Suchergebnisse

Climate of the Earth is getting wormer. This fact of climate change may result in big or even catastrophic effects on many counties economics, society, nature and quality of the environment. These changes may effect everyone so that why everybody have to solve this problem. Households of European Union are using one third of all energy so each household is responsible for approximately 20 % of CO2 emission. 70% of energy is used to heat the house, 14% - to heat the water and 12% - is used for electricity device and lighting. Personal car usage also causes 10 % of emissions. The object of this job is Lithuanian households. In order to investigate CO2 emissions in Lithuanian households these problems will be analyzed: Climate change policy and its realization implements; Valuation of green house gas emission potential in households; Methods of decreasing green house gas emission in households; Supervision of house holds and CO2 emission factors that is used to value one Lithuanian dweller emission quantity that might be decreased; Emission quantity valuation of all Lithuanian households and compare them to other sectors. In this paper work was analyzed policy which is imposed to decrease green house gas emissions and factors that have impact on choosing policy. There were established interaction between the policy of the state and concerned groups. In analytical part of the work was made an analyze of green house gas emissions structure and it changes in Lithuania. Also there was valuated magnitude of green house gas emissions and its dynamic in Lithuanian sectors. Discussed factors, that made an impact on CO2 emission change from 1990 year to 2007 year. Also there was made analysis of climate change mitigation implements. In this paper work was assessed green house gas emissions reduction potential due to more effective energy consumption implement integration in households and overviewed educational tools which can help to save the energy. In order to value climate change mitigation opportunities in Lithuanian households there was made research methodology which helped to make a research. It was made by observation method. In this research there was registered one man energy consumption and calculated CO2 gas quantity. After that saved carbon dioxide quantity was calculated it was 5,65 Mt for all Lithuanian households. The result was compared to other Lithuanian sectors and also with the quantity of emission which might appear when the Ignalina nuclear electricity will be closed. This job consists of three parts, findings and summary. Size of this paper work is 73 pages 12 tables and 15 pictures.

Climate of the Earth is getting wormer. This fact of climate change may result in big or even catastrophic effects on many counties economics, society, nature and quality of the environment. These changes may effect everyone so that why everybody have to solve this problem. Households of European Union are using one third of all energy so each household is responsible for approximately 20 % of CO2 emission. 70% of energy is used to heat the house, 14% - to heat the water and 12% - is used for electricity device and lighting. Personal car usage also causes 10 % of emissions. The object of this job is Lithuanian households. In order to investigate CO2 emissions in Lithuanian households these problems will be analyzed: Climate change policy and its realization implements; Valuation of green house gas emission potential in households; Methods of decreasing green house gas emission in households; Supervision of house holds and CO2 emission factors that is used to value one Lithuanian dweller emission quantity that might be decreased; Emission quantity valuation of all Lithuanian households and compare them to other sectors. In this paper work was analyzed policy which is imposed to decrease green house gas emissions and factors that have impact on choosing policy. There were established interaction between the policy of the state and concerned groups. In analytical part of the work was made an analyze of green house gas emissions structure and it changes in Lithuania. Also there was valuated magnitude of green house gas emissions and its dynamic in Lithuanian sectors. Discussed factors, that made an impact on CO2 emission change from 1990 year to 2007 year. Also there was made analysis of climate change mitigation implements. In this paper work was assessed green house gas emissions reduction potential due to more effective energy consumption implement integration in households and overviewed educational tools which can help to save the energy. In order to value climate change mitigation opportunities in Lithuanian households there was made research methodology which helped to make a research. It was made by observation method. In this research there was registered one man energy consumption and calculated CO2 gas quantity. After that saved carbon dioxide quantity was calculated it was 5,65 Mt for all Lithuanian households. The result was compared to other Lithuanian sectors and also with the quantity of emission which might appear when the Ignalina nuclear electricity will be closed. This job consists of three parts, findings and summary. Size of this paper work is 73 pages 12 tables and 15 pictures.

