Suchergebnisse

Zajednička organizacija tržišta vina u okviru Europske unije datira iz 1962. godine i od tada se neprestano razvija sve do današnjih dana. Ona je jedna je od najvećih i najsloženijih organizacija tržišta u zajedničkoj poljoprivrednoj politici Europske unije. Zajednička organizacija tržišta vina ima globalnu dimenziju u odnosu na proizvodnju, potrošnju i prodaju vina. Prva velika reforma zajedničke organizacije tržišta vina provedena je 1999. godine s ciljem pojednostavljenja nagomilane legislative. Navedena reforma postigla je određene rezultate, međutim kretanja na tržištu i sve veća konkurencija vina iz zemalja tzv. Novog svijeta dovela su do potrebe za reformom koja bi riješila nagomilane probleme u samom sektoru. Razlozi reforme leže u neravnoteži ponude i potražnje, neprestanom smanjenju potrošnje vina, povećanju zaliha vina, smanjenju cijena, porastu uvoza u odnosu na neznatan porast izvoza, složenosti zakonodavnog okvira i potrebi za njegovim pojednostavljenjem. Cilj ovog rada je istražiti zakonodavni okvir Zajedničke organizacije tržišta vina Europske unije te razloge i ciljeve reforme unutar sektora vina. U ovom radu korištena je kvalitativna strategija istraživanja u skupljanju i analizi podataka. Navedena strategija ima induktivni pristup u odnosima između teorije i istraživanja. Zaključci su proizašli iz usporedbe relevantne literature koja se odnosi na Zajedničku organizaciju tržišta vina Europske unije kao i pretpostavke koje su proizašle iz istraživanja i stručnog znanja u odnosu na područje istraživanja. ; Common market Organization of wine within the frame of the European Union dates from 1962, and since then it has been developing continually to these days. It is one of the biggest and most complicated market organizations in a common agricultural politics of the European Union. Common Market Organization for wine has a global dimension in relation to the production, consumption, and retailing of wine. The first big reform of the Common Market Organization for wine was carried out in 1999 with the goal of simplifying the amassed legislative. The mentioned reform has achieved certain results but, movements in the market and the increasing competition of wines from the countries of the so called New World have led to the need of a reform which would solve the amassed problems in the sector itself. The reasons for the reform are in the imbalance of the demand and offer, constant decreasing in wine consumption, overstocks in wine, lowering the prices, increase in the import in comparison to the insignificant growth in the export, complexity of the legislative framework and the need for its simplification. The goal of this work is to research the legislative framework of the Common Market Organization for wine in the EU, and reasons and goals of the reform within the wine sector. Qualitative strategy of research in collecting and analyzing the data was used in this paper. The mentioned strategy has an inductive approach in relations between the theory and research. The conclusions have been derived from the comparison of the relevant professional literature which applies to the Common Market Organization for wine in the European Union, as well as the assumptions which came out from the research and professional knowledge in relation to the area of research.

JEL Classification System: M16 – International Business Administration M31 - Marketing ; The main propose of this dissertation is to analyze the attractiveness of the Colombian market for Portuguese wine producers/exporters as well as the main challenges they face when entering in a different market where the consumption of wine is low. This study confronts two different cultures and histories in order to create a link between them with the purpose of performing their business relationship. On one side we have Portugal, a country with a close relationship with the wine industry and history, which is recognized for the production of unique wines (just produced in Portugal land), such as Porto wine and Green wine or Vinho Verde. It is one of the most important wine producer countries in the world. However, today the consumption of wine in Portugal is decreasing considerably, and experts suggest that the best alternative for Portuguese wine producers is to export their products and explore new markets. On the other side we have Colombia, a country that, time ago, was recognized for its problems with violence and drug trafficking. However, today Colombia is recognized for its Nobel Prize for Literature, Gabriel Garcia Marques; its excellent football players, James Rodriguez, Jackson Martinez and Radamel Falcao; its beautiful and talented women, Shakira and Sofia Vergara; its excellent coffee (considered the best coffee in the world); and also its multiple opportunities for investment. Without any doubt, Colombia is becoming an attractive market to invest in, because its political and economical situation is stable. It is considered the door of Latin American market and one of the most stable markets there. Since recently the Colombian market has become an attractive market for traders and exporters of wine from around the world due to some years ago the wine industry in Colombia is growing stronger and consumption of wine is increasing. Consequently, the Colombian market has become a market opportunity for producers and exporters of Portuguese wines that want to expand their business in Colombia. The Methodology of data collection used in this study is through in-depth interviews to wine producers in Portugal, wine traders in Colombia and different agencies involved in wine industry as well as agencies involved in the bilateral trade relationship between Portugal and Colombia. Subsequently, the interviews were confronted to the propositions developed according to the literature review. ; O principal objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a atratividade do mercado Colombiano para os produtores portugueses de vinho e quais são os principais desafios que eles afrontam na hora de entrar num diferente mercado onde o consumo do vinho é relativamente baixo. Este estudo confronta duas culturas e histórias diferentes, a fim de criar uma ligação entre eles com o objetivo de melhorar sua relação comercial. De um lado temos Portugal, um país com uma relação estreita com a indústria do vinho e da história, que é reconhecida pela produção de vinhos exclusivos (apenas produzidos em Portugal), como o vinho do Porto e Vinho Verde. É um dos países produtores de vinhos mais importantes no mundo. No entanto, hoje o consumo de vinho em Portugal está a diminuir consideravelmente. Os especialistas sugerem que a melhor alternativa para os produtores de vinho portugueses é exportar seus produtos e explorar novos mercados. Por outro lado, temos a Colômbia, um país que, outrora, foi conhecida por seus problemas com a violência e o tráfico de drogas. No entanto, hoje, a Colômbia é reconhecida por seu Prêmio Nobel de Literatura, Gabriel Garcia Marques; seus excelentes jogadores de futebol, como James Rodriguez, Jackson Martinez e Radamel Falcao; suas belas e talentosas mulheres, Shakira e Sofia Vergara; seu excelente café (considerado um dos melhores do mundo); e também suas múltiplas oportunidades de investimento. Sem dúvida alguma, a Colômbia está a tornar-se num mercado atraente para investir, devido à sua situação política e econômica se encontrar cada vez mais estável. Neste momento a Colômbia é considerada a porta de entrada da América Latina. No que à industria do vinho na Colômbia, concerne, verificamos um grande aumento no consumo, de à uns anos para cá. O mercado Colombiano está a tornar-se num mercado de investimento para os comerciantes de vinho e exportadores em todo o mundo e, consequentemente, um mercado oportunista para produtores e exportadores de vinhos portugueses, que querem expandir seus negócios para este país. A metodologia de coleta de dados baseou-se na elaboração de entrevistas em profundidade a produtores portugueses e comerciantes da Colômbia, bem como a diferentes agências envolvidas na indústria do vinho e na relação comercial bilateral entre Portugal e Colômbia. Posteriormente, o resultado das mesmas foram cruzados com as proposições desenvolvidas neste estudo, a fim de verificar a aceitação das mesmas.

