Education is one of the most important factors, because the higher education of immigrants, the more they participate in the active civic life. Social networks, power, prestige, socialization of children and ethnic identity of immigrants promote to continue their civic activities. Very important motivation for immigrant activity is their public identification and recognition as representatives of certain immigrant groups.
Education is one of the most important factors, because the higher education of immigrants, the more they participate in the active civic life. Social networks, power, prestige, socialization of children and ethnic identity of immigrants promote to continue their civic activities. Very important motivation for immigrant activity is their public identification and recognition as representatives of certain immigrant groups.
In the last 20 years, after ethnic Germans came back to this country and other refugees started flowing to it, the debates about immigration became especially important among politicians. After World War II, people left their home countries and searched refuge in other countries. Germany was one of those countries where refugees sought asylum. Germany received such people because its industry needed labourers. The question of the integration of immigrants became the priority of the state. We can single out five phases of immigration into Germany: (1) Post- War Immigration in 1945 – 1954, (2) Guest Workers' Immigration in 1955 – 1973, (3) Family Reunification in 1974 – 1982, (4) Asylum and Refugee Immigration in 1983 – 1993, and (5) Immigration caused by the development of the European Union and Inflows of Ethnic Germans since 1988 until nowadays.
In the last 20 years, after ethnic Germans came back to this country and other refugees started flowing to it, the debates about immigration became especially important among politicians. After World War II, people left their home countries and searched refuge in other countries. Germany was one of those countries where refugees sought asylum. Germany received such people because its industry needed labourers. The question of the integration of immigrants became the priority of the state. We can single out five phases of immigration into Germany: (1) Post- War Immigration in 1945 – 1954, (2) Guest Workers' Immigration in 1955 – 1973, (3) Family Reunification in 1974 – 1982, (4) Asylum and Refugee Immigration in 1983 – 1993, and (5) Immigration caused by the development of the European Union and Inflows of Ethnic Germans since 1988 until nowadays.
In the last 20 years, after ethnic Germans came back to this country and other refugees started flowing to it, the debates about immigration became especially important among politicians. After World War II, people left their home countries and searched refuge in other countries. Germany was one of those countries where refugees sought asylum. Germany received such people because its industry needed labourers. The question of the integration of immigrants became the priority of the state. We can single out five phases of immigration into Germany: (1) Post- War Immigration in 1945 – 1954, (2) Guest Workers' Immigration in 1955 – 1973, (3) Family Reunification in 1974 – 1982, (4) Asylum and Refugee Immigration in 1983 – 1993, and (5) Immigration caused by the development of the European Union and Inflows of Ethnic Germans since 1988 until nowadays.
Immigrant integration policy is one of the most important issues in political discourse and is likely to remain so in the future. The article investigates the effectiveness of immigrant integration policy formation in Lithuania. According to theoretical insights, the general idea of integration includes the national reorganization of social and political areas for the inclusion of new immigrants, when legal, social, cultural and political rights are deliberately expanded for the immigrants in the host country. The analysis of legal documents reveals that the EU-level European Migration Agenda (2015) sets common priorities focusing on highly skilled workers, when at the same time Immigration Policy Guidelines (2008) determines general directions and principles of immigrant integration at the national level. It is necessary to highlight the point that the document does not set a specific goals, objectives, measures or evaluation criteria of immigration policy. The quantitative Eurostat (2016), European Migration Network (2017) and Statistics Lithuania (2004–2017) data analysis showed that among the EU member states Lithuania's attractiveness for immigrants is low and the implementation of immigration policy can not create a counterweight to the aging population and large emigration. In conclusion, the Immigration Policy Guidelines (2008) provided at national level are not sufficiently specific and clear to ensure effective integration of immigrants in Lithuania.
