Urban solutions in Vilnius were mostly of a practical rather than aestethical character. After World War II architects of urban design, whose activity used to change substantly historically settled cities, became more active. In Lithuania the conception of heritage developed gradually lagging behind dominating European tendencies; therefore, Vilnius city has been strongly influenced by individual creative works. The most obvious materialized conception of that kind is the idea of "architectural hills". Currently this conception is widely criticized, and at the same time new restraints protecting the old town are set. These restraints often contradict the development of the city, which is inevitable bearing in mind the status of Vilnius city (the capital) and the size of administrated territory. Due to objective reasons political decisions and the activity of energetic private investors have a strong influence on the development of the city. In the chain an investor–administrator–professional there exists uneven proportion of participation thus spoiling the final result. The paper presents the main contradiction between the city development and heritage supporters and ways of solving it.
Urban solutions in Vilnius were mostly of a practical rather than aestethical character. After World War II architects of urban design, whose activity used to change substantly historically settled cities, became more active. In Lithuania the conception of heritage developed gradually lagging behind dominating European tendencies; therefore, Vilnius city has been strongly influenced by individual creative works. The most obvious materialized conception of that kind is the idea of "architectural hills". Currently this conception is widely criticized, and at the same time new restraints protecting the old town are set. These restraints often contradict the development of the city, which is inevitable bearing in mind the status of Vilnius city (the capital) and the size of administrated territory. Due to objective reasons political decisions and the activity of energetic private investors have a strong influence on the development of the city. In the chain an investor–administrator–professional there exists uneven proportion of participation thus spoiling the final result. The paper presents the main contradiction between the city development and heritage supporters and ways of solving it.
It is not a phenomen that cities are shrinking especially in the regions. This process has been observed for a long time in North America, Wester European countries and Lithuania is no exception. Shrinking cities are generally described as phasing out cities. Due to the decreasing populiation, businesses are moving to more densely populated areas, educational institutions are closing down, there is a lack of leisure entertainment, community, and a sense of security. As a result, young families, whose children do not have easy access to education and leisure facilities are forced to move to cities with a higher concentration of populiation. Moreover, young people, whose reduced employment, deteriorating financial situation of the household, may choose to emigrate. Under poor conditions, the city`s economy is slowing down, which leads to stagnation and no progress towards devoloping sustainability. Although there are challenges to sustainability, it cannot be said that a shrinking city can be considered a dead city and certain decisions can be made towards redevelopment. Object of the research. Sustainble development of the shrinking city of Telšiai. Obejective of the research. To study the directions of sustainable development of a shrinking city and to evaluate their development. Main findings and results. Various analysis of scientific literature revealed ambiguous definitions of a shrinking city. The main feature of a shrinking city is the constantly decreasing population. An analysis of literature has shown that there may be a variety of shrinking reasons, which affect city`s demographics, economy, geography and physical conditions. In order to make a city attractive, different directions of development are possible. Sustainability is at the heart of urban development. The aim is to develop cities in an economically, ecologically and socially sustainable way, combining the concept of a smart city and applying the practices of the circular economy. In order to assess a sustainable development of the shrinking city, a real example was chosen the city of Telšiai. The statistical analysis of the city Telšiai shows that the city is shrinking, the population is decreasing every year and a negative increase of the population is observed. Based on the result of the calculated integrated sustainable development index, the city of Telšiai should further improve the ecological and social development. Also, the city government should take into account the needs of the population, their leisure time, the promotion of community spirit, the development of various programs. The expert assessment showed that the specialists believe that the priority of Telšiai city should be the development in improving its material well-being. According to experts, there is a lack of business promotion in Telšiai, which could increase the supply of labor and promote employment in the city. Expert assessment showed that social welfare in the city is poorly developed. Social well-being is is of vital importance, since the community spirit created in the city allows the residents to feel safe, encourages the them to organize community actions or events aimed at beautifying the city, improving the environment. The results of the expert assessment showed that the city of Telšiai develops the well-being of the environment quite well, by increasing the length of bicycle paths and improving children`s playgrounds. According to most experts the pollution prevention, noise level and air quality in the city are mainttaning the required standard of the ecological welfare. Summarizing the results it can be stated that the city of Telšiai should take into account the development of all dimensions. Promoting business would not only promote employment and create additional work opportunities, but would also bring financial benefits to the city. Financial opportunities can improve and develop the environment and social well-being in Telšiai.
