Suchergebnisse

This work examines the current state of Russian education on the basis of data of the researches which were carried out in recent years in our educational institutions. The main attention is focused on an explanation of existing distinctions and identification of the factors influencing the training results rather than on ranging educational institutions by level of pupil preparation. Similar researches make it possible to reveal strong sides and weaknesses of Russian education and to trace a course of actions for more effective achievement of the scheduled purposes.

Within the framework of this work, an attempt is made to scientifically comprehend the principles of student motivation, in particular its features in the framework of online education. The authors consider the educational process as a communication between a teacher and a student and argue that online education radically changes the process of communication between the subjects of the educational process and translates it into a mediated and asynchronous format. To identify factors that determine the degree of motivation of students studying in the online format, the scientific work of foreign researchers with experience in the use of online technologies and the skills of scientific understanding of how the online format affects the assimilation of new knowledge by students was considered. The paradigm basis of the study is the cognitive approach, and the consideration of the process of mastering knowledge is based on the theory of MOA (motivation, opportunity, ability) and the probability model of conscious information processing. It has been established that the main advantage of online education is the reliance on independent work of students, and the use of
project-based learning is the best way to overcome the obstacles facing online education and unleash its full potential. The external and internal factors influencing motivation are identified, the main problems of the Russian education system, which is attempting to enter the online format, are identified, and recommendations are given for optimizing this process aimed at increasing the motivation of Russian students.

Russia presents specific mosaic, consisted from many peoples. They are different in size and in strength of inner connections, in economic and social characteristics, level of political organization, language and culture, spiritual features and national character. In such context the problem of multi-cultural education becomes very actual and complicated in terms of polyethnical Russian society.

Сегодня невозможно представить нашу жизнь без внедрения цифровых технологий в различные сферы жизнедеятельности человека. Современное общество стремительно входит в эпоху киберсоциализации, где меняется не только потребностно-мотивационная сфера человека, но и структура самосознания личности. Данная статья посвящена изучению вопроса цифровой социализации с опорой на принцип системности и учета многомерности данного процесса. В ходе сбора информации по структуре цифровой социализации не было найдено общего определения данного явления, однако в статье предпринимается попытка выделить структуру цифровой социализации в современном обществе, которая необходима для дальнейшего изучения процесса цифровизации как современного гражданского общества в целом, так и образовательного процесса в частности. Особенности постиндустриального общественного строя предполагают трансформацию взглядов на структуру социализации современного человека, в чем и заключается злободневность выделения структуры цифровой социализации. В заключение проведенного анализа литературных источников, касающихся вопроса цифровизации, выделяются основные компоненты процесса цифровой социализации, которые будут пригодны в современном образовательном процессе. Таким образом, результаты научной статьи могут быть полезны в процессе дальнейшего исследования явлений цифровизации современного постиндустриального общества во всех сферах жизнедеятельности человека.
Today it is impossible to imagine our life without the introduction of digital technologies in various spheres of human activity. Modern society is rapidly entering the era of cybersocialization, where not only the need-motivational sphere of a person is changing, but also the structure of self-consciousness of the individual. This article is devoted to the study of the issue of digital socialization based on the principle of consistency and taking into account the multidimensionality of this process. In the process of collecting information on the structure of digital socialization, no definition of the structure of digital socialization was found, however, the article attempts to highlight the structure of digital socialization in modern society, which is necessary for further study of the digitalization process of both modern civil society in general and the educational process in particular. This paper pays attention to the analysis of scientific works devoted to the study of the digitalization process, in which researchers express their point of view on the phenomena of digital socialization in the modern information space. Thus, the results of the scientific article can be useful in the process of further research of the phenomena of digitalization of modern post-industrial society in all spheres of human activity.

The article is about development of mathematical education and science in Penza region. Author examines main stages of development, classifies institutions of the early XX century and the exam program for the grammar school students. Penza's mathematicians' contribution to world science is mentioned.

