Suchergebnisse

S razvojem tehnologije i ulaskom u globalno doba dolazi do potrebe za izmjenama i unutar knjižnica kao stupova društva. Knjižnice su s izmjenama u informacijskoj, komunikacijskoj i prije svega u tehnološkoj sferi zahtijevale brzu prilagodbu novu načinu rada. Digitalizacija knjižnične građe koja se obrađuje u radu dugotrajan je i financijski i stručno zahtjevan proces koji treba doprinijeti poboljšanju rada knjižnica, pomoći korisnicima, poboljšati informacijsko opismenjavanje te potaknuti niz drugih čimbenika. Znanstvena zajednica, ali i šira društvena zajednica, s procesom digitalizacije imala bi veći pristup informacijama, a time i mogućnost usvajanja većega znanja. Da bismo govorili o procesu digitalizacije i njegovim prednostima, moramo prvo razlikovati pojmove poput digitalne knjižnice, hibridne knjižnice i elektroničke knjižnice, što ovaj rad i prikazuje. Bez potpora vlada, međunarodnih organizacija i raznih drugih pokrovitelja knjižnice ne mogu postati spoj kulture, obrazovanja, znanosti i cjelokupnoga razvoja. Kroz pregled povijesnoga nastanka i razvoja digitalnih knjižnica možemo uočiti da su najvećim dijelom digitalizirana djela prije 20. stoljeća, a jedan od uzroka tomu je autorsko pravo koje onemogućava digitalizaciju djela 20. i 21. stoljeća bez autorova pristanka. Rad navodi niz prednosti digitalizacije knjižnične građe od očuvanja intelektualnoga sadržaja, smanjivanja mehaničkoga oštećenja, uštede prostora, povećanja dostupnosti građe, učestalosti korištenja građe itd. Da bi se građa digitalizirala, autori prema nizu različitih stručnjaka navode koji su to elementi koje treba uzeti u obzir prilikom postupka digitalizacije. Djela siročad, djela bez autora, najveći su problem u procesu digitalizacije i procesu stvaranja digitalnih knjižnica. Direktiva koja je donesena na razini Europske unije vezana za ova djela još uvijek nije usvojena iako bi doprinijela postupku digitalizacije i dostupnosti takvih djela. Dio rada govori i o pojmu e-knjige, njezinu nastanku, definiranju, prednostima, ali i nedostatcima te formalnim i intelektualnim obilježjima e-knjige. Istraživački dio rada govori o trima velikim projektima digitalizacije na svjetskoj razini: o projektu Gutenberg, Million Book i Google Books. Kroz ove projekte započeo je velik projekt masovne digitalizacije knjižnične građe. Motiv ovih projekata bio je omogućavanje dostupnosti građe i informacija korisnicima. ; With the technological development and having entered the global age we are faced with a need to change the libraries too, libraries as the pillars of the society. Considering the changes in the information, communication and above all technological sphere there was a need for the libraries for a quick adjustment to the new ways of working. Digitalization of library archives, which is discussed in this paper, is a long and financially and professionally engaging process that is supposed to contribute to the efficiency of the libraries, help the users, advance information knowledge and prompt a number of other factors. Through the digitalization process the scientific community, as well as society as a whole, would have a larger information access, meaning possibility of acquiring more knowledge. In order to speak of the digitalization process and its advantages, we should first differenciate between the terms like digital library, hybrid library and electronic library, which this paper offers an overview of. Without the help of governments, international organizations and various other sponsors libraries cannot become an important factor in culture, education, science and overal development. Looking through the overview of historical development of the digital libraries, we can notice that it is mostly 20th ct. works that are digitalized. One of the reasons is the copyright that prevents digitalization of the 20th and 21st ct. works without the author's consent. The paper enumerates a number of advantages of the digitalization of library archives like intelectual content protection, smaller mechanical damages, space saving, larger access to the materials, frequency of usage of the archives,etc. According to a number of experts, the authors of this paper state the elements that should be taken into consideration in order to digitalize the archives. Orphan works, works without an author, are the largest problem in the digitalization process and the process of making digital libraries. A directive made at the level of EU is still not implemented although it would contribute to the digitalization process and availability of such works. A part of this paper is also about the term e-book, its etymology, definition, advantages and disadvantages, as well as about formal and intelectual properties of an e-book. The reseach part of the paper focuses onto three large digitalization processes in the world: Gutenberg project, Million Book and Google Books. These projects initiated the project of mass digitalization of the library archives. The motiv of these projects was to enable the users to have access to the archives and information.

