Suchergebnisse

Problem setting and topicality. One of the priorities of the development of the institution of family law legal control is the legislative regulation of spouses' property relations. The Family Code of Ukraine (the FC ofUkraine) establishes two types of property relations of spouses that are based on: 1) the personal private property of spouses (ch. 7 of the FC); 2) the common joint property of spouses (ch. 8 of the FC).Analysis of the recent research and publications. As to the civil law literature the problems of common property were scrutinized by: I. V. Zhylinkova, A. Yerukh, O. S. Prostybozhenko and others, but unfortunately the problems of the conclusion of contracts by one spouse without the consent of the other concerning common property remains unconsidered in the literature.Thus, the purpose of the article is the analysis of the spouses' responsibilities arising on the common joint property and the ability / disability of the conclusion of contracts on common property of one of the spouses.The main research material. Property acquisition during the marriage creates a presumption of the common joint property right. It is believed that if the property was acquired during the marriage, it is common. According to art. 51 of the Constitution of Ukraine each spouse has equal rights and responsibilities in the marriage and in the family. It follows from the terms of reference that rights and responsibilities of spouses regarding the property that will be acquired in marriage are equal.The FC determines one more option. According to art. 74 of the FC, if a woman and a man live as one family, but they are not married to each other or they are not in any other marriage, the property acquired during their cohabitation belongs to them by the right of the common joint property, unless other right isn't determined between them by the written agreement. Terms of reference of art. 8 of the FC apply to the property that is the object of the common joint property of a woman and a man who are not married to each other or who are not in any other marriage.Thus, in this article responsibilities both of the persons who are in a registered marriage and the persons living as one family but not married to each other are analyzed.Conclusions. Thus, art. 65 of the FC reveals problems concerning disposition of the property that is the object of the common joint property, and as a rule during the conclusion of contracts requires a written consent of the spouse who is not a party of the contract, so that in the future there would not be questions on the occasion of who must meet the engagements taken upon oneself and, respectively, at the expense of whose (common or private) funds. ; В статье исследуются обязанности супругов, возникающие в отношении общей совместной собственности. Анализируется вопрос о возможности (не возможности) заключения сделок одним из супругов в отношении общего имущества без согласия другого. ; У статті досліджуються обов'язки подружжя, що виникають з приводу спільної сумісної власності. Ааналізується питання можливості (неможливості) укладення правочинів одним із подружжя з приводу спільного майна без згоди іншого.

Problem setting and topicality. One of the priorities of the development of the institution of family law legal control is the legislative regulation of spouses' property relations. The Family Code of Ukraine (the FC ofUkraine) establishes two types of property relations of spouses that are based on: 1) the personal private property of spouses (ch. 7 of the FC); 2) the common joint property of spouses (ch. 8 of the FC).Analysis of the recent research and publications. As to the civil law literature the problems of common property were scrutinized by: I. V. Zhylinkova, A. Yerukh, O. S. Prostybozhenko and others, but unfortunately the problems of the conclusion of contracts by one spouse without the consent of the other concerning common property remains unconsidered in the literature.Thus, the purpose of the article is the analysis of the spouses' responsibilities arising on the common joint property and the ability / disability of the conclusion of contracts on common property of one of the spouses.The main research material. Property acquisition during the marriage creates a presumption of the common joint property right. It is believed that if the property was acquired during the marriage, it is common. According to art. 51 of the Constitution of Ukraine each spouse has equal rights and responsibilities in the marriage and in the family. It follows from the terms of reference that rights and responsibilities of spouses regarding the property that will be acquired in marriage are equal.The FC determines one more option. According to art. 74 of the FC, if a woman and a man live as one family, but they are not married to each other or they are not in any other marriage, the property acquired during their cohabitation belongs to them by the right of the common joint property, unless other right isn't determined between them by the written agreement. Terms of reference of art. 8 of the FC apply to the property that is the object of the common joint property of a woman and a man who are not married to each other or who are not in any other marriage.Thus, in this article responsibilities both of the persons who are in a registered marriage and the persons living as one family but not married to each other are analyzed.Conclusions. Thus, art. 65 of the FC reveals problems concerning disposition of the property that is the object of the common joint property, and as a rule during the conclusion of contracts requires a written consent of the spouse who is not a party of the contract, so that in the future there would not be questions on the occasion of who must meet the engagements taken upon oneself and, respectively, at the expense of whose (common or private) funds. ; В статье исследуются обязанности супругов, возникающие в отношении общей совместной собственности. Анализируется вопрос о возможности (не возможности) заключения сделок одним из супругов в отношении общего имущества без согласия другого. ; У статті досліджуються обов'язки подружжя, що виникають з приводу спільної сумісної власності. Ааналізується питання можливості (неможливості) укладення правочинів одним із подружжя з приводу спільного майна без згоди іншого.