Climate change is considered as one of the most important problems in the whole world, EU and separate countries. The challenges of climate change can be overcome in two ways – decreasing the demand and increasing the part of the energy that is created by new and renewable energy recourses. According to the previous researches, there is a great energy saving potential in the households. This means that more efficient energy consumption would lead to better implementation of climate change requirements as well as smaller households' energy bills and thus improvement of daily life of every person. The object of the paper – Climate change mitigation measures in households. The purpose of the paper – To assess climate change mitigation measures in Lithuanian households. Objectives of the paper: To give the overview of implementation of climate change mitigation policies in the international aspect. To determine the influence of households in implementing climate change mitigation policy. To provide the comparative analysis of GHG emissions and energy consumption in Lithuanian households. To analyze the measures for mitigating GHG emissions in Lithuania and to compare it with other measures used in different countries. To estimate the possibilities of mitigating GHG emissions in Lithuanian households while changing their behavior and saving more energy. After conducting the analysis of energy consumption, GHG emissions pattern and climate mitigation policy in Lithuania, it was shown that Lithuanian households consume relatively big part of energy as well as emits GHG. According to the results of the empirical research, the saving potential in Lithuanian households is 16,6% (which is equal to 1.95MtCO2/year). In comparison to saving potential and measures used for encouraging households to save in other countries, climate change mitigation policies used for Lithuanian households are not sufficient for exploiting all GHG mitigation potential. The work consists of an introduction, 3 parts, conclusions and recommendations. The main working materials described on 80 pages, including 31 tables, 21 illustrations.

Climate change is considered as one of the most important problems in the whole world, EU and separate countries. The challenges of climate change can be overcome in two ways – decreasing the demand and increasing the part of the energy that is created by new and renewable energy recourses. According to the previous researches, there is a great energy saving potential in the households. This means that more efficient energy consumption would lead to better implementation of climate change requirements as well as smaller households' energy bills and thus improvement of daily life of every person. The object of the paper – Climate change mitigation measures in households. The purpose of the paper – To assess climate change mitigation measures in Lithuanian households. Objectives of the paper: To give the overview of implementation of climate change mitigation policies in the international aspect. To determine the influence of households in implementing climate change mitigation policy. To provide the comparative analysis of GHG emissions and energy consumption in Lithuanian households. To analyze the measures for mitigating GHG emissions in Lithuania and to compare it with other measures used in different countries. To estimate the possibilities of mitigating GHG emissions in Lithuanian households while changing their behavior and saving more energy. After conducting the analysis of energy consumption, GHG emissions pattern and climate mitigation policy in Lithuania, it was shown that Lithuanian households consume relatively big part of energy as well as emits GHG. According to the results of the empirical research, the saving potential in Lithuanian households is 16,6% (which is equal to 1.95MtCO2/year). In comparison to saving potential and measures used for encouraging households to save in other countries, climate change mitigation policies used for Lithuanian households are not sufficient for exploiting all GHG mitigation potential. The work consists of an introduction, 3 parts, conclusions and recommendations. The main working materials described on 80 pages, including 31 tables, 21 illustrations.

Implementation of climate change mitigation measures are global priority, European Union and national problems. It is very important, that implementation of climate change mitigation measures politic don't consistent with long-term sustainable energy development. The aim of work: evaluating implementation of climate change mitigation measures in the energy sector of Lithuania. The problem is, that climate impact is different in various regions, therefore need to consider implementation of climate change mitigation measures importance in Lithuania. The object of the work: climate change mitigation measures. The tasks were: to analyze problems, caused for climate change; to formulate theoretical implementation of climate change mitigation measures principles and to group climate change mitigation measures; to analyze basic sustainable energy development indicators; to do climate change mitigation measures analyze in Lithuania energy sector; to do climate change mitigation measures evaluation model; to do evaluation of climate change mitigation measures combination under the impact of sustainable energy development, based on the mathematical "MESSAGE" model.

Implementation of climate change mitigation measures are global priority, European Union and national problems. It is very important, that implementation of climate change mitigation measures politic don't consistent with long-term sustainable energy development. The aim of work: evaluating implementation of climate change mitigation measures in the energy sector of Lithuania. The problem is, that climate impact is different in various regions, therefore need to consider implementation of climate change mitigation measures importance in Lithuania. The object of the work: climate change mitigation measures. The tasks were: to analyze problems, caused for climate change; to formulate theoretical implementation of climate change mitigation measures principles and to group climate change mitigation measures; to analyze basic sustainable energy development indicators; to do climate change mitigation measures analyze in Lithuania energy sector; to do climate change mitigation measures evaluation model; to do evaluation of climate change mitigation measures combination under the impact of sustainable energy development, based on the mathematical "MESSAGE" model.