Giuseppina Martinuzzi (Labin, 1844. – Labin, 1925.), labinska pedagoginja, učiteljica, pjesnikinja, društvena i politička djelatnica, u oporuci napisanoj 1897. godine izrazila je želju da svoju ostavštinu, sastavljenu od mnoštva knjiga, novina, mapa, bilježnica i rukopisa objedinjenih u Knjižnicu Giovanni Antonia Martinuzzi, nakon smrti ostavi rodnom gradu Labinu. Nakon Giuseppinine je smrti 1925. godine njenoj želji udovoljeno te je Knjižnica ostala u Labinu, ali krajem Drugoga svjetskog rata, zbog neadekvatnih uvjeta čuvanja, dio je ostavštine premješten u današnju Sveučilišnu knjižnicu u Rijeci, a dio je ostao u Labinu. Godine 1961. labinski je dio pohranjen u Narodnom muzeju Labin i tu je ostao do današnjega dana. Na inicijativu Narodnoga muzeja Labin i Grada Labina te uz pristanak Sveučilišne knjižnice u Rijeci 2018. godine Ministarstvu kulture RH upućen je zahtjev za povratom riječkoga dijela Giuseppinine ostavštine u Labin, čemu je udovoljeno u srpnju 2019. godine. Građa iz Sveučilišne knjižnice u Rijeci, sastavljena od mapa različitih sadržaja, prenesena je u Narodni muzej Labin u studenom 2019. godine te je time Knjižnica Giovanni Antonia Martinuzzi ponovno dobila svoj izvorni oblik i postala cjelina kakvom ju je formirala Giuseppina Martinuzzi. ; Giuseppina Martinuzzi (Labin, 1844 – Labin, 1925), Labin-born pedagogue, schoolteacher, poet, social and political worker, expressed in her will in 1897 a desire to leave her material legacy, composed of a large number of books, newspapers, maps, notebooks and manuscripts all forming the Giovanni Antonia Martinuzzi Library, to her hometown of Labin. After Giuseppina's death in 1925, her wish was granted and the library remained in Labin, but at the end of World War II, due to inadequate storage conditions, part of the library was moved to today's University Library in Rijeka, while the other part remained in Labin. In 1961, the Labin holdings were moved to the Labin National Museum and have remained there to this day. At the initiative of the National Museum of Labin and the City of Labin and with the consent of the University Library in Rijeka, a request was sent to the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Croatia in 2018 to return the Rijeka portion of Giuseppina's library to Labin, which was granted in July 2019. The material from the University Library in Rijeka, composed of folders holding various contents, was transferred to the National Museum of Labin in November 2019, so that the Giovanni Antonia Martinuzzi Library regained its original form and became a whole as originally envisioned by Giuseppina Martinuzzi. ; Giuseppina Martinuzzi (Albona, 1844 – Albona, 1925.), pedagoga, maestra, poetessa, operatrice sociale e politica, con volontà testamentaria del 1897 espresse il desiderio che dopo la sua morte il suo lascito, composto da molti libri, giornali, mappe, quaderni e manoscritti raccolti nella Biblioteca Giovanni Antonia Martinuzzi, venisse consegnato alla sua città natia. In effetti dopo la morte di Giuseppina, avvenuta nel 1925, il suo desiderio fu esaudito e la sua Biblioteca fu collocata ad Albona. Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, a causa delle inadeguate condizioni di conservazione, una parte del suo lascito fu trasferita nell'odierna Biblioteca universitaria di Fiume, mentre l'altra rimase ad Albona. Nel 1961 la parte rimasta ad Albona fu consegnata al Museo popolare di Albona, dove tuttora si trova. Su iniziativa del menzionato Museo nonché della Città di Albona e con il benestare della Biblioteca universitaria di Fiume nel 2018 fu inoltrata al Ministero alla cultura della Repubblica di Croazia la richiesta di restituzione ad Albona della parte fiumana del lascito di Giuseppina, e questa fu accolta nel luglio 2019. La documentazione custodita presso la Biblioteca universitaria di Fiume, composta da mappe di contenuti diversi, fu trasportata al Museo popolare di Albona nel novembre 2019 e in tal modo la Biblioteca Giovanni Antonia Martinuzzi acquistò nuovamente la sua forma originaria e ridiventò quell'insieme che Giuseppina Martinuzzi aveva creato.

