Suchergebnisse

In diesem Artikel wird ein gemeinsamer theoretischer Bezugsrahmen vorgeschlagen, mithilfe dessen sich die vielfältigen theoretischen Optionen und inhaltlichen Konzepte der Arbeits- und Industriesoziologie miteinander verbinden und neu interpretieren lassen. Den Bezugsrahmen bildet eine dynamische Heuristik sozialer Ordnungsbildung, in der soziale Mechanismen die entscheidende Rolle spielen: Markt, Herrschaft, Solidarität und Subjektivität. Es wird gezeigt, dass diese Mechanismen soziale Prozesse auf verschiedenen sozialen Ebenen bestimmen: auf den Ebenen der Gesellschaft, der Organisation, der Interaktion und des Subjekts. Arbeitssoziologische Konzepte wie "Entgrenzung", "Vermarktlichung" und "Subjektivierung" lassen sich in ihrer inneren Logik neu begreifen, wenn man sie als spezifische Ausprägungen allgemeiner sozialer Mechanismen und deren Mischungsverhältnissen betrachtet. Darüber hinaus verbindet die Heuristik Handeln und Struktur und eröffnet neue zeitdiagnostische Perspektiven.

PurposeThis paper aims to identify key marketing and supply chain management-related (supply chain management – SCM) capabilities and explore the nature of the linkages between these specific capabilities as shaped by the integrative mechanisms adopted by firms.Design/methodology/approachBased on the findings from dyadic interviews with 26 marketing and SCM executives from business-to-business firms, the authors develop an empirically grounded conceptual framework.FindingsThe authors identify innovativeness and market learning capability as key marketing capabilities and supply chain agility and relational capability as key SCM capabilities. The authors find that relationships between these strategic marketing and SCM capabilities follow a specific pattern. The authors also find that the application of unique integrative mechanisms can cultivate the potential tandem between marketing and SCM capabilities.Research limitations/implicationsThe study informs theory with regard to two key areas: relationships among key marketing and SCM capabilities and integrative mechanisms that shape the underlying mechanisms of capability relationships.Practical implicationsApplication of organizational dynamics to key marketing and SCM provides a more nuanced understanding of the linkages among such capabilities. A better understanding and application of integrative mechanisms may help managers to develop better tools and means to bundle their key marketing and SCM capabilities effectively.Originality/valueThe qualitative and exploratory nature of the paper will be of significant interest to managers who would like to achieve greater synergy between marketing and SCM capabilities.

AbstractThis study explores the dynamics of cooperatives, with a focus on the internal challenges associated with sustaining democratic governance and promoting active member participation. The emphasis is on individual-level participation within the workplace, an often-neglected aspect in cooperative literature. An empirical model examines how member loyalty influences constructive and destructive voice behaviours. Leader–member exchange (LMX) relationship and integrative mechanisms are the proposed mediators in this context. Analysing data from 301 members of 19 worker cooperatives in Italy revealed different mediating effects through LMX, integrative mechanisms and a combined sequence. These findings enrich the cooperative literature by highlighting the importance of loyalty and voice behaviours in regenerating cooperative principles and member participation. The study also underscores the role of interpersonal relationships in affecting operational processes and explaining members' loyalty and participation dynamics, proposing suggestions for cooperative management upholding democratic governance rooted in trust-based relationships, organic organisational models and mutual values.