Immigrant integration policy is one of the most important issues in political discourse and is likely to remain so in the future. The article investigates the effectiveness of immigrant integration policy formation in Lithuania. According to theoretical insights, the general idea of integration includes the national reorganization of social and political areas for the inclusion of new immigrants, when legal, social, cultural and political rights are deliberately expanded for the immigrants in the host country. The analysis of legal documents reveals that the EU-level European Migration Agenda (2015) sets common priorities focusing on highly skilled workers, when at the same time Immigration Policy Guidelines (2008) determines general directions and principles of immigrant integration at the national level. It is necessary to highlight the point that the document does not set a specific goals, objectives, measures or evaluation criteria of immigration policy. The quantitative Eurostat (2016), European Migration Network (2017) and Statistics Lithuania (2004–2017) data analysis showed that among the EU member states Lithuania's attractiveness for immigrants is low and the implementation of immigration policy can not create a counterweight to the aging population and large emigration. In conclusion, the Immigration Policy Guidelines (2008) provided at national level are not sufficiently specific and clear to ensure effective integration of immigrants in Lithuania.
Immigrant integration policy is one of the most important issues in political discourse and is likely to remain so in the future. The article investigates the effectiveness of immigrant integration policy formation in Lithuania. According to theoretical insights, the general idea of integration includes the national reorganization of social and political areas for the inclusion of new immigrants, when legal, social, cultural and political rights are deliberately expanded for the immigrants in the host country. The analysis of legal documents reveals that the EU-level European Migration Agenda (2015) sets common priorities focusing on highly skilled workers, when at the same time Immigration Policy Guidelines (2008) determines general directions and principles of immigrant integration at the national level. It is necessary to highlight the point that the document does not set a specific goals, objectives, measures or evaluation criteria of immigration policy. The quantitative Eurostat (2016), European Migration Network (2017) and Statistics Lithuania (2004–2017) data analysis showed that among the EU member states Lithuania's attractiveness for immigrants is low and the implementation of immigration policy can not create a counterweight to the aging population and large emigration. In conclusion, the Immigration Policy Guidelines (2008) provided at national level are not sufficiently specific and clear to ensure effective integration of immigrants in Lithuania.
Immigrant integration policy is one of the most important issues in political discourse and is likely to remain so in the future. The article investigates the effectiveness of immigrant integration policy formation in Lithuania. According to theoretical insights, the general idea of integration includes the national reorganization of social and political areas for the inclusion of new immigrants, when legal, social, cultural and political rights are deliberately expanded for the immigrants in the host country. The analysis of legal documents reveals that the EU-level European Migration Agenda (2015) sets common priorities focusing on highly skilled workers, when at the same time Immigration Policy Guidelines (2008) determines general directions and principles of immigrant integration at the national level. It is necessary to highlight the point that the document does not set a specific goals, objectives, measures or evaluation criteria of immigration policy. The quantitative Eurostat (2016), European Migration Network (2017) and Statistics Lithuania (2004–2017) data analysis showed that among the EU member states Lithuania's attractiveness for immigrants is low and the implementation of immigration policy can not create a counterweight to the aging population and large emigration. In conclusion, the Immigration Policy Guidelines (2008) provided at national level are not sufficiently specific and clear to ensure effective integration of immigrants in Lithuania.
After coming to a new country, immigrants face social, political, economic, cultural and educational integration problems. Solution to these problems may be found by fostering the self-directed learning of immigrants in the community-based organizations. Therefore, research aim of the dissertation – to create a grounded theory of immigrants' self-directed learning in community-based organizations on their path to integration into the host society. Created grounded theory of immigrants' self-directed learning in the community-based organizations in the context of the personal level includes specific parameters and their expressions – universality and transient effect. Parameters (preconditions, context, strategies, and results) of grounded theory of immigrants' self-directed learning in the community-based organizations at the personal level can be transferred essentially unaltered into the specific national context of education and integration policy. In the meantime, the grounded theory on immigrants' self-directed learning in the community-based organizations at the level of the organization covers the specific parameters with a characteristic of contextual nature. In order to transfer the grounded theory on the immigrants' self-directed learning at the level of organization to the specific organization and national context, the need to specify it in the specific context of the organization arises. Strategies of the self-directed learning reveal the innovation of this grounded theory – they are both essential ways for solving the problems of immigrants' integration and factors for the holistic growth and development of an individual.