The purpose of this article is to show how a coordination of interests in education occurs based on trust. Trust in sociology of education is usually understood as an indicator or a foundation of social consensus. In the latter case, researchers focus on the essential characteristics of trust (transparency, openness, etc.). However, such an understanding only fixates a certain state of interaction, or just prepares the ground for it. In this text, the focus is on ways or strategies of trust. They allow us to see not only the existence of a consensus, but also how it is achieved. In this case, we are not talking about the best or only form of consensus, which is often identified with the notion of ''quality education''. The emphasis is on there existing many forms of consent in the field of education. The source of legitimacy for justifying the transition from single to multiple forms was the joint research work of L. Boltanski and L. Theveno on the problem of reconciliation of interests. Different forms of consent arise when the expectations of interested participants in interactions are justified. Thus, the basis for their occurrence is not a reference to a bad or good education, but to how much it meets expectations or does not meet expectations.

Зиновкина Милослава Михайловна: В статье автор описывает теорию и практику внедрения в школах России и за рубежом авторской системы многоуровневого непрерывного креативного образования NFTM-TRIZ. Эта система с восторгом востребована и реализуется в школах Южной Кореи, в стране, которая за короткое время достигла огромных успехов в своем развитии. Статья адресована учителям школ, гимназий, лицеев; полезна аспирантам и специалистам, работающим в области креативной педагогики.

Presented in this article is a review, which evaluates the current state of Russia's secondary professional education system (SPE), and the degree to which it is prepared to train specialists who would be in demand by an innovative economy. Unlike the higher professional education system, during the last decade SPE has not only ceased to be a government priority, but has also "suffered" to a certain degree due to increased attention on behalf of the federal government towards universities, which have attained special statuses – such as "federal", "research", "supporting". Limited financial resources have been redistributed for the benefit of higher educational facilities, this leading to a decrease in funding for training personnel within SPE, while also harming the resource base. This took a serious toll on those technical colleges which trained specialists in new, promising professions. Given such a situation, communicating with employers becomes one of the key factors. However, the cooperation between SPE facilities and enterprises has been experiencing crisis due to the general decline of a number of manufacturing plants during the post-Soviet period. The study is based on the analysis of official statistical data, materials from sociological surveys, as well as expert opinions. This article consistently analyzes the current state of the SPE system, evaluates the training level of teachers, students' motivation for receiving secondary education, as well as the most popular professions. Special attention is devoted to corporate training acting as the equivalent of SPE, in the form of additional professional training. The article is concluded by examining possible directions for the development of the SPE system, in order to facilitate its adaptation to the demands of an innovative economy. Three possible directions are offered, which might help increase the quality of education within the SPE system, given the current conditions of financial limitations and issues associated with the quality of human resources. This includes cooperation with higher educational facilities, transferring a certain part of educational programs to the premises of employers, and conducting personnel training and advanced training by means of participation in independent programs such as WorldSkills and other such initiatives.

В статье приведены результаты критического анализа источников и литературы по цифровизации и ее влиянию на трансформацию обучения в высших учебных заведениях. Рассмотрены барьеры цифровой трансформации в вузах и основные положения теории онлайн-обучения (OCL), предприняты попытки определить преимущества и недостатки цифровизации образования, рассмотреть произошедшие изменения в выборе способов обучения и преподавания в период пандемии COVID-19, описать и проанализировать различные способы образования и обучения. Результаты аналитического обзора показали, что преподавательские практики все время адаптируются, совершенствуются и развиваются с учетом постоянно преобразующейся социально-экономической среды. Признается важность адаптации к меняющейся среде обучения и преподавания, которую нельзя считать статичной. В ходе исследования была отмечена важность участия преподавателей и студентов в реализации цифровизации в процессе обучения и в педагогической практике. В статье также приводится несколько критических показателей успеха для внедрения OCL. В работе обозначены некоторые из наиболее сложных проблем и препятствий, связанных с цифровизацией практики обучения и преподавания в высших учебных заведениях.
The article presents the results of a critical analysis of the sources on digitalization and its impact on the transformation of education in higher education institutions; examines the barriers of digital transformation in higher education institutions and the main provisions of the theory of online collaborative learning (OCL); makes attempts to determine the advantages and disadvantages of digitalization of education, to consider the changes that have occurred in the choice of ways of learning and teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic, to describe and analyze the different ways of education and training. The results of the analytical review showed that teaching practices are constantly adapting, improving and developing considering the constantly transforming socio-economic environment. The article recognizes the importance of adapting to an ever-changing learning and teaching environment that cannot be considered static. In the course of the study, the importance of the participation of teachers and students in the implementation of digitalization in the learning process and in pedagogical practice was noted. This article also provides several critical success metrics for OCL implementation. The article identifies some of the most difficult problems and obstacles associated with the digitalization of the practice of learning and teaching in higher education institutions.