The goal of this master thesis is to give an overview of the conditions and opportunities of the market for German wines in Singapore. It will show what surrounding conditions, specific regulations, current market situations and future market opportunities there are. First, the basic structures of Singapore will be shown, from an economic, political and cultural point of view. Afterwards, a closer look at the Singaporean food and beverage market will be taken. This will show not only the regulations for food and beverages at the Singaporean market, but also some specific regulations for the market of alcoholic beverages. Subsequently the specifics about this market of alcoholic beverages will be pointed out. The situation of the wine market is then the next and major part of this market analysis. It will be analyzed in depth to find out the framework of conditions for German wine in this market. Singapore is a very interesting and growing wine market and functioning as a business hub in Southeast Asia. It offers great opportunities for German wine in the future and therefore, finally, the German wine on the Singaporean market will be analyzed and described. A market research about the presence of German wine in Singaporean wine selling businesses was conducted and gives an overview of the German wine presence on the market. ; O objetivo desta tese de mestrado é dar uma visão geral das condições e oportunidades do mercado de vinhos alemães em Singapura. Ela mostrará as condições gerais, os regulamentos específicos, as situações atuais do mercado e as oportunidades futuras do mercado. Primeiro, as estruturas básicas de Singapura serão mostradas, do ponto de vista econômico, político e cultural. Depois disso, o mercado de alimentos e bebidas de Singapura será considerado mais perto. Isso mostrará não apenas os regulamentos para alimentos e bebidas no mercado de Singapura, mas também alguns regulamentos específicos para o mercado de bebidas alcoólicas. Em seguida, os detalhes sobre este mercado de bebidas alcoólicas serão apontadas. A situação de mercado do vinho é então a parte próxima e maior desta análise de mercado. Será analisado em profundidade para descobrir as condições gerais para o vinho alemão neste mercado. Singapura é um mercado de vinhos muito interessante e crescente e funciona como um pólo de negócios de Sudeste Asiático. Oferece oportunidades excelentes para o vinho alemão no futuro e, por conseguinte, finalmente, o vinho alemão no mercado de Singapura será analisado e descrito. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de mercado sobre a presença de vinhos alemães nas empresas que venda vinhos em Singapura. Esta pesquisa fornece uma visão geral da presença do vinho alemão no mercado.

More people producing things leads to lower prices for consumers - all else being equal of course. Morrisons has begun matching its prices to Aldi and Lidl as new chief executive Rami Baitiéh mounts a fightback against the German discounters.The supermarket has pledged to match the price offered by Aldi or Lidl on more than 200 products, offering customers whichever price is lowest. The offer will cover everything from corn flakes and mince to canned tomatoes and baby wipes. Prices will be updated twice a week.One of the advantages of advancing age is that we've seen things happen before. Back a quarter century the big worry about British supermarkets was the uncompetitive nature of the industry. Net margins were up at 6% and the like of turnover - vastly high by international standards. Reports were written identifying triangular areas that one or t'other of the chains dominated and so on. Not much happened. Then Aldi and Lidl arrived. A different method of retailing, a smaller number of stock lines, different positioning, lower prices. At which point that competition started to eat the market - net margins for the industry are now in the 2 to 3% range. For everyone has had to do, these recent decades, what Morrisons is now doing. Cut prices to consumers to combat said competition.Those German and Austrian billionaire families which own those two insurgent chains have not done this for our interest. They've done it to amass those billionaire fortunes. But the effect has been to lower food prices for all of us. The capitalists competing for our custom is what produces that benefit to us.Sure, there are alternative ways of attempting to gain this result of an increase in consumer living standards. Venezuela famously decided that the President knew what things should cost and therefore everything should cost what the President said. The result was not an increase in living standards, rather the vanishing of everything from the marketplace.The standard example in the economic literature of this effect is indeed about the butcher and the baker, it's not their benevolence that feeds us, it's their regard for their own self-interest. The particular issue here being that free part of free markets. Which means that people are free to enter the market if they wish - which they have done and to our collective benefit.Free market competition for the win then.