There is a discussion of global Post Kyoto climate change problem and elements of its protection. There is an analysis of world suggestions for Post Kyoto climate change. There is analysis of Post Kyoto climate change mitigation regimes for Lithuania. There is performed SWOT analysis of climate change politics in different economics sectors. Dinamics of greenhouse gases in different sectors is provided. According to structural model of the work it was investigated that climate change investigation methods till 2020 will minimize the emissions of GHGs 20% or 30% comparing with 1990 will double the prices of electricity and the growth of GDP will be less 2%- 3%. These things affirm the hypothesis of the work. The best means for climate change mitigation should be applied in the sector of energy: the saving of Energy, the use of recommense reserves in technology; the inovation and modernisation of technologies. The use of recommense reserves for the producing of energy would have positive influence for the economy of Lithuania despite the fact of growing prices of eletricity.

There is a discussion of global Post Kyoto climate change problem and elements of its protection. There is an analysis of world suggestions for Post Kyoto climate change. There is analysis of Post Kyoto climate change mitigation regimes for Lithuania. There is performed SWOT analysis of climate change politics in different economics sectors. Dinamics of greenhouse gases in different sectors is provided. According to structural model of the work it was investigated that climate change investigation methods till 2020 will minimize the emissions of GHGs 20% or 30% comparing with 1990 will double the prices of electricity and the growth of GDP will be less 2%- 3%. These things affirm the hypothesis of the work. The best means for climate change mitigation should be applied in the sector of energy: the saving of Energy, the use of recommense reserves in technology; the inovation and modernisation of technologies. The use of recommense reserves for the producing of energy would have positive influence for the economy of Lithuania despite the fact of growing prices of eletricity.

Cities are complex and rapidly changing their social, economic and technological systems, with inevitable impacts on the environment and climate change. The main problems are – air pollution, traffic jams on the streets, damaging noise, poor quality built environment, derelict land, increasing quantities of waste. The purpose of this work is – a complex analysis of the most important urban development impact on climate change, regulatory measures and their implementation in the context of sustainable development. The objective of this work – study the urban sprawl's impact on the climate and it's regulation. Conclusive part of master's lecturing work is made out of 4 sections. The first section discusses the meaning of urban sprawl and impact on climate. The second – value of the cities and its problems. In the third section it's overviewed the environmental controlling measures used in European Union, reducing the urbanization impact on climate and regulatory solutions in Lithuania. In this section it is also defined a vision of sustainable and compact city. In order to reach the objective of this work, scientific literatures, relevant laws and regulation sources analysis, a survey of public opinion and statistical data analysis were used. Scientific literature analysis and empirical study confirmed hypothesis that: 1) the integral and complex environmental principles installation in public administration at all levels, and 2) social and educational programs which help to educate citizens ecological culture are one of the most important urban sprawl's impact on climate change regulatory measures. In the end of the work conclusions and recommendations are provided.

Cities are complex and rapidly changing their social, economic and technological systems, with inevitable impacts on the environment and climate change. The main problems are – air pollution, traffic jams on the streets, damaging noise, poor quality built environment, derelict land, increasing quantities of waste. The purpose of this work is – a complex analysis of the most important urban development impact on climate change, regulatory measures and their implementation in the context of sustainable development. The objective of this work – study the urban sprawl's impact on the climate and it's regulation. Conclusive part of master's lecturing work is made out of 4 sections. The first section discusses the meaning of urban sprawl and impact on climate. The second – value of the cities and its problems. In the third section it's overviewed the environmental controlling measures used in European Union, reducing the urbanization impact on climate and regulatory solutions in Lithuania. In this section it is also defined a vision of sustainable and compact city. In order to reach the objective of this work, scientific literatures, relevant laws and regulation sources analysis, a survey of public opinion and statistical data analysis were used. Scientific literature analysis and empirical study confirmed hypothesis that: 1) the integral and complex environmental principles installation in public administration at all levels, and 2) social and educational programs which help to educate citizens ecological culture are one of the most important urban sprawl's impact on climate change regulatory measures. In the end of the work conclusions and recommendations are provided.