The paper presents and analyses the laws and other legal documents as well as standards, guidelines and codes of library profession related to the local history collection creation and development at the public library. The Croatian laws on electronic media and copyright are also analysed because the paper describes the case study of audio materials which were created as part of the radio program of the local radio station. Such materials are local in nature and therefore surely belong to the local history library collection. Since this type of material is not directly regulated in legislation, the paper offers a starting point for such cases to be included in public libraries local history collections. The case study shows the destiny of radio program named U četiri ćoška by Ivan Herman which was aired on the Croatian Radio Županja. ; Rad prikazuje i analizira zakonske i podzakonske akte te standarde, smjernice i pravilnike knjižničarske struke koji se odnose na osnivanje i izgradnju zavičajne zbirke u narodnoj knjižnici. Također, komentiraju se i hrvatski zakoni o elektroničkim medijima i o autorskom pravu jer rad sadržava i studiju slučaja koja se bavi audiograđom, i to onom koja nastaje kao dio radijskoga programa lokalne radijske stanice, a ima visoku odliku zavičajnosti prema kojoj pripada zavičajnoj zbirci. S obzirom na to da takva vrsta građe nije izravno regulirana zakonskim propisima, rad donosi prijedloge rješenja takvih slučaja u korist obogaćivanja fonda zavičajne zbirke narodne knjižnice. Studija slučaja prikazuje sudbinu radijskih emisija Ivana Hermana U četiri ćoška koje su se emitirale na Hrvatskom radiju Županji.Rad prikazuje i analizira zakonske i podzakonske akte te standarde, smjernice i pravilnike knjižničarske struke koji se odnose na osnivanje i izgradnju zavičajne zbirke u narodnoj knjižnici. Također, komentiraju se i hrvatski zakoni o elektroničkim medijima i o autorskom pravu jer rad sadržava i studiju slučaja koja se bavi audiograđom, i to onom koja nastaje kao dio radijskoga programa lokalne radijske stanice, a ima visoku odliku zavičajnosti prema kojoj pripada zavičajnoj zbirci. S obzirom na to da takva vrsta građe nije izravno regulirana zakonskim propisima, rad predstavlja polazište u rješavanju takvih slučaja u korist obogaćivanja fonda zavičajne zbirke narodne knjižnice. Studija slučaja prikazuje sudbinu radijskih emisija Ivana Hermana U četiri ćoška koje su se emitirale na Hrvatskom radiju Županji.