Social interaction refers to the communication among people within one particular area. This act can be recognized and done through simple talk or even through equipment that is commonly used these days, such as televisions, radios, telephones, and all kinds of transportation. Activities also help people to know and become a part of a community, by working and being involved in the same things, such as traditional community festivals, community development, and so on. These activities should be done continually as part of the system of social interaction. Social integrative mechanism means the existence of those who take part in running or working in a communication role, which leads to the interaction among people within a community; social control mechanisms such as laws and norms, organizations or groups within the community, including interest groups for economic or social benefit; communication, transportation, and meeting places such as a community centers. The definitions above are used to explain the patterns of social interaction and integrative mechanisms in communities in the northern Bangkok extended metropolitan region. Prachathipat, Klong-Song, Chiang-RakYai, and Pued-Udom in Pathumthani province were used as case studies. Research results reveal that communities in the northern Bangkok extended metropolitan region are transitioning from rural to urban type at different paces and to different degrees due to physical factors, i.e. , geographical setting, location, distance from the city, and accessibility. In addition, the differences are also due to socio-economic factors, i.e., age, sex, religion, educational level, occupation, income, and duration of stay of community residents, who are mostly comprised of two groups: old-timers and new-comers. In conclusion, three types of communities revealing different patterns of social interaction and integrative mechanisms are found in this area. The first type consists of communities exhibiting low-intensity land use, mostly as residential areas, located on agricultural land. Almost all of the residents are old-timers and have primary social interaction within the family and among friends. The level of social integration is high and integrative mechanisms are informal. The second type is communities with more intense and diverse land use than the first type. The old-timers in these communities begin to have "urban type" social interactions, with rather high levels of social integration through both formal and informal integrative mechanisms. The newcomers in these communities engage in "urban type" social interactions just to gain convenience and safety in living and working. The third are communities with highly intense and diverse activities and land use. Among old-timers in these communities, there is almost no trace of "rural type " social interaction, while integrative mechanisms are both formal and informal. Among newcomers, social interaction is the same as in the second type of community with a low level of integration and mostly formal integrative mechanisms.

Purpose: Mechanisms of Change (MoC) explain how strategies used to enhance the uptake of evidence in social and human services enable change in the behaviors of individual practitioners, organizational leaders or entire organizations, and systems. One such strategy is the use of implementation support practitioner (ISPs). This study examines the mechanisms through which ISPs facilitate behavior supportive of the implementation of research-supported interventions. Methods: A systematic, integrative review was conducted. The conceptualization of MoCs built on a model by Dalkin and colleagues. Results: Based on a unique combination of knowledge, skills, and attitudes, ISPs install trust in and among their stakeholders and utilize this trust to promote meaningful and relevant learning; provide ongoing opportunities for learning, reflection, and support; help to span boundaries; and positively motivate stakeholders. Discussion: ISPs do not represent a short cut to better implementation. They represent an additional implementation challenge that requires dedicated attention and resources.

The growing trends of ethno-religious intolerance and the attendant conflicts in Nigeria do not only constitute a major threat to the corporate existence of the country but are also working against democracy and its sustainability. Against this background, this paper argues that nation building continues to be a mirage in Nigeria as sectional, regional, tribal, religious, group and individual interests rather than national interests are promoted. This is despite the integrative mechanisms that are in operation in the country. The paper insisted that Nigeria's endless search for nationhood is reflective of the insincerity of the political elite who exploit the religious and ethnic diversity of the country to feather their nests.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent disorder that is associated with poor clinical and health outcomes, and considerable health care utilization and costs. Recent estimates suggest that 5% to 20% of military personnel who serve in current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Clinically, sleep disturbances are core features of PTSD that are often resistant to first-line treatments, independently contribute to poor daytime functioning, and often require sleep-focused treatments. Physiologically, these observations suggest that PTSD is partially mediated by sleep disruption and its neurobiological correlates that are not adequately addressed by first-line treatments. However, polysomnographic studies have provide limited insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of PTSD during sleep. There is an urgent need to apply state-of-the-science sleep measurement methods to bridge the apparent gap between the clinical significance of sleep disturbances in PTSD and the limited understanding of their neurobiological underpinnings. Here, we propose an integrative review of findings derived from neurobiological models of fear conditioning and fear extinction, PTSD, and sleep-wake regulation suggest that the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex can directly contribute to sleep disturbances in PTSD. Testable hypotheses regarding the neurobiological underpinnings of PTSD across the sleep-wake cycle are offered.