В статье рассмотрена актуальность цифровой трансформации этнокультурного образования в современных условиях развития общества. Проведен анализ востребованности электронных образовательных ресурсов этнокультурной направленности, а также выделен ряд возможных затруднений по их использованию педагогами: «разбросанность» информации в глобальной сети, отсутствие систематизированных источников; неосведомленность о существовании тех или иных информационных источников этнокультурной направленности; отсутствие навыков поиска необходимой информации этнокультурного характера и др. Предложен способ решения возникшей проблемы с использованием информационно-образовательного консалтинга как одного из молодых и перспективных направлений в данной области, который представляет собой специализированный процесс предоставления услуг субъектам образовательного процесса, с использованием цифровых технологий, направленный на удовлетворение их информационных потребностей и запросов. С целью выявления значимости информационно-образовательного консалтинга в этнокультурном образовании нами был проведен опрос среди студентов и профессорско-преподавательского состава ФГБОУ ВО «Марийский государственный университет» (г. Йошкар-Ола, Россия). Анализ полученных результатов показал, что среди педагогов имеет место потребность в использовании этноориентированных электронных ресурсов сети интернет, а также заинтересованность в использовании услуг информационно-образовательного консалтинга, как источника знаний о внедрении данных ресурсов в систему этнокультурного образования.
The article deals with the changes in ethnocultural education due to its digital transformation. The authors analyze the demand for electronic resources of ethnocultural orientation, and reveal some reasons for possible difficulties in their use: "scattered" information in the global network, lack of systematized sources; unawareness of the existence of certain information sources of ethnocultural orientation; lack of skills to find necessary information of ethnocultural nature, etc. The authors also propose the method for solving the arisen problem using information and educational consulting as a new and promising direction in this field, which is a specialized process of providing services to participants of the educational process, using digital technologies and aimed at satisfying their information needs. In order to identify the importance of information and educational consulting in ethnocultural education, the authors conducted a survey among the students and teaching staff of the Mari State University (Yoshkar-Ola, Russia). Having analyzed the obtained results, they came to the conclusion that among the teachers there is a need to use electronic resources of the Internet, and that they are interested in using the services of information and educational consulting as a source of knowledge about the implementation of these resources in the system of ethnocultural education.

The concept of permanent revolution was formulated in the XIX century became a subject of constant debate in humanities circle. In contrast-scientific and technological revolutions are natural components at all steps of human development. Their permanence is commonly recognized imperative, followed by numerous confirmations with a convincing inevitability. Information and industrial revolutions taking place now in the world are such evidences. Experts declare today the fourth industrial revolution. Peter Drucker fairly predicted the fourth information revolution. It is interesting that the most important trait of both revolutions is the artificial intelligence which functions in the sphere of Big Data and Internet of Things. The application field (not the only) is the economy-its structure and content. Experts state the emergence of information capitalism and the information economy — innovations obtaining special and revolutional traits. The article is devoted to analysis of main components of the innovations and offers the ways how they should be reflected in the curriculum for modern economists and managers.