The article is devoted to the study of one of the grounds for exemption from responsibility of international intergovernmental organizations - self-defense. It is provided by Art. 21 Draft articles on the Responsibility of international organizations, adopted by the UN International Law Commission in 2011. The wording of the norm significantly differs from the relevant provision providing a similar right to sovereign states. In particular, it states that "The wrongfulness of an act of an international organization is precluded if and to the extent that the act constitutes a lawful measure of self-defence under international law". It does not have a direct reference to the United Nations Charter, which is contained in Art. 21 Draft Articles on the Responsibility of the States in 2001. Currently there are no international agreements that envisage the right to self-defense of international organizations. Consequently, the basis for its application can be only an international law custom. Defining it is a complex scientific issue. Present analysis is based on the legal nature of international organizations. It is pointed out that, unlike sovereign states, they do not have their own territory, which in the vast majority of cases is the main purpose of military attacks by aggressor countries. Consequently, the grounds for applying the right to self-defense of international organizations are quite limited. They are mainly related to the negative circumstances in which police and peacekeeping units operate acting on the mandate of the relevant international organization and on its behalf. In other cases, international organizations are protected by agreements with the states on its territory their headquarters are located, where the guarantees of their safety and integrity are expressly provided. It is pointed out that it is highly likely that some of new means of direct and indirect intervention that are already being used to interfere in internal and external affairs of states will probably be applied to international organizations in the future. ; В статье даётся толкование ст. 21 Проекта статей об ответственности международных организаций, принятого Комиссией международного права ООН в 2011 г., предусматривающей право на самооборону как одно из условий, исключающих их противоправное поведение на международной арене. Содержание права на самооборону международных организаций сопоставлено с содержанием права на самооборону суверенных государств. Определена сфера практического применения права на самооборону международными организациями. ; У роботі надано тлумачення ст. 21 Проекту статей про відповідальність міжнародних організацій, що був прийнятий Комісією міжнародного права ООН у 2011 р., який передбачає право на самооборону, як одну із підстав, що виключають їх протиправну поведінку на міжнародній арені. Зміст права на самооборону міжнародних організацій зіставлений зі змістом права на самооборону суверенних держав. Визначено сферу практичного застосування права на самооборону міжнародними організаціями.

The article is devoted to the study of one of the grounds for exemption from responsibility of international intergovernmental organizations - self-defense. It is provided by Art. 21 Draft articles on the Responsibility of international organizations, adopted by the UN International Law Commission in 2011. The wording of the norm significantly differs from the relevant provision providing a similar right to sovereign states. In particular, it states that "The wrongfulness of an act of an international organization is precluded if and to the extent that the act constitutes a lawful measure of self-defence under international law". It does not have a direct reference to the United Nations Charter, which is contained in Art. 21 Draft Articles on the Responsibility of the States in 2001. Currently there are no international agreements that envisage the right to self-defense of international organizations. Consequently, the basis for its application can be only an international law custom. Defining it is a complex scientific issue. Present analysis is based on the legal nature of international organizations. It is pointed out that, unlike sovereign states, they do not have their own territory, which in the vast majority of cases is the main purpose of military attacks by aggressor countries. Consequently, the grounds for applying the right to self-defense of international organizations are quite limited. They are mainly related to the negative circumstances in which police and peacekeeping units operate acting on the mandate of the relevant international organization and on its behalf. In other cases, international organizations are protected by agreements with the states on its territory their headquarters are located, where the guarantees of their safety and integrity are expressly provided. It is pointed out that it is highly likely that some of new means of direct and indirect intervention that are already being used to interfere in internal and external affairs of states will probably be applied to international organizations in the future. ; В статье даётся толкование ст. 21 Проекта статей об ответственности международных организаций, принятого Комиссией международного права ООН в 2011 г., предусматривающей право на самооборону как одно из условий, исключающих их противоправное поведение на международной арене. Содержание права на самооборону международных организаций сопоставлено с содержанием права на самооборону суверенных государств. Определена сфера практического применения права на самооборону международными организациями. ; У роботі надано тлумачення ст. 21 Проекту статей про відповідальність міжнародних організацій, що був прийнятий Комісією міжнародного права ООН у 2011 р., який передбачає право на самооборону, як одну із підстав, що виключають їх протиправну поведінку на міжнародній арені. Зміст права на самооборону міжнародних організацій зіставлений зі змістом права на самооборону суверенних держав. Визначено сферу практичного застосування права на самооборону міжнародними організаціями.