It is not a phenomen that cities are shrinking especially in the regions. This process has been observed for a long time in North America, Wester European countries and Lithuania is no exception. Shrinking cities are generally described as phasing out cities. Due to the decreasing populiation, businesses are moving to more densely populated areas, educational institutions are closing down, there is a lack of leisure entertainment, community, and a sense of security. As a result, young families, whose children do not have easy access to education and leisure facilities are forced to move to cities with a higher concentration of populiation. Moreover, young people, whose reduced employment, deteriorating financial situation of the household, may choose to emigrate. Under poor conditions, the city`s economy is slowing down, which leads to stagnation and no progress towards devoloping sustainability. Although there are challenges to sustainability, it cannot be said that a shrinking city can be considered a dead city and certain decisions can be made towards redevelopment. Object of the research. Sustainble development of the shrinking city of Telšiai. Obejective of the research. To study the directions of sustainable development of a shrinking city and to evaluate their development. Main findings and results. Various analysis of scientific literature revealed ambiguous definitions of a shrinking city. The main feature of a shrinking city is the constantly decreasing population. An analysis of literature has shown that there may be a variety of shrinking reasons, which affect city`s demographics, economy, geography and physical conditions. In order to make a city attractive, different directions of development are possible. Sustainability is at the heart of urban development. The aim is to develop cities in an economically, ecologically and socially sustainable way, combining the concept of a smart city and applying the practices of the circular economy. In order to assess a sustainable development of the shrinking city, a real example was chosen the city of Telšiai. The statistical analysis of the city Telšiai shows that the city is shrinking, the population is decreasing every year and a negative increase of the population is observed. Based on the result of the calculated integrated sustainable development index, the city of Telšiai should further improve the ecological and social development. Also, the city government should take into account the needs of the population, their leisure time, the promotion of community spirit, the development of various programs. The expert assessment showed that the specialists believe that the priority of Telšiai city should be the development in improving its material well-being. According to experts, there is a lack of business promotion in Telšiai, which could increase the supply of labor and promote employment in the city. Expert assessment showed that social welfare in the city is poorly developed. Social well-being is is of vital importance, since the community spirit created in the city allows the residents to feel safe, encourages the them to organize community actions or events aimed at beautifying the city, improving the environment. The results of the expert assessment showed that the city of Telšiai develops the well-being of the environment quite well, by increasing the length of bicycle paths and improving children`s playgrounds. According to most experts the pollution prevention, noise level and air quality in the city are mainttaning the required standard of the ecological welfare. Summarizing the results it can be stated that the city of Telšiai should take into account the development of all dimensions. Promoting business would not only promote employment and create additional work opportunities, but would also bring financial benefits to the city. Financial opportunities can improve and develop the environment and social well-being in Telšiai.
