Suchergebnisse

Food parenting practices (FPPs) have an important role in shaping children's dietary behaviors. This study aimed to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations over a twoyear follow-up between FPP and dietary intake and compliance with current recommendations in 6- to 11-year-old European children. A total of 2967 parent-child dyads from the Feel4Diabetes study, a randomized controlled trial of a school and community-based intervention, (50.4% girls and 93.5% mothers) were included. FPPs assessed were: (1) home food availability; (2) parental role modeling of fruit intake; (3) permissiveness; (4) using food as a reward. Children's dietary intake was assessed through a parent-reported food frequency questionnaire. In regression analyses, the strongest cross-sectional associations were observed between home availability of 100% fruit juice and corresponding intake (β = 0.492 in girls and β = 0.506 in boys, p < 0.001), and between parental role modeling of fruit intake and children's fruit intake (β = 0.431 in girls and β = 0.448 in boys, p < 0.001). In multilevel logistic regression models, results indicated that improvements in positive FPPs over time were mainly associated with higher odds of compliance with healthy food recommendations, whereas a decrease in negative FPP over time was associated with higher odds of complying with energy-dense/nutrient-poor food recommendations. Improving FPPs could be an effective way to improve children's dietary intake. ; European Union's Horizon 2020 ; Aragón's Regional Government (Diputación General de Aragón, DGA)

Purpose: Home food environment, including home food availability and parental food preparation practices, plays a significant role in child diet patterns. Recent evidence suggests that parental psychological stress is related to parental food preparation practices; however, there is limited information about the relationship between parental psychological stress and home food availability. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationships between parental stress, home food availability, child diet patterns, and body mass index (BMI) in families with young children. Design: A secondary data analysis from a mixed-methods design study. Setting: The parent study was conducted in both local and online communities using a web-based survey. Participants: Participants were 256 parents of children aged 2 to 5 years (53.4% white; 41.5% of overweight or obese children). Measures: Parents completed well-validated self-report questionnaires. Analysis: We used latent structural equation modeling using Bayesian analysis. Results: There was a negative relationship between parents' general stress and healthy food availability at home (β* = −.20, P < .001 for fruits; β* = −.23, P < .001 for vegetables; and β* = −.24, P < .001 for healthy beverage) and a positive relationship between parenting stress and healthy snack and healthy beverage availability (β = .13, P = .03; β = .14, P = .02, respectively). There was no relationship between parental stress and unhealthy food availability at home while unhealthy food availability was significantly associated with child's unhealthy eating pattern (β* = .86, P < .01 for unhealthy snack; β* = .51, P < .01 for unhealthy beverage). There was no moderating effect of children's health insurance on the relationships between parental stress and home food availability. Furthermore, child diet patterns were not associated with child BMI. Conclusion: Parental psychological stress is a potentially important intervention target point for improving home food environment and child diet patterns.

Intro -- FOOD AWAY FROM HOME AND FOOD AT HOME DEMAND AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY RESEARCH -- FOOD AWAY FROM HOME AND FOOD AT HOME DEMAND AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY RESEARCH -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 THE DEMAND FOR DISAGGREGATED FOOD- AWAY-FROM-HOME AND FOOD-AT-HOME PRODUCTS IN THE UNITED STATES* -- ABSTRACT -- SUMMARY -- What Is the Issue? -- What Did the Study Find? -- How Was the Study Conducted? -- INTRODUCTION -- PREVIOUS RESEARCH ON MODELING DEMAND FOR FOOD AWAY FROM HOME -- Data -- ESTIMATION APPROACH -- Estimation of First- and Second-Stage Demand -- Approximating Unconditional Elasticities of Demand -- NEW ESTIMATES OF DEMAND FOR DISAGGREGATED FOOD-AWAY-FROM-HOME AND FOOD-AT-HOME PRODUCTS -- First-Stage Estimates of Demand Elasticities for Composite Goods -- Conditional Elasticities of Demand for Disaggregated Food Products -- Unconditional Elasticities of Demand for Disaggregated Food Products -- Cereals and Bakery Products -- Meat and Eggs -- Dairy -- Fruits and Vegetables -- Nonalcoholic Beverages -- Other FAH -- FAFH and Alcohol -- POTENTIAL POLICY IMPLICATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX TABLES -- APPENDIX: DERIVATIONS OF THE GENERALIZED ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL DEMAND SYSTEM (GODDS) -- End Notes -- End Notes for Appendix -- Chapter 2 NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF FOOD PREPARED AT HOME AND AWAY FROM HOME, 1977-2008* -- ABSTRACT -- SUMMARY -- What Is the Issue? -- What Did the Study Find? -- How Was the Study Conducted? -- INTRODUCTION -- DATA AND METHODS -- The Data: 1977-78 and 2005-08 -- Methods -- CHANGES IN THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF FOOD PREPARED AT HOME AND AWAY FROM HOME: 1977-2008 -- Food Prepared Away from Home Grabs a Larger Share of Caloric Intake -- Intake of Total Fat Fell Substantially -- Calcium Density Fell for School Foods -- NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF FOODS, BY FOOD SOURCE: 2005-08