The article is devoted to the study of one of the grounds for exemption from responsibility of international intergovernmental organizations - self-defense. It is provided by Art. 21 Draft articles on the Responsibility of international organizations, adopted by the UN International Law Commission in 2011. The wording of the norm significantly differs from the relevant provision providing a similar right to sovereign states. In particular, it states that "The wrongfulness of an act of an international organization is precluded if and to the extent that the act constitutes a lawful measure of self-defence under international law". It does not have a direct reference to the United Nations Charter, which is contained in Art. 21 Draft Articles on the Responsibility of the States in 2001. Currently there are no international agreements that envisage the right to self-defense of international organizations. Consequently, the basis for its application can be only an international law custom. Defining it is a complex scientific issue. Present analysis is based on the legal nature of international organizations. It is pointed out that, unlike sovereign states, they do not have their own territory, which in the vast majority of cases is the main purpose of military attacks by aggressor countries. Consequently, the grounds for applying the right to self-defense of international organizations are quite limited. They are mainly related to the negative circumstances in which police and peacekeeping units operate acting on the mandate of the relevant international organization and on its behalf. In other cases, international organizations are protected by agreements with the states on its territory their headquarters are located, where the guarantees of their safety and integrity are expressly provided. It is pointed out that it is highly likely that some of new means of direct and indirect intervention that are already being used to interfere in internal and external affairs of states will probably be applied to international organizations in the future. ; В статье даётся толкование ст. 21 Проекта статей об ответственности международных организаций, принятого Комиссией международного права ООН в 2011 г., предусматривающей право на самооборону как одно из условий, исключающих их противоправное поведение на международной арене. Содержание права на самооборону международных организаций сопоставлено с содержанием права на самооборону суверенных государств. Определена сфера практического применения права на самооборону международными организациями. ; У роботі надано тлумачення ст. 21 Проекту статей про відповідальність міжнародних організацій, що був прийнятий Комісією міжнародного права ООН у 2011 р., який передбачає право на самооборону, як одну із підстав, що виключають їх протиправну поведінку на міжнародній арені. Зміст права на самооборону міжнародних організацій зіставлений зі змістом права на самооборону суверенних держав. Визначено сферу практичного застосування права на самооборону міжнародними організаціями.

Problem setting. The problem is to investigate how the French legal philosopher Michel Villey (1914-1988) understood the exigency of "dialectics" in our understanding of legal philosophy and of legal doctrine, as well as in judicial activities. In the article we stressed that Villey used this exigency of "dialectics" on one side in a heuristic and practical setting of judicial activity in reference to language, and on the other, imposed the character "dialectics" as a philosophical emblem reserved to a specific philosophical tradition. As to the latter, Michel Villey used the exigency of "dialectics" to justify the conception of a natural law largely based on Aristotle and Saint-Thomas' philosophies and their legacies. The interrogation as to the "dialectic exigency" is thus simultaneously a legitimisation of how this conception of natural law comes to life, how it is functioning and what is the fondationalistic reasoning justifying it. The researcher, however, raises the question of whether we can understand this exigency otherwise, and more rightfully as just embedded in practical language analysis and in situated judicial communication. He answers this positively in showing that language is dialectics when understood as dialogue and sharing communicatively the world by means of language. He so turns the tables on Villey and this form of natural law theory in showing that if this is the case, then practical language understanding wholly takes care of the dialectic exigency. The researcher takes the stand for a legal philosophy which is neither positivist nor iusnatural if not simply modern and centred on the grammar of practical language. Recent research and publication analysis. The legal philosophy of Michel Villey has had a great influence around the world, especially in Catholic country or in Catholic settings. The number of translations of his articles and books around the world is impressive and remarkable! Since his death in 1988, we have seen an avalanche of studies and essays about the legal philosophy, the iusnatural conception of law, legal history, all embedded in M. Villey's writing or taking a stand against it. The writings related to Michel Villey are growing, in his home country and in other countries. Two outstanding works have been entirely devoted to his philosophy: Renato Rabbi-Baldi Cabanillas, La filosofia juridica de Michel Villey [In Spanish] (Pamplona, Eunsa, 1989), and Stéphane Bauzon, Le métier de juriste. Du droit politique selon Michel Villey [In French] Québec, Les Presses de l'Université Laval, coll. Diké, 2002 (or in Italian: Il mestiere del giurista. Il diritto politico nella prospettiva di Michel Villey, Milano, Giuffré editore, 2001). The present study is entirely topical as to the way Michel Villey found his legal philosophy. Paper objective. To investigate, research and elucidate the meaning of the exigency of "dialectics" in the writings of French legal philosopher Michel Villey. Simultaneously, to give an alternative version and understanding of how this exigency can help us better understand how we write the philosophy of law or legal dogmatic. ; Мишель Виллей (1914-1988) – французский философ и сторонник природного права. В данной статье критически рассмотрено одно из ключевых понятий его теории – правовая диалектика. Проанализированы принципы теории Виллея в контексте философско-этимологических оснований понятия диалектики. В статье исследовано обращение автора к работам Аристотеля и Фомы Аквинского з целью обоснования упомянутой концепции диалектики. Изучен опыт использования автором диалектики для обоснования природного права. Критически рассмотрено новое направление в понимании понятия диалектики, отвечающее современной коммуникативной концепции права. Изучен опыт использования автором диалектики для обоснования природного права. ; Мішель Віллей (1914-1988) – французький філософ та прибічник природного права. У даній статті критично розглянуте одне з ключових понять його теорії – правова діалектика. Проаналізовані основи теорії Віллея в контексті філософсько-етимологічних підвалин поняття діалектики. У статті досліджено звернення автора до праць Аристотеля та Фоми Аквінського з метою обґрунтування згаданої концепції діалектики. Вивчений досвід використання автором діалектики для обґрунтування природного права. Критично розглянуто відповідну філософію мовних структур та запропоновано новий напрям у розумінні поняття діалектики, що відповідає сучасній комунікативній концепції права.

