independent Ukraine. The visual sources of the research studied "de visu" (works of art, museum documentation) have been summarized in the topical media archives. The historiography and sources of the article have been systematized, cited, and commented on. The contribution of Kyiv and Kolomyia museum professionals, who consulted the proposed research, has been determined. The main part of the article is presented as the reconstruction of the Galician, military (World War I, the period of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921), and Kyiv periods of Hnat Koltsuniak's life. Some hypotheses about his exile in 1933–1937 have been made. The analysis of the book covers and inscriptions (a type of bookplates) created by Hnat Koltsuniak has been carried out from the point of view of book studies. The article identifies the criteria which make the copies with his publication and inscriptions stored in the librarian fund of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine prospective for inclusion in the State Register of National Cultural Heritage. The contents and fate of the book collection of the Cabinet of Anthropology and Ethnology named after Fedir Vovk, established in honor of the founder of Ukrainian studies and destroyed by repressions, is additionally highlighted. Such research methods and their challenges are defined: lack of archival information, in particular that of the Soviet punitive and repressive organs; insufficient amount of Hnat Koltsuniak's works of art in museum collections. The prospects of this research on the basis of new archival information are determined. ; У статті визначено наукову новизну дослідження біографії репресованого діяча української науки та культури Галичини першої третини ХХ ст. Гната Миколайовича Колцуняка. Зроблено акценти на ті сфери наукового знання та мистецтва, де його діяльність мала фундаментальний характер: народознавчі, етнографічні та мистецтвознавчі студії. Метою дослідження обрано продовження реконструкції долі Г. Колцуняка на основі узагальнення розрізненої історіографії, нової архівної інформації, візуальних джерел, вивчення ролі мистецького та наукового доробку персоналії в культурологічному та історичному дискурсах першої третини ХХ ст. та України незалежної. Опрацьовані de visu візуальні джерела (мистецькі твори, музейна документація) узагальнені в медіа-архів дослідження. Систематизовано, процитовано та прокоментовано історіографію і джерельну базу дослідження. Зазначено про внесок музейників Києва та Коломиї – консультантів дослідження. Основна частина статті подана як реконструкція галицького, воєнного (Перша світова вій­на та доба Української революції 1917–21 рр.) і київського періодів життя Г. Колцуняка, зроблено припущення щодо подій у період його заслання в 1933–37 рр. Проведено книгознавчий аналіз книжкових обкладинок та інскриптів, створених Г. Колцуняком. Визначено критерії, за якими примірники з його публікацією та інскриптами в бібліотечному фонді Національного музею історії України мають перспективу внесення в Державний реєстр національного культурного надбання. Додатково висвітлено зміст і долю книжкової колекції Кабінету антропології та етнології ім. Ф. Вовка, заснованого на честь фундатора українознавства та знищеного репресіями. Подано методи дослідження, визначено його виклики: брак архівної інформації, зокрема радянських карально-репресивних органів, мала збереженість творів Г. Колцуняка в музейних колекціях. Визначено перспективи дослідження на основі нових архівних джерел.

This article determines the novelty of the research of Hnat Koltsuniak's biography – the repressed figure of Ukrainian science and culture of Galicia of the first third of the 20th century. The research emphasizes the areas of scientific knowledge and arts where his activity was fundamental: ethnic, ethnographic, and art studies. The purpose of the proposed article is to continue the reconstruction of Hnat Koltsuniak's life on the cumulative basis of fragmented historiography, new archival information, and visual sources; study of the role which his artistic and scientific work played in the cultural and historical discourses of the first third of the 20th century and those of independent Ukraine. The visual sources of the research studied "de visu" (works of art, museum documentation) have been summarized in the topical media archives. The historiography and sources of the article have been systematized, cited, and commented on. The contribution of Kyiv and Kolomyia museum professionals, who consulted the proposed research, has been determined. The main part of the article is presented as the reconstruction of the Galician, military (World War I, the period of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921), and Kyiv periods of Hnat Koltsuniak's life. Some hypotheses about his exile in 1933–1937 have been made. The analysis of the book covers and inscriptions (a type of bookplates) created by Hnat Koltsuniak has been carried out from the point of view of book studies. The article identifies the criteria which make the copies with his publication and inscriptions stored in the librarian fund of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine prospective for inclusion in the State Register of National Cultural Heritage. The contents and fate of the book collection of the Cabinet of Anthropology and Ethnology named after Fedir Vovk, established in honor of the founder of Ukrainian studies and destroyed by repressions, is additionally highlighted. Such research methods and their challenges are defined: lack of archival information, in particular that of the Soviet punitive and repressive organs; insufficient amount of Hnat Koltsuniak's works of art in museum collections. The prospects of this research on the basis of new archival information are determined. ; У статті визначено наукову новизну дослідження біографії репресованого діяча української науки та культури Галичини першої третини ХХ ст. Гната Миколайовича Колцуняка. Зроблено акценти на ті сфери наукового знання та мистецтва, де його діяльність мала фундаментальний характер: народознавчі, етнографічні та мистецтвознавчі студії. Метою дослідження обрано продовження реконструкції долі Г. Колцуняка на основі узагальнення розрізненої історіографії, нової архівної інформації, візуальних джерел, вивчення ролі мистецького та наукового доробку персоналії в культурологічному та історичному дискурсах першої третини ХХ ст. та України незалежної. Опрацьовані de visu візуальні джерела (мистецькі твори, музейна документація) узагальнені в медіа-архів дослідження. Систематизовано, процитовано та прокоментовано історіографію і джерельну базу дослідження. Зазначено про внесок музейників Києва та Коломиї – консультантів дослідження. Основна частина статті подана як реконструкція галицького, воєнного (Перша світова вій­на та доба Української революції 1917–21 рр.) і київського періодів життя Г. Колцуняка, зроблено припущення щодо подій у період його заслання в 1933–37 рр. Проведено книгознавчий аналіз книжкових обкладинок та інскриптів, створених Г. Колцуняком. Визначено критерії, за якими примірники з його публікацією та інскриптами в бібліотечному фонді Національного музею історії України мають перспективу внесення в Державний реєстр національного культурного надбання. Додатково висвітлено зміст і долю книжкової колекції Кабінету антропології та етнології ім. Ф. Вовка, заснованого на честь фундатора українознавства та знищеного репресіями. Подано методи дослідження, визначено його виклики: брак архівної інформації, зокрема радянських карально-репресивних органів, мала збереженість творів Г. Колцуняка в музейних колекціях. Визначено перспективи дослідження на основі нових архівних джерел.