It is not a phenomen that cities are shrinking especially in the regions. This process has been observed for a long time in North America, Wester European countries and Lithuania is no exception. Shrinking cities are generally described as phasing out cities. Due to the decreasing populiation, businesses are moving to more densely populated areas, educational institutions are closing down, there is a lack of leisure entertainment, community, and a sense of security. As a result, young families, whose children do not have easy access to education and leisure facilities are forced to move to cities with a higher concentration of populiation. Moreover, young people, whose reduced employment, deteriorating financial situation of the household, may choose to emigrate. Under poor conditions, the city`s economy is slowing down, which leads to stagnation and no progress towards devoloping sustainability. Although there are challenges to sustainability, it cannot be said that a shrinking city can be considered a dead city and certain decisions can be made towards redevelopment. Object of the research. Sustainble development of the shrinking city of Telšiai. Obejective of the research. To study the directions of sustainable development of a shrinking city and to evaluate their development. Main findings and results. Various analysis of scientific literature revealed ambiguous definitions of a shrinking city. The main feature of a shrinking city is the constantly decreasing population. An analysis of literature has shown that there may be a variety of shrinking reasons, which affect city`s demographics, economy, geography and physical conditions. In order to make a city attractive, different directions of development are possible. Sustainability is at the heart of urban development. The aim is to develop cities in an economically, ecologically and socially sustainable way, combining the concept of a smart city and applying the practices of the circular economy. In order to assess a sustainable development of the shrinking city, a real example was chosen the city of Telšiai. The statistical analysis of the city Telšiai shows that the city is shrinking, the population is decreasing every year and a negative increase of the population is observed. Based on the result of the calculated integrated sustainable development index, the city of Telšiai should further improve the ecological and social development. Also, the city government should take into account the needs of the population, their leisure time, the promotion of community spirit, the development of various programs. The expert assessment showed that the specialists believe that the priority of Telšiai city should be the development in improving its material well-being. According to experts, there is a lack of business promotion in Telšiai, which could increase the supply of labor and promote employment in the city. Expert assessment showed that social welfare in the city is poorly developed. Social well-being is is of vital importance, since the community spirit created in the city allows the residents to feel safe, encourages the them to organize community actions or events aimed at beautifying the city, improving the environment. The results of the expert assessment showed that the city of Telšiai develops the well-being of the environment quite well, by increasing the length of bicycle paths and improving children`s playgrounds. According to most experts the pollution prevention, noise level and air quality in the city are mainttaning the required standard of the ecological welfare. Summarizing the results it can be stated that the city of Telšiai should take into account the development of all dimensions. Promoting business would not only promote employment and create additional work opportunities, but would also bring financial benefits to the city. Financial opportunities can improve and develop the environment and social well-being in Telšiai.
It is not a phenomen that cities are shrinking especially in the regions. This process has been observed for a long time in North America, Wester European countries and Lithuania is no exception. Shrinking cities are generally described as phasing out cities. Due to the decreasing populiation, businesses are moving to more densely populated areas, educational institutions are closing down, there is a lack of leisure entertainment, community, and a sense of security. As a result, young families, whose children do not have easy access to education and leisure facilities are forced to move to cities with a higher concentration of populiation. Moreover, young people, whose reduced employment, deteriorating financial situation of the household, may choose to emigrate. Under poor conditions, the city`s economy is slowing down, which leads to stagnation and no progress towards devoloping sustainability. Although there are challenges to sustainability, it cannot be said that a shrinking city can be considered a dead city and certain decisions can be made towards redevelopment. Object of the research. Sustainble development of the shrinking city of Telšiai. Obejective of the research. To study the directions of sustainable development of a shrinking city and to evaluate their development. Main findings and results. Various analysis of scientific literature revealed ambiguous definitions of a shrinking city. The main feature of a shrinking city is the constantly decreasing population. An analysis of literature has shown that there may be a variety of shrinking reasons, which affect city`s demographics, economy, geography and physical conditions. In order to make a city attractive, different directions of development are possible. Sustainability is at the heart of urban development. The aim is to develop cities in an economically, ecologically and socially sustainable way, combining the concept of a smart city and applying the practices of the circular economy. In order to assess a sustainable development of the shrinking city, a real example was chosen the city of Telšiai. The statistical analysis of the city Telšiai shows that the city is shrinking, the population is decreasing every year and a negative increase of the population is observed. Based on the result of the calculated integrated sustainable development index, the city of Telšiai should further improve the ecological and social development. Also, the city government should take into account the needs of the population, their leisure time, the promotion of community spirit, the development of various programs. The expert assessment showed that the specialists believe that the priority of Telšiai city should be the development in improving its material well-being. According to experts, there is a lack of business promotion in Telšiai, which could increase the supply of labor and promote employment in the city. Expert assessment showed that social welfare in the city is poorly developed. Social well-being is is of vital importance, since the community spirit created in the city allows the residents to feel safe, encourages the them to organize community actions or events aimed at beautifying the city, improving the environment. The results of the expert assessment showed that the city of Telšiai develops the well-being of the environment quite well, by increasing the length of bicycle paths and improving children`s playgrounds. According to most experts the pollution prevention, noise level and air quality in the city are mainttaning the required standard of the ecological welfare. Summarizing the results it can be stated that the city of Telšiai should take into account the development of all dimensions. Promoting business would not only promote employment and create additional work opportunities, but would also bring financial benefits to the city. Financial opportunities can improve and develop the environment and social well-being in Telšiai.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Small and medium enterprises are very important for all country economics. The intention of this job is appreciate small and medium enterprises the vista of developmental in Kaunas region. The subjects of research are system nonfictions and statistical information analysis and synthesis. The analyses show that business situation is really bad. High taxes, politics variability, the corruptions in local authorities, are small investment in business block developmental of the small and medium enterprises. Good Kaunas region' geographical environment state, free economic zone and air port compose good conditions build for business but we see that people don't want deal in business. Foreign investments choose Vilnius city and region. Hortative small and medium enterprises local authority must to finance enterprises owners and directors educations how to analyze the work of enterprise, designates developmental tendencies, theirs reasons and appreciate possible results, the finance condition of enterprises, the risk of bankrupt, formulate strategically and long – range plans besides need reduce the taxes for small and medium enterprises and make good condition for business developmental in Kaunas region. The work is three pieces. The first piece is about business and his conceptions. The second piece is about difficulty of developmental, supports and actuality evaluation in Kaunas region. The third piece is analysis of small and medium enterprise developmental in Kaunas region. The work sizes are 51 pages, there are 28 pictures and 2 cleats.