Problem setting. The problem is to investigate how the French legal philosopher Michel Villey (1914-1988) understood the exigency of "dialectics" in our understanding of legal philosophy and of legal doctrine, as well as in judicial activities. In the article we stressed that Villey used this exigency of "dialectics" on one side in a heuristic and practical setting of judicial activity in reference to language, and on the other, imposed the character "dialectics" as a philosophical emblem reserved to a specific philosophical tradition. As to the latter, Michel Villey used the exigency of "dialectics" to justify the conception of a natural law largely based on Aristotle and Saint-Thomas' philosophies and their legacies. The interrogation as to the "dialectic exigency" is thus simultaneously a legitimisation of how this conception of natural law comes to life, how it is functioning and what is the fondationalistic reasoning justifying it. The researcher, however, raises the question of whether we can understand this exigency otherwise, and more rightfully as just embedded in practical language analysis and in situated judicial communication. He answers this positively in showing that language is dialectics when understood as dialogue and sharing communicatively the world by means of language. He so turns the tables on Villey and this form of natural law theory in showing that if this is the case, then practical language understanding wholly takes care of the dialectic exigency. The researcher takes the stand for a legal philosophy which is neither positivist nor iusnatural if not simply modern and centred on the grammar of practical language. Recent research and publication analysis. The legal philosophy of Michel Villey has had a great influence around the world, especially in Catholic country or in Catholic settings. The number of translations of his articles and books around the world is impressive and remarkable! Since his death in 1988, we have seen an avalanche of studies and essays about the legal philosophy, the iusnatural conception of law, legal history, all embedded in M. Villey's writing or taking a stand against it. The writings related to Michel Villey are growing, in his home country and in other countries. Two outstanding works have been entirely devoted to his philosophy: Renato Rabbi-Baldi Cabanillas, La filosofia juridica de Michel Villey [In Spanish] (Pamplona, Eunsa, 1989), and Stéphane Bauzon, Le métier de juriste. Du droit politique selon Michel Villey [In French] Québec, Les Presses de l'Université Laval, coll. Diké, 2002 (or in Italian: Il mestiere del giurista. Il diritto politico nella prospettiva di Michel Villey, Milano, Giuffré editore, 2001). The present study is entirely topical as to the way Michel Villey found his legal philosophy. Paper objective. To investigate, research and elucidate the meaning of the exigency of "dialectics" in the writings of French legal philosopher Michel Villey. Simultaneously, to give an alternative version and understanding of how this exigency can help us better understand how we write the philosophy of law or legal dogmatic. ; Мишель Виллей (1914-1988) – французский философ и сторонник природного права. В данной статье критически рассмотрено одно из ключевых понятий его теории – правовая диалектика. Проанализированы принципы теории Виллея в контексте философско-этимологических оснований понятия диалектики. В статье исследовано обращение автора к работам Аристотеля и Фомы Аквинского з целью обоснования упомянутой концепции диалектики. Изучен опыт использования автором диалектики для обоснования природного права. Критически рассмотрено новое направление в понимании понятия диалектики, отвечающее современной коммуникативной концепции права. Изучен опыт использования автором диалектики для обоснования природного права. ; Мішель Віллей (1914-1988) – французький філософ та прибічник природного права. У даній статті критично розглянуте одне з ключових понять його теорії – правова діалектика. Проаналізовані основи теорії Віллея в контексті філософсько-етимологічних підвалин поняття діалектики. У статті досліджено звернення автора до праць Аристотеля та Фоми Аквінського з метою обґрунтування згаданої концепції діалектики. Вивчений досвід використання автором діалектики для обґрунтування природного права. Критично розглянуто відповідну філософію мовних структур та запропоновано новий напрям у розумінні поняття діалектики, що відповідає сучасній комунікативній концепції права.

Abstracts. In light of the new Law of Ukraine "On Higher Education", pedagogy today should become a science providing a new solution to existing challenges. Modern contradictory information society is more than ever in need of resourceful, intellectual and creative young people with democratic frame of reference and high life values, who are capable of orientating themselves in the world and are ready to bear personal social responsibility. In this view, the reevaluation of 'how to teach' and 'what to teach' is of paramount importance, which would provide up–to–date cutting edge content to humanitarian curricula, especially in technical higher education institutions. Therefore, it is social education based on strengthening a humanistic component of educational process that is aimed at introducing young people to the system of democratic (civil) values and will be able to prepare students to participate in resolving current and prospective challenges in the government, be a responsible community leader and a country patriot. ; Рассмотрена национальная система воспитания как условие целостного формирования личности на основе профессиональной деятельности, а также созданная украинским народом на протяжении веков система взглядов, убеждений, идей, идеалов, традиций, что имеет целью формирование мировоззренческой позиции и ценностных ориентаций молодежи, передачу ей социального опыта, достижений предыдущих поколений. ; Розглянуто національну систему виховання як умову цілісного формування особистості на основі професійної діяльності, а також створену українським народом упродовж століть систему поглядів, переконань, ідей, ідеалів, традицій, що має на меті формування світоглядної позиції та ціннісних орієнтацій молоді, передачу їй соціального досвіду, надбань попередніх поколінь.