Setting ambitious environmental targets has been a hallmark of European Union (EU) policy for decades. The European Commission's strategy "A European Green Deal" aims to make the EU a climate-neutral continent by 2050. It also seeks to decouple the EU's economic growth from the use of energy resources and restructure the economy so that net greenhouse gas emissions are zero. To achieve this vision and maintain the competitiveness of the EU industry, improving energy efficiency must become a priority for industrial policy in every EU State. To make this vision a reality, the EU plans to invest in environmentally friendly technologies, support innovative industry, reduce the energy sector's dependence on fossil fuels and improve energy efficiency, among other measures. In the context of the complex interrelationship between energy efficiency, environmental protection and industrial competitiveness, the question arises whether the competitiveness of energy-intensive industries in European countries can be reasonably assessed and compared. Therefore, the research aims to develop a conceptual model for the assessment of industrial competitiveness, including energy efficiency and climate change mitigation components, to develop an energy efficiency index for the assessment of industrial competitiveness based on this model and to apply it empirically to energy-intensive industries. The empirical study carried out in this dissertation investigated the competitiveness of energy-intensive industries in 19 European countries, divided the countries studied into groups and identified the factors determining the competitiveness of the industries.

By using three theoretical approaches, this thesis analyzes Japan's climate change policy. With the aim to reveal both the details and main tendencies of this complicated field, the object of the research is divided into three fields and each of them is analyzed by using separate theory. It is correspondingly: climate change phenomena, which is analyzed by using risk society theory focusing on Japan's case; domestic and international interest groups, that are studied by two-level game theory concentrating on Japans' participation in COP15 to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change; state institutions, looking at Japan ministries' and high-ranking officials' perception of climate change using soft power theory as theoretical basis. The time frame of the work is from year 1992 to 2011. The main methods used are content and comparative analysis. The analysis of the first field shows that Japan can be considered as one of late modernity states distinguished by risk society and reflectivity on its development. It is one of the main reasons why such phenomena as climate change becomes important and included into country's political discourse. After analyzing public rhetorics, Japan's position corresponds to eight criteria used in the work, ranging from global warming presentation as a global risk that will have negative consequences to aspirations to change current lifestyle by implementing domestic programs and participating in creation of international institutions. The analysis of the the second field shows that several big interest groups have been participating in the recent (year 2009-2011) Japan's climate change politics. Their influence is combined, domestic groups being the main players. Based on COP15 analysis, the biggest influence on Japan's position was Democratic party which won the election at the end of summer 2009. It was seeking to get support of the society and to promote the use of country's technological potential in international markets. By fulfilling their plans, the democrats did not meet strong opposing powers at home, because they had support from the citizens, did not have close relationship with business lobby, and were following previously approved strategic documents. In international area Japan was not bound by agreements and had support from influential international actors. Finally, the analysis of the third field revealed that climate change policy is presented by Japan's institution as: 1) a tool to display country's uniqueness in technological development, international leadership and active cooperation with other states; 2) a way to show that Japan is and will be active in participating in international climate change initiatives; 3) an opportunity to declare that the country is seeking to protect universally accepted values. It shows that participation in climate change politics is understood by Japan as important tool to strengthen its soft power.