After coming to a new country, immigrants face social, political, economic, cultural and educational integration problems. Solution to these problems may be found by fostering the self-directed learning of immigrants in the community-based organizations. Therefore, research aim of the dissertation – to create a grounded theory of immigrants' self-directed learning in community-based organizations on their path to integration into the host society. Created grounded theory of immigrants' self-directed learning in the community-based organizations in the context of the personal level includes specific parameters and their expressions – universality and transient effect. Parameters (preconditions, context, strategies, and results) of grounded theory of immigrants' self-directed learning in the community-based organizations at the personal level can be transferred essentially unaltered into the specific national context of education and integration policy. In the meantime, the grounded theory on immigrants' self-directed learning in the community-based organizations at the level of the organization covers the specific parameters with a characteristic of contextual nature. In order to transfer the grounded theory on the immigrants' self-directed learning at the level of organization to the specific organization and national context, the need to specify it in the specific context of the organization arises. Strategies of the self-directed learning reveal the innovation of this grounded theory – they are both essential ways for solving the problems of immigrants' integration and factors for the holistic growth and development of an individual.
Migration processes are one of the main features of nowadays society. It is very important to integrate immigrants into working places (organizations) successfully. There are discussed migration theories, analyzed intercultural interaction and cultural shock and explored the model of immigrants integration in the first part of this Thesis. There are examined immigration tendencies in European Union, emigration tendencies in Lithuania and juridical regulation of migration in the second part of Thesis. There are discussed the methodology of the research, compared foreigners' juridical position's in Lithuania and France juridical regulation, explored the factors of immigrants integration in Lithuania and France in the third part of Thesis. The research accomplished in Master's Thesis helped to identify the factors, which relieve and (or) destroy integration in organizations of Lithuania and France. There are given conclusions and suggestions in the end of Thesis
Migration processes are one of the main features of nowadays society. It is very important to integrate immigrants into working places (organizations) successfully. There are discussed migration theories, analyzed intercultural interaction and cultural shock and explored the model of immigrants integration in the first part of this Thesis. There are examined immigration tendencies in European Union, emigration tendencies in Lithuania and juridical regulation of migration in the second part of Thesis. There are discussed the methodology of the research, compared foreigners' juridical position's in Lithuania and France juridical regulation, explored the factors of immigrants integration in Lithuania and France in the third part of Thesis. The research accomplished in Master's Thesis helped to identify the factors, which relieve and (or) destroy integration in organizations of Lithuania and France. There are given conclusions and suggestions in the end of Thesis
Radical Right parties are not a new subject for research scientists. Analysis of such parties" successful or unsuccessful performance in political arena during the last decades raises a lot of unanswered questions among political scientists. One of the main concerns is to indicate what the causes for Radical Right parties" growth are. Answers to such dilemmas are hidden in separate state cases, because to explain such a phenomenon as the growth of Radical Right parties is more like a complex study and in different states it may vary. Ordinary explanations, such as: disappointment of the current government, increased flow of immigrants, - are not necessarily common components which can explain the causation even in similar states. In this thesis the case of Italy is analyzed by answering how the Radical Right parties gain more and more importance in governing the country and how it is supported by the populism these parties use in their rhetoric. The government of Italy has been formed in 2018 from populists "Five Stars Movement" (Cinque Stelle) and anti-immigrant party "Northern League" (Lega Nord) which is building an evident confrontation with the EU institutions and Italy"s ruling class. Both, Radical Right position and populist rhetoric are counted as harmful elements for further democratic and political processes. What is more, it is a threat for the stability and security of the EU. Being the third economy in the EU, Italy could misbalance all the union, by choosing the wrong path towards instability zone. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the case of Italy by answering in what ways and depending on what circumstances the right wing in gaining more power and how populism is supporting it. In order to explain it, the main focus is put on the economical globalization, which is used as theoretical background. The thesis analyzes how neoliberalism intensifies instability and insecurity. The failure of the Welfare State is also a substantial factor in explaining the rise of Radical Right. Such context is understood as a favorable setting for analyzed parties. The spectrum of political right and left is also explained in this work: what are the differences between these two parts, how both wings emerge and act, and how the blurring distinguishing line between left and right causes the rise of Radical Right populist parties. This works also reveals the concept of Radical Right, focusing on previous research works in political science. A considerable notice is also marked on the phenomenon of populism. A clear access and conception of Radical Right and populism is based on the interpretation of the pathology of democracy. The complex link between the Radical Right flange, populism and stable democratic state is analyzed. Before analyzing a particular case, the criteria for defining the characteristics of Radical Right parties and populism dispersion are described. An individual research model is created, which marks most common characteristics of radical right found in scientific literature. Analysis is conducted by answering how such parties use populism and what are the circumstances and specific conditions which determine the successful performance of radical right wing. Eventually, the negative impact is evaluated. In the study case descriptive and content analyses methods are being used. In conclusion, main questions of the analysis are answered. Research shows, which ideologies of Radical Right are the most significant in explaining the growth of Radical Right parties in Italy. The most significant expressions of populism are also picked out, in the case of Italy.
Radical Right parties are not a new subject for research scientists. Analysis of such parties" successful or unsuccessful performance in political arena during the last decades raises a lot of unanswered questions among political scientists. One of the main concerns is to indicate what the causes for Radical Right parties" growth are. Answers to such dilemmas are hidden in separate state cases, because to explain such a phenomenon as the growth of Radical Right parties is more like a complex study and in different states it may vary. Ordinary explanations, such as: disappointment of the current government, increased flow of immigrants, - are not necessarily common components which can explain the causation even in similar states. In this thesis the case of Italy is analyzed by answering how the Radical Right parties gain more and more importance in governing the country and how it is supported by the populism these parties use in their rhetoric. The government of Italy has been formed in 2018 from populists "Five Stars Movement" (Cinque Stelle) and anti-immigrant party "Northern League" (Lega Nord) which is building an evident confrontation with the EU institutions and Italy"s ruling class. Both, Radical Right position and populist rhetoric are counted as harmful elements for further democratic and political processes. What is more, it is a threat for the stability and security of the EU. Being the third economy in the EU, Italy could misbalance all the union, by choosing the wrong path towards instability zone. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the case of Italy by answering in what ways and depending on what circumstances the right wing in gaining more power and how populism is supporting it. In order to explain it, the main focus is put on the economical globalization, which is used as theoretical background. The thesis analyzes how neoliberalism intensifies instability and insecurity. The failure of the Welfare State is also a substantial factor in explaining the rise of Radical Right. Such context is understood as a favorable setting for analyzed parties. The spectrum of political right and left is also explained in this work: what are the differences between these two parts, how both wings emerge and act, and how the blurring distinguishing line between left and right causes the rise of Radical Right populist parties. This works also reveals the concept of Radical Right, focusing on previous research works in political science. A considerable notice is also marked on the phenomenon of populism. A clear access and conception of Radical Right and populism is based on the interpretation of the pathology of democracy. The complex link between the Radical Right flange, populism and stable democratic state is analyzed. Before analyzing a particular case, the criteria for defining the characteristics of Radical Right parties and populism dispersion are described. An individual research model is created, which marks most common characteristics of radical right found in scientific literature. Analysis is conducted by answering how such parties use populism and what are the circumstances and specific conditions which determine the successful performance of radical right wing. Eventually, the negative impact is evaluated. In the study case descriptive and content analyses methods are being used. In conclusion, main questions of the analysis are answered. Research shows, which ideologies of Radical Right are the most significant in explaining the growth of Radical Right parties in Italy. The most significant expressions of populism are also picked out, in the case of Italy.