Abstracts. In light of the new Law of Ukraine "On Higher Education", pedagogy today should become a science providing a new solution to existing challenges. Modern contradictory information society is more than ever in need of resourceful, intellectual and creative young people with democratic frame of reference and high life values, who are capable of orientating themselves in the world and are ready to bear personal social responsibility. In this view, the reevaluation of 'how to teach' and 'what to teach' is of paramount importance, which would provide up–to–date cutting edge content to humanitarian curricula, especially in technical higher education institutions. Therefore, it is social education based on strengthening a humanistic component of educational process that is aimed at introducing young people to the system of democratic (civil) values and will be able to prepare students to participate in resolving current and prospective challenges in the government, be a responsible community leader and a country patriot. ; Рассмотрена национальная система воспитания как условие целостного формирования личности на основе профессиональной деятельности, а также созданная украинским народом на протяжении веков система взглядов, убеждений, идей, идеалов, традиций, что имеет целью формирование мировоззренческой позиции и ценностных ориентаций молодежи, передачу ей социального опыта, достижений предыдущих поколений. ; Розглянуто національну систему виховання як умову цілісного формування особистості на основі професійної діяльності, а також створену українським народом упродовж століть систему поглядів, переконань, ідей, ідеалів, традицій, що має на меті формування світоглядної позиції та ціннісних орієнтацій молоді, передачу їй соціального досвіду, надбань попередніх поколінь.

Strashok A. A. Procedural status of translator: features of involvement and participation in criminalproceedings. – Article.At the beginning of the article, the author points out that equality is a fundamental principlethat is enshrined at the international level. The Constitution of Ukraine also enshrines the equalityof constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, foreigners and stateless persons who are in Ukraine legallyand the equality of these persons before the law. In turn, the CPC of Ukraine in its content enshrined, amongother principles of criminal proceedings, the principle of equality before the law and the court. Equalityof participants in criminal proceedings before the law and the court implies giving them equal rightsand equal responsibilities to participate in the process and defend their position. One of the guaranteesof compliance with the principle of equality before the law and the court is the involvement of an interpreter.The paper highlights the problematic issues of the procedure for hiring a translator, which is enshrinedin the CPC of Ukraine, namely the grounds for hiring a translator, the persons authorized to hire him,the purpose of his involvement. The author provides a definition of the evaluative concept of "possession"or "insufficient possession" of the language in which the criminal proceedings are conducted. The authorconsiders the issue of persons who can be involved as translators. Based on the analyzed legislation, theauthor puts forward his own requirements to the person of the translator in criminal proceedings, namely:lack of interest in criminal proceedings; competence; reaching adulthood. Also, in the article, the authorcites the rules of the CPC of foreign countries, namely the Republic of Austria, Estonia, on the normativeconsolidation of the concept of "translator". The author proposes to amend the legislation by supplementingit with norms on the development and adoption of regulations on the procedure for passing the qualifyingexamination and obtaining a certificate of the right to carry out translation activities. Also, in Ukrainea reference and information register of translators has been created, which is not used in practice dueto the difficulty of its use, secrecy, etc. In this regard, the author is invited to ensure its proper operation ; Страшок А. А. Процесуальне становище перекладача: особливості залучення та участіу кримінальному провадженні. – Стаття.На початку статті автором вказується, що рівність є основоположною засадою, яка закріплена на міжнародному рівні. Конституцією України також закріплено рівність конституційних прав і свобод громадян, іноземців та осіб без громадянства, що перебувають в Україні на законних підставах, та рівність таких осіб перед законом. Своєю чергою КПК України у своєму змісті закріпив, серед інших засад кримінального провадження, засаду рівності перед законом і судом. Рівність учасників кримінального провадження перед законом і судом передбачає наділення їх рівними правами та рівними обов'язками щодо участі у процесі та відстоюванні своєї позиції. Однією з гарантій дотримання засадирівності перед законом і судом є залучення перекладача. У роботі висвітлюються проблемні питання порядку залучення перекладача, який закріплений у КПК України, а саме підстави залучення перекладача, особи, уповноважені на його залучення, мета його залучення. Автором надається визначення оціночному поняттю «володіння чи недостатнє володіння» мовою, якою здійснюється кримінальне провадження. У роботі автором розглядається питання щодо осіб, які можуть бути залучені як перекладачі. На основі проаналізованого законодавства автором висуваються власні вимоги до особи пере-кладача у кримінальному процесі, а саме: незаінтересованість у кримінальному провадженні; компетентність; досягнення повноліття. Також у рамках статті автор наводить норми КПК зарубіжних країн, а саме Австрійської Республіки, Естонії, щодо нормативного закріплення поняття «перекладач». Автор пропонує внести зміни до законодавства шляхом його доповнення нормами щодо розробкита прийняття положення про порядок складення кваліфікаційного іспиту та отримання свідоцтва про право на здійснення перекладацької діяльності. Також в Україні створений Довідково-інформаційний реєстр перекладачів, який на практиці не застовується через важкість його використання, закритість тощо. У зв'язку з цим автором пропонується забезпечити належну його роботу.