Questa tesi intende offrire un'analisi del pensiero del sociologo afroamericano E. Franklin Frazier (1894-1962) in prospettiva storica. La ricerca si propone di tenere conto principalmente di tre elementi. In primo luogo, del ruolo svolto da Frazier in qualità di sociologo inserito nel dibattito accademico statunitense. In secondo luogo, del suo attivismo politico come intellettuale afroamericano impegnato contro la discriminazione razziale e per la costruzione di un'alleanza di classe interrazziale. Infine, della sua partecipazione al dibattito transnazionale sulla decolonizzazione e del suo legame con i movimenti anticoloniali. Tramite l'analisi di questi tre aspetti, la tesi si propone di esaminare il contributo politico e accademico di Frazier, di evidenziare i confini dei dibattiti a cui egli prese parte, nonché la peculiare posizione ricoperta dalla generazione di black sociologists ― nati alla fine dell'Ottocento e perlopiù deceduti prima della metà degli anni Sessanta ― di cui Frazier faceva parte. ; This research examines African-American sociologist E. Franklin Frazier's thought, in a historical perspective (1894-1962). This thesis focuses on three aspects. Firstly, it takes into account Frazier's role as a sociologist, within the American academic context. Secondly, it analyzes Frazier's political activism, as an African-American intellectual who fought against racial discrimination, and for the construction of an interracial class alliance. Lastly, this research focuses on Frazier's contribution to the transnational debate on decolonization, and on his ties to the anti-colonial movement. By connecting these aspects of Frazier's life, this thesis's purpose is to highlight the boundaries of these three spheres of public debate. The research also examines Frazier's peculiar position, as part of a first generation of black professional sociologists, who were born at the end of the Nineteenth century and died in the mid-1960s.

The main tendencies of the development of biography in Poland at the beginning of the 21st cent. are determined. The research basis is the publication of the scientific journal «Polish Biographical Studies», published in Szczecin since 2015 at the Center for Biographical Studies. The main problems raised by Polish researchers concern the biographies of Polish communists, the military, the multidisciplinary nature of biography, and the division of human science into periods. Articles contained in the publication are divided into groups by topic. Political, intellectual, collective, female and separately Jewish biographies are distinguished. Publications of biographical documents were also noted. It has been found that Polish biographers are most interested in the period of the first two thirds of the twentieth century. In particular, biographies of thinkers of the Second Rzeczpospolita, educators and statesmen. The discourse on fighting in the anti-German and anti-Soviet underground is notable. The participation in church and student organizations, as well as acquaintance with figures like Y. Pilsudski or R. Dmowski are very common in political biographies. Jewish biography is no exception — most of the people mentioned as heroes of the uprising and underground movements in the ghetto, so even though they went to Palestine, they remain «Polish» in biographical discourse. Also in «Polish Biographical Studies», most biographies are also tend to be political and they "supersede" biographies of engineers, athletes or artists. Comparing the Polish biographical publication with the «Ukrainian Biography» in 2013–2017, Ukrainians published almost twice as many theoretical works and biographies of scientists. With less difference, but also more political and collective biographies and the same number of source articles. At the same time, there are more female biographies in Polish edition, as well as biographies of Jews, while none in Ukrainian. This explains that biographies of Polish Jews are perceived by Polish scholars as the property of Polish society, when such an identification is almost non-existent in Ukraine. Keywords: biography, scientists, political figures, Polish humanities, Polish Biographical Studies, Ukrainian biography 21st cent. ; Визначено основні тенденції розвитку біографічних досліджень у Польщі на початку ХХІ ст. За основу взято публікації наукового журналу «Polish Biographical Studies», що виходить у Щецині з 2015 р. при Центрі біографічних досліджень. Серед проблем, які порушують польські науковці, найпомітнішими є біографії комуністичних функціонерів, військових та науковців різних галузей. Окрім того, дослідження стосуються постколоніального наративу в біографічних текстах і гендерних питань. Ключові слова: біографістика, науковці, політичні діячі, польська гуманітаристика, «Polish Biographical Studies», ХХІ ст.