Small and medium enterprises are very important for all country economics. The intention of this job is appreciate small and medium enterprises the vista of developmental in Kaunas region. The subjects of research are system nonfictions and statistical information analysis and synthesis. The analyses show that business situation is really bad. High taxes, politics variability, the corruptions in local authorities, are small investment in business block developmental of the small and medium enterprises. Good Kaunas region' geographical environment state, free economic zone and air port compose good conditions build for business but we see that people don't want deal in business. Foreign investments choose Vilnius city and region. Hortative small and medium enterprises local authority must to finance enterprises owners and directors educations how to analyze the work of enterprise, designates developmental tendencies, theirs reasons and appreciate possible results, the finance condition of enterprises, the risk of bankrupt, formulate strategically and long – range plans besides need reduce the taxes for small and medium enterprises and make good condition for business developmental in Kaunas region. The work is three pieces. The first piece is about business and his conceptions. The second piece is about difficulty of developmental, supports and actuality evaluation in Kaunas region. The third piece is analysis of small and medium enterprise developmental in Kaunas region. The work sizes are 51 pages, there are 28 pictures and 2 cleats.
Nowadays in Cultural policy field of European Union countries the ECoC Project is a reliable instrument for city social and economic development. The city identity and image can be changed through cultural and creative ECoC practices. Certain common attributes of city can be repositioned in order to strengthen the link between city and citizens, to cultivate community spirit and to attract more tourists. In that way accumulated symbolic capital and added value are really important factors for raising city competitiveness. Accordingly, the object of thesis – European city as original city branding practices which are applicated in ECoC initiative context and used for image of place reformation, including contributors which determines successful communication of appropriate city attributes. The primary objective of thesis – to analyze European city as original city branding practices which are applicated in ECoC initiative context and used for image of place reformation, including contributors which determines successful communication of appropriate city attributes. In order to achieve this goal, 5 objectives are formulated and explicated into 5 chapters' structure. In the first chapter the city branding conceptual frames are presented and analysed. The second – social and economic genesis of the ECoC Project and its meaning for city identity discourse. The third – an overview of the ECoC Project effective organization contributors and evaluation of communication role. The fourth – analysis of Glasgow, Liverpool, Ruhr and Vilnius cities as special cases in organizing and communicating the ECoC Project. The fifth – the quantitative analysis and evaluation of Kaunas city opportunites as a potential ECoC candidate. In thesis are mainly used a descriptive – analytical, deductive and inductive research methods. Additionally, generalized analysis of scientific literature from Lithuania and abroad, certain legislative and strategic documents, applications and reports were applied. Also, a qualitative inquiry (semi-structured interview) and quantitative survey (questionaire) were carried out. In a first case 2 out of 4 expected experts were successfully interviewed. Both of them accentuate community spirit importance for The ECoC Project organization. In a second case 85 respondents (Kaunas city inhabitants and visitors) were questioned. Majority of them approve Kaunas city opportunities to become the ECoC. Respondents also believe in successful implementation of the ECoC Project and its positive impact on city image.