The scientific article considers on the basis of the analysis of doctrinal sources and provisions of legal acts the essence of public and corporate rulemaking in the labor law of Ukraine is considered. The author found that the problem of improving national labor legislation for several decades determines the focus of the efforts of scientists and practitioners. Some legal norms governing labor relations were adopted when the state was the main employer, and the rights and freedoms of participants in labor relations were not given sufficient attention. The improvement of legal acts that regulate labor relations requires the delimitation of the competence of the subjects of rule-making. The purpose of the article is to determine the terms of reference of subjects of public and corporate rulemaking and the implementation of the delimitation of their powers in the studied area. The article discusses the features of the rulemaking of the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, central executive bodies, local governments, employers and their associations, trade unions, labor collectives. Properties are characterized by public and corporate rulemaking, taking into account the differences between them. It's been agreed that, apart from collective agreements and pleasures, members of the huge suspension can be invited, robot teachers and practitioners to independently gain rights and obligations, to separate the power from the sphere, to establish private interests. The conclusion is made that, along with state or centralized rulemaking of subjects of labor law, there is also corporate rulemaking, the subjects of which are employers and their associations, trade unions and associations, and labor collectives. The author states that corporate norms fill the gaps in the regulatory system of law and are auxiliary in nature. The subject of regulation of corporate norms is the relationship within the work collective. Such relations cover the establishment of working conditions, employee incentives, the procedure for applying liability measures, etc. Corporate rules of law are the result of legal specialization, are established with the aim of concretization and detail, taking into account the uniqueness of specific relations. ; У статті на підставі аналізу доктринальних джерел і положень правових актів розглянуто сутність публічної і корпоративної нормотворчості в трудовому праві Укра-їни. Автором з'ясовано, що проблема удосконалення на-ціонального трудового законодавства кілька десятиліть визначає спрямованість зусиль науковців і практиків. Багато правових норм, які регулюють трудові відносини, приймалися за умов, коли основним роботодавцем висту-пала держава, а правам і свободам учасників трудових відносин не приділялося достатньої уваги. Удосконалення правових актів, якими регулюються трудові відносини, потребує розмежування компетенції суб'єктів нормотвор-чості. Мета статті полягає у визначенні кола компетен-ції суб'єктів публічної і корпоративної нормотворчості і здійснення розмежування їх повноважень у досліджува-ній сфері. У статті розглянуто особливості нормотворчості Президента України, Верховної Ради України, Кабіне-ту Міністрів України, центральних органів виконавчої влади, органів місцевого самоврядування, роботодавців та їх об'єднань, професійних спілок, трудових колекти-вів. Охарактеризовано властивості публічної та корпора-тивної нормотворчості з урахуванням відмінностей між ними. З'ясовано, що завдяки колективним договорам і угодам надається можливість членам громадянсько-го суспільства, роботодавцям і працівникам самостійно встановлювати права і обов'язки, обмежувати втручання держави у сферу, що становить приватний інтерес. Зро-блено висновок, що поряд із державною або централізо-ваною нормотворчістю суб'єктів трудового права існує й корпоративна нормотворчість, суб'єктами якої виступа-ють роботодавці та їх об'єднання, професійні спілки та їх об'єднання, трудові колективи. Автор констатує, що кор-поративні норми заповнюють прогалини в нормативній системі права і мають допоміжний характер. Предметом регулювання корпоративних норм є відносини усереди-ні колективу (встановлення умов праці, заохочення пра-цівників, порядок застосування заходів відповідальності тощо). Корпоративні норми права є результатом правової спеціалізації, встановлюються з метою конкретизації та деталізації, обліку своєрідності конкретних відносин.