The world of work and occupations are changing rapidly as globalisation and digitalisation make headway. Today the occupation and its necessary competence requirements stopped being acquired once and forever. Modern professions become dynamic, should constantly reinvent themselves and be maintained by upgrading the competence. Consequently, the pedagogical competence of HEI teachers must also meet the new requirements, and the teachers should continuously widen the scope of their interests. Professional teacher training in Finland is internationally acknowledged thanks to high professionalism of instructors and due to the fact that training is based on research. The article analyses the scientific foundation of professional teacher training in Finland, its implementation and relationship with the changing world of work drawing on the example of the curriculum of HAMK University of Applied Sciences. The analysis of the curriculum shows that pedagogical studies for in-work learners meet the requirement of dynamism. They require involvement and active participation of the learners in the teaching process and its implementation receives positive student feedback.. The curriculum focuses on developing the teacher's work and provides an idealistic view on what it is to work as a teacher. A strive for continuous professional growth stems from pedagogical competence.

The topic of the work is of scientific and practical relevance, as there is a need to find ways to overcome the barriers to the effective functioning of online education during the global coronavirus pandemic. Russian higher education was faced with the need to suddenly change the principles of its work and transfer the vast majority of classes to an online format, which turned out to be associated with many practical problems that did not allow online education to function productively. As part of this work, an attempt is made to evaluate the rich experience of Western higher education in the application of online technologies and develop recommendations for the implementation of some effective solutions in the Russian social reality. The main research method is the analysis of documents and scientific publications. The following problems observed both in Russian and Western higher education were identified: digital divide, digital literacy, class lag, alienation from the educational process, virtualization of educational space, asynchronous communication and the inadequacy of coursework. The above problems create obstacles and barriers that do not allow Russian online education to function in full force, and require serious work to optimize the educational process. A recommendation was made to abandon non-contact online learning, the development of materials to improve the digital literacy of the teaching staff, as well as the need to unify the educational online space and create a Russian digital platform that will accumulate all the classes of state universities

The course of political science in higher education is often read, to a large extent, as a theoretical course and affects the study of issues and problems of the formation and development of political institutions, processes and technologies. The focus is usually on the history of politics, the state as the central institution of the political system, political parties, political consciousness, culture, political relations, etc. However, it is very important that, when studying a course in political science, listeners understand the current political processes taking place around them. Some of them are well established, democratic processes, such as the electoral process. Others are associated with the impact of modern innovation processes on the political sphere of society. And in this case, political science as a science once again demonstrates its value in an applied format. For a deep understanding of this kind of political processes, additional aggregated information is needed, knowledge that should differ in such characteristics as relevance, novelty, compliance with modern development. In the modern digital era, it is necessary to additionally acquire knowledge about the digital transformation of political institutions, processes and technologies, including types of state policy, the most important of which is social. And it's not just the digital economy. This, first of all, digitalization of public administration (State-web) — Big Date management, blockchain, etc., as well as digitalization of business — the emergence and development of digital enterprises, etc. It is obvious that the use of digital technologies will become possible for the development of predictive political science. This article is largely a translation of German publications by scientists dealing with the development of modern political science education in the countries of the European Union, in particular, in the Federal Republic of Germany. The focus is on the impact of digitalization on the teaching of theoretical and applied political science.

The purpose of this article is to characterize trust in higher education as a fundamental problem of sociological research, review existing achievements in its analysis and the presentation of experience in the empirical study of trust in higher education facilities of the Ural macro-region. Trust is interpreted by the authors as a major non-material asset of the development of higher education in a situation of crisis, social and economic uncertainty. It is proposed to consider the establishment of trust and the formation of a culture of trust in higher education as a constructive way to implement positive changes in the institution and the country's system of higher education, increasing its social effectiveness. Substantiated is the need for an interdisciplinary methodology for studying trust in higher education, developed at the intersection of sociological, psychological, socio-psychological, economic, moral and professional-ethical, educational, and management approaches. Going beyond the narrow disciplinary route, according to the authors, provides an opportunity to identify the resource potential of trust as an non-material asset. This article shows the main directions for researching trust in higher education in foreign and Russian science. The discourse of trust in higher education is shown as undergoing dynamic changes. On this basis, there are prospects for the further theoretical and empirical study of this problem. Data from the empirical study of trust as a new resource of higher education in the aforementioned Russian macro-region demonstrates the most acute contradictions given its current state and development, which have to do with an ever growing distrust in educational policies and the strategies for their implementation.