U radu autor prikazuje povijest časopisa Knjiga i čitaoci, koji je bio namijenjen knjižnicama u Hrvatskoj. Kako su glavni prilozi u časopisu bili popisi novih knjiga u knjižnicama te prikazi odabranih novih naslova, časopis je imao izuzetno veliku ulogu u politici nabave novih knjiga za knjižnice. U dvanaest godina postojanja časopis je u popisima novih knjiga naveo svega desetak knjiga koje su sadržavale temu kršćanske vjere, a neke od tih knjiga napisali su marksisti. Uredništvo časopisa postavilo je kao uzor svakome knjižničaru vođu Oktobarske revolucije Vladimir Iljiča Lenjina, koji je smatrao da knjižnica ne vrijedi onoliko koliko ima starih i rijetkih knjiga, nego koliko ima knjiga koje promiču ideje boljševičke revolucije. Stoga je časopis zagovarao "socijalističkog bibliotekara", knjižničara koji pomoću knjiga promiče ideje socijalističke revolucije. Izdavanje časopisa pokrenuo je 1967. Savez ustanova i organizacija za širenje knjige SRH pri Prosvjetnom saboru SRH, od 1968. suizdavač je Društvo bibliotekara Hrvatske, od 1970. jedini je izdavač DBH, koje je 1971. promijenilo ime u Hrvatsko bibliotekarsko društvo. U prve dvije godine izlaženja ključnu ulogu u uređivanju časopisa ima je Vinko Lalić, tajnik Saveza ustanova i organizacija za širenje knjige SRH, kasnije su glavnu ulogu preuzeli knjižničar Knjižnice Božidara Adžije Mijo Haramina i Dubravko Štiglić, knjižničar Gradske knjižnice u Zagrebu. U završnom dijelu članka autor navodi niz knjiga koje je u razdoblju od 1967. do 1979. objavilo Hrvatsko književno društvo sv. Ćirila i Metoda, a o izlasku kojih je propustio obavijestiti knjižnice časopis Knjiga i čitaoci. ; In this paper, the author presents the history of the Journal Knjiga i čitaoci (Book and Readers), intended for libraries in Croatia. As the main additions to the Journal were the lists of new books in libraries and description of selected new titles, the Journal had an extremely important role in the policy of the library's new acquisitions. In the twelve years of Journal's existence, in the lists of new books, the Journal has listed only a dozen books which addressed the topic of Christian faith, and some of these books were written by Marxists. The editorial board of the Journal considered the leader of October Revolution, Vladimir Ilich Lenin, a role model for every librarian, as he believed that the value of libraries was not the number of old and rare books they hold, but rather the number of books which promote the idea of Bolshevik Revolution. That is why the Journal advocated a "socialist librarian" – a librarian who promotes the ideas of the socialist revolution through books. Publication of the Journal started in 1967. "Savez ustanova i organizacija za širenje knjige SRH" (Institutes and Organizations for Book Popularization Association of SRH), with "Prosvjetni sabor SRH" (The Education Council of SRH), Association of Croatian Librarians has been the co-publisher since 1968, and the sole publisher since 1970 was DBH, which, in 1971, changed its name to the Croatian Library Association. In the first two years of publishing, Vinko Lalić – secretary of the Association of Institutes and Organizations for Book Popularization of SRH, held the key role in Journal editing, followed by librarians from the Zagreb City Libraries - Božidar Adžija, Mijo Haramina and Dubravko Štiglić. In the final part of the article, the author lists several books published by "Hrvatsko književno društvo sv. Ćirila i Metoda " (Croatian Literary Association of St. Cyril and Methodius) in the period from 1967 to 1979, about which the libraries were not informed.

Cilj rada je analizirati prostornu distribuciju knjižnične djelatnosti u Republici Hrvatskoj. U tu svrhu, predstavljena je struktura mreže knjižnica u RH, navedena je hijerarhija knjižničnih centara (općina i gradova koje imaju knjižnicu) te je analizirana razvijenost knjižnične djelatnosti i korištenost samih knjižnica kroz odabrane pokazatelje. Također, napravljena je usporedba razvijenosti knjižnica prema makroregijama, županijama i jedinicama lokalne samouprave. Nadalje, današnje stanje uspoređeno je sa stanjem iz 1990. godine. Prikupljeni podaci obrađeni su metodama analize, sinteze i komparativnom metodom te su prikazani grafičkim i kartografskim metodama prikazivanja podataka. Na temelju provedene analize, može se konstatirati kako je mreža narodnih knjižnica u Hrvatskoj relativno dobro razvijena, no još uvijek postoje prostori u kojima ima mjesta za razvoj. ; The aim of this paper is to analyze the spatial distribution of libraries in the Republic of Croatia. To this end, the structure of the library network in the Republic of Croatia and the hierarchy of library centers (municipalities and cities that have a library) is presented, while the development of libraries and its usage are analyzed through selected indicators. A comparison of the development of libraries has been made according to macro-regions, counties and local government units. Furthermore, the current situation has been compared to the state of the library system in 1990. The collected data is analyzed and presented using graphical and cartographic methods. Based on the conducted analysis, it can be stated that the network of public libraries in Croatia is relatively well developed, but there are still some areas where further development can be implemented.