STRUCTURALLY-FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC OF RECOVERY TERRITORIES OF THE ECOLOGICAL NETWORK OF UKRAINET. M. KONDRATIUK, PhD studentNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of UkraineAccording to the idea of national ecological network development it is provided to include in its structure along with especially valuable in ecological, scientific, historical and cultural, esthetical and other meanings of the territory, also the territory which economic use is dangerous from the ecological point of view or it is inefficient or economically inexpedient - recovery territories.According to the Law of Ukraine "About ecological network of Ukraine" of June 24, 2004 (further - the Law) the recovery territories - provide forming of spatial integrity of echonetwork for which priority actions on reproduction of primary natural condition will be executed. The recovery territories as spatial elements of echonetwork are created for the purpose of its further development and enhancement of functioning. These zones are a potential allowance of the territories at the expense of which expansion of echonetwork in the future, especially the areas of the main and/or connecting territories is possible. These are the territories in which it is necessary and possible to recover a natural plant cover and perform repatriation of types of plants and animals. It is determined under certain conditions, the recovery territory after holding the relevant activities for renaturalization can be included in structure of the main and/or connecting territories or turn into them.According to Item 4 of Art. 16 of the Law the list of the recovery territories of echonetwork includes the territories representing the broken lands, degraded and unproductive lands and lands which were affected by negative processes and spontaneous phenomena, other territories which are important from the point of view of forming of spatial integrity echonetwork.The legislation on forming of ecological network connects the recovery territories with preservation and renaturalization of lands. In the Program of forming of ecological network "preservation of lands" it is used in such meaning - it is removal from economic circulation (agricultural or industrial) lands for a certain term for implementation of actions for recovery of fertility and ecologically satisfactory condition of soils and also for establishment or return (recovery) lost ecological equilibrium in the specific region.In the bill of Ukraine about "Preservation of lands" authors determine renaturalization of lands as transformation degraded, unproductive and technogenically contaminated land in natural biogeocenoses.It is obvious that preservation and renaturalization are legal forms of recovery of lands. However, process of preservation of lands is way to their renaturalization. But, not all broken lands degraded and unproductive lands join in the recovery territories of echonetwork.Selection criteria of the recovery territories are: degree of naturalness of the territories; safety of habitats; possibility of carrying out renaturalization of actions; compliance of the main or connecting territories; benefit of ecological function over economic.Because the legislation on ecological network didn't provide change of a legal regime of the territories in case of their inclusion in the recovery territories of ecological network, the lands of the corresponding category in case of their reference to these territories will be subject to the same legal regime which is determined concerning them in the Land code of Ukraine.

Статтю присвячено висвітленню систем координат, що склалися під впливом правових особливостей застосування випереджувальної інформації у вигляді орієнтування, яке скеровується правоохоронними органами України на адресу митниць Державної фіскальної служби України з метою проведення посадовими особами митниць митного огляду товарів при їх митному оформленні та товарів, що переміщуються через митний кордон України чи митною територією України платниками податків, які здійснюють зовнішньоекономічну діяльність. ; Статья посвящена освещению систем координат, которые сформировались под воздействием правовых особенностей применения предупредительной информации в виде ориентировок, которые направляются правоохранительными органами Украины в адрес таможен Государственной фискальной службы Украины с целью проведениях должностными лицами таможен таможенного досмотра товаров при их таможенном оформлении, а также товаров, перемещаемых через таможенную границу Украины или таможенной территорией Украины плательщиками налогов, которые осуществляют внешнеэкономическую деятельность. ; The article is devoted to the coverage of defined frames of references, developed under the influence of legal application features of warning information in the form of suggestion which are forwarded to customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine by law enforcement authorities of Ukraine for the purpose of carrying out the custom examination of goods on their custom registration by officers of custom houses; goods which are moved across the customs border of Ukraine and along customs territory of Ukraine by tax payers carrying out international economic activity.The present article provides the legal analysis of definitions «suggestion», «risk indicator», «risk profile».Based on analysis of current legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair it is found that the suggestion – it is the information about people and/or vehicles, with the aid of which offenses of the legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair may be committed, and the information about goods that may be objects of an offense, which was created independently by customs authorities as a result of analytical work or was received by the customs authorities. It is found that a goal of the suggestion is detection, prevention and suspension of offences of the legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair, and no allowance of release for free circulation of goods in the customs territory of Ukraine with offenses of the legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair.It is also proved that directing by law enforcement authorities to authorities of incomes and fees, which are the customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, information about offenses of order of foreign goods transference with the subsequent requirement of customs examination of these goods by customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine is one of the forms of cooperation between law enforcement authorities and authorities of incomes and fees.Taking the results of the research into account, the author notes that the decision on the use of certain customs formalities (forms of control) is realized only on the grounds of actualizing lists of risk indicators – criteria with in advance specified parameters, using of which gives an opportunity to choose the object of control which is a risk.The author concludes that the suggestion directed by law enforcement authorities of Ukraine to the customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine does not always have reasonable grounds for the customs examination of goods which are transporting through the customs border of Ukraine. It leads to less effective decision-makings by officials of customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine that usually end with a zero result during a customs examination of goods initiated by law enforcement authorities. Herewith, the resources of customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine are spent, the customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine staff is personally responsible for the violation of legality during the determination of forms and volume of customs control, time norms introduced by legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair for realization of customs formalities are groundlessly violated and a certain negative public outcry is formed.In addition, the attention is focused on the fact that the customs officer of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, deciding on the application of additional customs formalities on the base of lists of risk indicators, should take into account commitments of the Government of Ukraine within the framework of the EU Sector Budget Support Program of customs examinations not more than 5 % of customs declarations.