As a basic physiology need, threat to sufficient food production is threat to human survival. Food security has been an issue that has gained global concern. This paper looks at the food security in Nigeria by assessing the availability of food and accessibility of the available food. The paper employed multiple linear regression technique and graphic trends of growth rates of relevant variables to show the situation of food security in Nigeria. Results of the tests revealed that population growth rate was higher than the growth rate of food availability in Nigeria for the earlier period of the study. Commercial bank credit to agricultural sector, foreign exchange utilization for food and the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund (ACGSF) contributed significantly to food availability in Nigeria. Food prices grew at a faster rate than the average income level, making it difficult to access sufficient food. It implies that prior to the year 2012; there was insufficient food to feed the Nigerian populace. However, continued credit to the food and agricultural sector will ensure sustained and sufficient production of food in Nigeria. Microfinance banks should make sufficient credit available to smallholder farmer. Government should further control and subsidize the rising price of food to make it more accessible by the people.

In our manuscript, we present the food choices available at vending machines in government-run Veterans Affairs Hospitals. The data in this article includes both a quantification of the beverages and packages foods available, along with a comparison of recommendations and sugar content to the government-issued USDA Dietary Guidelines 2015-2020. For further discussion on the results of this study, refer to the full manuscript "Lead by Poor Example: An Assessment of Snacks, Soda, and Junk Food Availability in Veterans Affairs Hospitals" (Champ et al., 2018) [1]. © 2018 The Authors ; https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.10.084

The Food Stamp Program (FSP) is designed to increase the food expenditures & the diet status of low-income households. Here, data from the Special Low-Income Component of the 1977/78 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey were utilized to estimate effects of FSP participation on food expenditures, nutrient availability, & nutrient intake. The estimation procedure utilized a principal components index for characterizing availability & intake of the included nutrients. Results show that FSP participation & FSP bonus increased food expenditures & improved the nutritional status of diets of low-income household members. Nutrient availability & intake levels for FSP participants were increased by as much as 10-15% per week for selected nutrients. 6 Tables, 22 References. Modified HA

AbstractIn this paper, we use a computable general equilibrium model to simulate the effects of drought and a decrease in agricultural productivity caused by climate change in Guatemala. A reduction in agricultural productivity would mean a considerable drop in crop and livestock production, and the resulting higher prices and lower household income would mean a significant reduction in the consumption of agricultural goods and food. The most negative effects of a drought would be concentrated in agriculture, given its intensive use of water. Because agricultural production is essential to ensuring food availability, these results suggest that Guatemala needs a proper water-distribution regulatory framework.