U Varaždinu je između dvaju svjetskih ratova postojala intenzivna knjižnična djelatnost. Većina značajnijih knjižnica bila je zatvorenog tipa, a djelovale su u sklopu različitih varaždinskih društava. Društva Narodna čitaonica, Jugoslavensko akademsko društvo "Tomislav" i Radničko prosvjetno-kulturno društvo "Sloboda" u međuratnom razdoblju imali su knjižnice te su putem knjiga, novina, časopisa, predavanja i ostalih aktivnosti marljivo radili na širenju kulture i prosvjećivanju Varaždinaca. Kako bi knjige, novine te časopisi postali dostupni i širim društvenim slojevima, početkom 1919. godine osnovana je Gradska pučka knjižnica zahvaljujući inicijativi Gradskoga poglavarstva, Narodne čitaonice i Jugoslavenskog akademskog društva "Tomislav". Štoviše, neko vrijeme nakon završetka II. svjetskog rata upravo je ujedinjenjem knjižne imovine međuratne Gradske pučke knjižnice, Narodne čitaonice i Radničkog kulturno-umjetničkog društva "Sloboda" nastala nova institucija imena Knjižnica i čitaonica "Sloboda". ; In Varaždin, the period between the two world wars was marked by intense activities involving libraries. The majority of significant libraries were closed stack libraries functioning within various Varaždin societies. During the interwar period the National Reading Room, Yugoslav Academic Society "Tomislav" and Workers' Educational and Cultural Society "Sloboda" had their own libraries, and through books, newspapers, magazines, lectures and other activities they worked diligently on broadening the culture and education in Varaždin. In order to make books, newspapers and magazines accessible to all society layers the Public Town Library was founded at the beginning of the 19th century due to the initiative of the Town Government, National Reading Room and Yugoslav Academic Society "Tomislav". Moreover, some time after the end of the Second World War library items belonging to the Public Town Library, National Reading Room and Workers' Educational and Cultural Society "Sloboda" functioning in the interwar period, were merged for the purpose of founding a new institution named Library and Reading Room "Sloboda".

Rad prikazuje okolnosti u kojima se prikupljala stručna literatu­ra na Odjelu "Muzej ninskih starina" u Ninu. Proces prikupljanja kronološki je podijeljen u dvije faze. Prva faza obrađuje period od 60-ih godina 20. stoljeća do 1996., a zbog manjkavih arhivskih podataka velikim dijelom počiva na pretpostavkama. Drugu fazu, tj. period od 1997. do 2019., karakterizira evidentiranje knjižnične građe (stručne literature) po određenim pravilima i način njezina pristizanja u Nin. Nadalje, u radu je istaknut doprinos stručnog muzejskog osoblja, posebno kustosa, u prikupljanju stručne lite­rature potrebne za stručni te znanstveno-istraživački rad i njezino pohranjivanje. Prikazan je i postupak selekcije zatečene knjižnič­ne građe (monografije, periodika, separati i deplijani) u Ninu kao preduvjet tehničkoj i stručnoj obradi, u želji da postane i javno dostupna 2019. Sadržajna analiza provedena je na cjelokupnom knjižničnom fondu. S obzirom na potrebe stručnog osoblja Mu­zeja za stručnom literaturom, prikazana je zastupljenost arheolo­gije i drugih srodnih područja (povijest, povijest umjetnosti i sl.). Sadržajna struktura novoformirane knjižnične zbirke na Odjelu "Muzej ninskih starina" svojevrstan je dokaz o dobro provođenoj nabavnoj politici u nekoliko prethodnih desetljeća, za koju su za­služni kustosi, tj. djelatnici Odjela "Muzej ninskih starina" u Ninu. ; The paper presents circumstances in which professional litera­ture at the Department of the Musum of Nin Antiquities in Nin was collected. The process of collecting was chronologically divided into two phases. The first phase deals with the period from the 1960s to 1996. It is largely based on assumptions due to deficient archival informations. The second phase (from 1997 to 2019) is characterized by recording library materials (profes­sional literature) in accordance with certain rules and manner of its acquisition for the Nin museum. Further on the contribution of the museum staff, in particular the curators, was emphasized in the paper, in collecting and storing the professional literature necessary for professional and scientific-research work. The pro­cedure of selecting existing library materials (monographs, pe­riodicals, offprints, leaflets) was also presented as a prerequisite for technical and professional processing, with an aim of making it publicly available in 2019. Content analysis was performed on the entire library holdings. Considering the needs of the profes­sional staff of the museum for professional literature, number of works dealing with archaeology and other related fields (history, art history etc.) was determined. Content structure of the newly formed library collection at the Department of the Museum of Nin Antiquities is a kind of evidence of well conducted procure­ment policy in previous decades for which all credit goes to the curators, in other words staff of the Department of the Museum of Nin Antiquities in Nin.