By using three theoretical approaches, this thesis analyzes Japan's climate change policy. With the aim to reveal both the details and main tendencies of this complicated field, the object of the research is divided into three fields and each of them is analyzed by using separate theory. It is correspondingly: climate change phenomena, which is analyzed by using risk society theory focusing on Japan's case; domestic and international interest groups, that are studied by two-level game theory concentrating on Japans' participation in COP15 to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change; state institutions, looking at Japan ministries' and high-ranking officials' perception of climate change using soft power theory as theoretical basis. The time frame of the work is from year 1992 to 2011. The main methods used are content and comparative analysis. The analysis of the first field shows that Japan can be considered as one of late modernity states distinguished by risk society and reflectivity on its development. It is one of the main reasons why such phenomena as climate change becomes important and included into country's political discourse. After analyzing public rhetorics, Japan's position corresponds to eight criteria used in the work, ranging from global warming presentation as a global risk that will have negative consequences to aspirations to change current lifestyle by implementing domestic programs and participating in creation of international institutions. The analysis of the the second field shows that several big interest groups have been participating in the recent (year 2009-2011) Japan's climate change politics. Their influence is combined, domestic groups being the main players. Based on COP15 analysis, the biggest influence on Japan's position was Democratic party which won the election at the end of summer 2009. It was seeking to get support of the society and to promote the use of country's technological potential in international markets. By fulfilling their plans, the democrats did not meet strong opposing powers at home, because they had support from the citizens, did not have close relationship with business lobby, and were following previously approved strategic documents. In international area Japan was not bound by agreements and had support from influential international actors. Finally, the analysis of the third field revealed that climate change policy is presented by Japan's institution as: 1) a tool to display country's uniqueness in technological development, international leadership and active cooperation with other states; 2) a way to show that Japan is and will be active in participating in international climate change initiatives; 3) an opportunity to declare that the country is seeking to protect universally accepted values. It shows that participation in climate change politics is understood by Japan as important tool to strengthen its soft power.

By using three theoretical approaches, this thesis analyzes Japan's climate change policy. With the aim to reveal both the details and main tendencies of this complicated field, the object of the research is divided into three fields and each of them is analyzed by using separate theory. It is correspondingly: climate change phenomena, which is analyzed by using risk society theory focusing on Japan's case; domestic and international interest groups, that are studied by two-level game theory concentrating on Japans' participation in COP15 to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change; state institutions, looking at Japan ministries' and high-ranking officials' perception of climate change using soft power theory as theoretical basis. The time frame of the work is from year 1992 to 2011. The main methods used are content and comparative analysis. The analysis of the first field shows that Japan can be considered as one of late modernity states distinguished by risk society and reflectivity on its development. It is one of the main reasons why such phenomena as climate change becomes important and included into country's political discourse. After analyzing public rhetorics, Japan's position corresponds to eight criteria used in the work, ranging from global warming presentation as a global risk that will have negative consequences to aspirations to change current lifestyle by implementing domestic programs and participating in creation of international institutions. The analysis of the the second field shows that several big interest groups have been participating in the recent (year 2009-2011) Japan's climate change politics. Their influence is combined, domestic groups being the main players. Based on COP15 analysis, the biggest influence on Japan's position was Democratic party which won the election at the end of summer 2009. It was seeking to get support of the society and to promote the use of country's technological potential in international markets. By fulfilling their plans, the democrats did not meet strong opposing powers at home, because they had support from the citizens, did not have close relationship with business lobby, and were following previously approved strategic documents. In international area Japan was not bound by agreements and had support from influential international actors. Finally, the analysis of the third field revealed that climate change policy is presented by Japan's institution as: 1) a tool to display country's uniqueness in technological development, international leadership and active cooperation with other states; 2) a way to show that Japan is and will be active in participating in international climate change initiatives; 3) an opportunity to declare that the country is seeking to protect universally accepted values. It shows that participation in climate change politics is understood by Japan as important tool to strengthen its soft power.

This master's thesis analyses the international, European Union and national legal regulations of the climate change. The aim of this work is to find out the practical aspects of legal regulation of climate change in the Lithuanian waste management sector by implementing waste incineration projects. This is done by reviewing legal instruments addressing the climate change, explaining the content of legislation and by analysing and comparing documents. The aim of the study is to reveal the legal regulation and practical aspects of the climate change in the Lithuanian waste management sector. The results of the study revealed that in order to solve the problems of the climate change countries must act unanimously, actively fulfill their commitments, because long negotiations and later untimely goals do not stop climate change and pose a threat to the whole world. In an effort to accomplish its GHG reduction plans, Lithuania has a strategy to have 3 waste incineration plants. However, the environmental impact and the potential increase in GHG emissions from energy recovery from waste was not fully assessed when this measure was included. On the contrary, waste incineration reduces the incentives for using more sustainable, climate-friendly waste management.