Several catastrophes could block the sun, including asteroid/comet impact, super volcanic eruption, and nuclear war with the burning of cities (nuclear winter). Previous work has analyzed alternate food supplies (e.g., mushrooms growing on dead trees, bacteria growing on natural gas). This was shown to be technically capable of feeding everyone with macronutrients (protein, carbohydrates, and lipids) and minerals, although economics and politics remain uncertain. The present work analyzes vitamin availability in such alternative food scenarios. The vitamin content of various alternate foods is compared to the US recommended daily allowance (RDA) as well as the average requirement defined by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and insufficiencies of single food sources are discussed. Single alternate food sources are always deficient in some vitamins, and the problems associated with this are discussed. To prevent disease in an alternative food scenario a wide range of foods must be consumed, or the diet must be supplemented. Backup plans discussed include chemical synthesis of vitamins, plants grown with artificial light and growing bacteria rich in certain vitamins. Finally, insights from this analysis are provided for combating existing micronutritional deficiencies using alternative foods today.

Several catastrophes could block the sun, including asteroid/comet impact, super volcanic eruption, and nuclear war with the burning of cities (nuclear winter). Previous work has analyzed alternate food supplies (e.g., mushrooms growing on dead trees, bacteria growing on natural gas). This was shown to be technically capable of feeding everyone with macronutrients (protein, carbohydrates, and lipids) and minerals, although economics and politics remain uncertain. The present work analyzes vitamin availability in such alternative food scenarios. The vitamin content of various alternate foods is compared to the US recommended daily allowance (RDA) as well as the average requirement defined by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and insufficiencies of single food sources are discussed. Single alternate food sources are always deficient in some vitamins, and the problems associated with this are discussed. To prevent disease in an alternative food scenario a wide range of foods must be consumed, or the dietmust be supplemented. Backup plans discussed include chemical synthesis of vitamins, plants grown with artificial light and growing bacteria rich in certain vitamins. Finally, insights from this analysis are provided for combating existing micronutritional deficiencies using alternative foods today. ; Peer reviewed

Several catastrophes could block the sun, including asteroid/comet impact, super volcanic eruption, and nuclear war with the burning of cities (nuclear winter). Previous work has analyzed alternate food supplies (e.g., mushrooms growing on dead trees, bacteria growing on natural gas). This was shown to be technically capable of feeding everyone with macronutrients (protein, carbohydrates, and lipids) and minerals, although economics and politics remain uncertain. The present work analyzes vitamin availability in such alternative food scenarios. The vitamin content of various alternate foods is compared to the US recommended daily allowance (RDA) as well as the average requirement defined by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and insufficiencies of single food sources are discussed. Single alternate food sources are always deficient in some vitamins, and the problems associated with this are discussed. To prevent disease in an alternative food scenario a wide range of foods must be consumed, or the diet must be supplemented. Backup plans discussed include chemical synthesis of vitamins, plants grown with artificial light and growing bacteria rich in certain vitamins. Finally, insights from this analysis are provided for combating existing micronutritional deficiencies using alternative foods today.

FOOD SAFETY AT HOME: THE LAST STEP OF FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN -- FOOD SAFETY AT HOME: THE LAST STEP OF FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION -- Chapter 2: FOOD-RELATED INCIDENTS AND OUTBREAKS NOT ARISING FROM FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN -- EUROPE -- AUSTRALIA -- USA -- AFRICA -- ASIA -- Chapter 3: CONSUMER AS AN EQUAL PART OF FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN -- Chapter 4: GOOD HOUSEKEEPING PRACTICE -- 4.1. PURCHASING -- 4.2. FOOD SAFETY PRACTICE FROM PURCHASE TO HOME -- 4.3. FOOD HANDLING PRACTICES AT HOME -- 4.4. COLD CHAIN MAINTAINING

The diet of sleepy lizards, Trachydosaurus rugosus, from a population near Tickera, South Australia,
was determined by direct observations, stomach content analysis and food choice trials. They were
found to be opportunistic feeders with a diverse diet of mainly flowers and berries, selected from
27 of the 85 plant species identified on two study plots. They were also found to feed on invertebrates,
mainly the introduced land snail, Thebapisana. Availability of different food types changed with season,
and the lizard diet adjusted to the changes. The spring home ranges of lizards contained a higher
proportion than random, of sampling squares in which common spring food plants were recorded.
However, the abundance of food plants makes it unlikely that food resources influence home range size.