Zaštita kulturnoga dobra u izvanrednim situacijama provodi se u različitim područjima te ovisi o nizu informacija i postupaka koji ne nastaju isključivo unutar područja kulture. Različite dionike i postupke povezuju dokumentacija i dokumentiranje, a to su ujedno temeljni aspekti poslovanja AKM ustanova (arhivi, knjižnice i muzeji). Induktivnom analizom literature međunarodnih smjernica i hrvatskoga pravnoga okvira u ovom je radu analizirana uloga dokumentacije i preporučeni modeli dokumentiranja u izvanrednim situacijama. Zaključeno je da je uloga dokumentiranja u izvanrednim situacijama prepoznata kao važna, ali nedostatno raščlanjena te da su pojedini aspekti, poput dokumentiranja digitalnoga kulturnoga dobra tijekom izvanredne situacije, zanemareni. U završnom dijelu rada izdvojena su područja u kojima je potrebno provesti daljnja istraživanja. ; Creation and preservation of active and passive documentation are important activities embedded in the daily workflow of libraries, archives and museums (ALM). Also, documentation and documenting are integral parts of crisis management in the same context and important aspect of preventive conservation. The paper presents results of literary warrant analysis of relevant intrasectoral guidelines created by the following international organizations: International Council on Archives (ICA), International Council on Museums (ICOM), International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) and International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). Since Croatian ALM institutions operate within a legislative framework in which various regulations determine and prescribe professional actions this aspect was considered as well. The goal of the analysis was to detect types of documentation, models of documentation, the role and purpose of documentation in the context of preparation and response to an emergency. Furthermore, the objective was to analyse and critically reflect on the issue of documentation in crisis and emergency conceptualized in guidelines of abovementioned international organizations and prescribed by Croatian legislative regulations. For the purposes of the paper the pre- and post- crisis documentation was divided a) according to the creation period (i.e. documentation created before crisis, during/immediately after crisis and after crisis in recovery period) and b) according to the type and business function (i.e. professional and administrative-technicaldocumentation). Common trait to all international guidelines was the importance of planning documenting activities within the general plan for preparation on crisis situations as well as the emphasis on the need for standardized, accurate, reliable, available and reusable documentation. Since analysed guidelines from ICA, ICOM and ICA originate from similar time periods they reflect similar worldview and compared with more recent ICCROM recommendation lack in details. Lack of documentation (both pre- and post- crisis) is a widely accepted risk factor. Croatian legislation system, beside early ratification of the Hague protocols (which was enhanced by the damages on cultural heritage during Homeland War in 1990s) recognize importance of accurate and detailed inventories and lists of protected cultural goods, but at the same time lack in recognizing the importance of documenting the crisis as recommended in international guidelines. General lack of recognition is noticed in the area of documenting the digital cultural heritage in crisis, or even the issue of cybersecurity connected with digital cultural heritage as such. Finally, this study detects possible further areas of research which might include among others: use of archival historical data in analysis of past and model of simulation of future crisis, case analysis of documentation management during crisis, studies of institutional implementation of guidelines and recommendations, testing new technologies as support in documentation efforts and analysis of legal and business consequences in cases when documentation was not accurate, reliable or available during the crisis preparation and response. 