The article is devoted to the coverage of defined frames of references, developed under the influence of legal application features of warning information in the form of suggestion which are forwarded to customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine by law enforcement authorities of Ukraine for the purpose of carrying out the custom examination of goods on their custom registration by officers of custom houses; goods which are moved across the customs border of Ukraine and along customs territory of Ukraine by tax payers carrying out international economic activity.The present article provides the legal analysis of definitions «suggestion», «risk indicator», «risk profile».Based on analysis of current legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair it is found that the suggestion – it is the information about people and/or vehicles, with the aid of which offenses of the legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair may be committed, and the information about goods that may be objects of an offense, which was created independently by customs authorities as a result of analytical work or was received by the customs authorities. It is found that a goal of the suggestion is detection, prevention and suspension of offences of the legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair, and no allowance of release for free circulation of goods in the customs territory of Ukraine with offenses of the legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair.It is also proved that directing by law enforcement authorities to authorities of incomes and fees, which are the customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, information about offenses of order of foreign goods transference with the subsequent requirement of customs examination of these goods by customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine is one of the forms of cooperation between law enforcement authorities and authorities of incomes and fees.Taking the results of the research into account, the author notes that the decision on the use of certain customs formalities (forms of control) is realized only on the grounds of actualizing lists of risk indicators – criteria with in advance specified parameters, using of which gives an opportunity to choose the object of control which is a risk.The author concludes that the suggestion directed by law enforcement authorities of Ukraine to the customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine does not always have reasonable grounds for the customs examination of goods which are transporting through the customs border of Ukraine. It leads to less effective decision-makings by officials of customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine that usually end with a zero result during a customs examination of goods initiated by law enforcement authorities. Herewith, the resources of customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine are spent, the customs houses of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine staff is personally responsible for the violation of legality during the determination of forms and volume of customs control, time norms introduced by legislation of Ukraine on state customs affair for realization of customs formalities are groundlessly violated and a certain negative public outcry is formed.In addition, the attention is focused on the fact that the customs officer of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, deciding on the application of additional customs formalities on the base of lists of risk indicators, should take into account commitments of the Government of Ukraine within the framework of the EU Sector Budget Support Program of customs examinations not more than 5 % of customs declarations. ; Статья посвящена освещению систем координат, которые сформировались под воздействием правовых особенностей применения предупредительной информации в виде ориентировок, которые направляются правоохранительными органами Украины в адрес таможен Государственной фискальной службы Украины с целью проведениях должностными лицами таможен таможенного досмотра товаров при их таможенном оформлении, а также товаров, перемещаемых через таможенную границу Украины или таможенной территорией Украины плательщиками налогов, которые осуществляют внешнеэкономическую деятельность. ; Статтю присвячено висвітленню систем координат, що склалися під впливом правових особливостей застосування випереджувальної інформації у вигляді орієнтування, яке скеровується правоохоронними органами України на адресу митниць Державної фіскальної служби України з метою проведення посадовими особами митниць митного огляду товарів при їх митному оформленні та товарів, що переміщуються через митний кордон України чи митною територією України платниками податків, які здійснюють зовнішньоекономічну діяльність.

The Digital Age has created new challenges to understanding the rules of intellectual property law in today's context. The purpose of this article is to conduct a qualitative and quantitative systematic review of international scientific databases of humanities and general sciences in the projection of determining the scope and specifics of disclosure of intellectual property rights in research in the context of public relations in the digital space. The analysis of the four digital competence frameworks (Digital Competence Framework for Citizens DigComp 2.1, Microsoft Digital Literacy (ver. 4), Digital Intelligence (DQ) Framework, and UNESCO Global Media and Information Literacy Assessment Framework) revealed that the issue of intellectual property rights in the majority of the frameworks is disclosed superficially, where intellectual property is understood as synonymous with copyright. To determine the prerequisites and methodological approaches to creating the content of such frameworks, we carried out a study of trends in the analysis of intellectual property rights in the context of improving the digital literacy of citizens. According to the results of a systematic review of 93 scientific papers on ERIH PLUS and ScienceDirect databases, we found that interest in intellectual property issues has had a clear tendency to increase in the last five years. However, among the appeals to intellectual property rights, copyright and the general term "intellectual property" prevail. At the same time, the scale of references is mostly limited to mentions. Moreover, studies have insufficient multidisciplinarity or low quality of interdisciplinary connections. In the scientific context of research, the papers reveal purely pedagogical issues in the vast majority; fewer studies contain the predominant aspects of socio-economic, legal, engineering, philosophical, and psychological issues. We determined that increasing the interdisciplinarity of research, considering existing legislation and current proposals for its ...