1948. bila je prijelomna godina za jugoslavensko-američke odnose i američku vanjsku politiku prema Jugoslaviji. Nakon razlaza sa Staljinom, američka administracija formulirala je "strategiju klina" u svrhu održavanja Tita "na površini" te, osim ekonomske i vojne pomoći, pokrenula niz kulturnih programa namijenjenih približavanju Jugoslavije Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama. Članak analizira aktivnosti kao i kulturnu i intelektualnu atraktivnost Američke čitaonice u Zagrebu u jeku Hladnog rata kao dio američke javne i kulturne diplomacije. Nastao je na temelju usmenog intervjua te je popraćen međunarodnim arhivskim istraživanjem (National Archives at College Park i University of Arkansas Library, SAD; Arhiv Jugoslavije, Arhiv Josipa Broza Tita i Historijski arhiv grada Beograda, Beograd; Hrvatski državni arhiv, Zagreb; te Roosevelt Institute for American Studies Microfilm Collection). Autorica tvrdi da je kroz djelatnosti čitaonice, programe kulturnih razmjena, radio Glas Amerike, američkih paviljona na Zagrebačkom i Beogradskom velesajmu, kao i preko kulturnih gostovanja, američka vlada uspješno vezala jugoslavenski kulturni prostor za zapadne, američke trendove i tendencije. Kroz perspektivu osobnog svjedoka, direktorice United States Information Servicea (USIS) Zagreb, autorica izlaže uspjehe, granice i prostore pregovaranja američke javne diplomacije (public diplomacy) kao validnog instrumenta američke vanjske politike prema Titovoj Jugoslaviji. ; 1948 was a breakthrough year for the Yugoslav-American bilateral relations and the US foreign policy towards Yugoslavia. After the Tito-Stalin split, the US administration conceived a "wedge strategy" to "keep Tito afloat" and, besides economic and military aid, launched a series of cultural programs aimed at bringing Yugoslavia closer to the United States. The article analyzes the activities as well as the cultural and intellectual attractiveness of the American Library Zagreb at the height of the Cold War as part of the US public diplomacy strategy in socialist Yugoslavia. Based on an oral interview, the article relies on international archival research at the National Archives at College Park and the University of Arkansas Library, USA, the Yugoslav Archives, Josip Broz Tito's Archives, Belgrade's Historical Archives, Belgrade, the Croatian State Archives, and the Roosevelt Institute for American Studies Microfilm Collection. The author argues that through the library activities, the cultural exchange programs, the Voice of America, and the American pavilions at the Zagreb and Belgrade Fair, as well as through cultural visits, the US government successfully linked the Yugoslav cultural space to Western, American trends and tendencies. Through the perspective of a witness, the United States Information Service (USIS) director in Zagreb, the author presents the successes, boundaries and negotiating spaces of the US public diplomacy as a valid instrument of US foreign policy towards Tito's Yugoslavia.

The history of the Order of Saint Augustine in Rijeka links the city and its region with Central Europe – more particularly to Bavaria, Bohemia, Austria, Slovenia and Italy. Unfortunately, the past of the Augustinian convent of St. Jerome is mostly unknown. The Order of St. Augustine was in fact the first religious community in Rijeka. The monastery, founded by the noble families of Devin and Walsee, existed from the 14th century till 1788, when it was dissolved by Joseph II. The archive suffered two main disasters: in 1509, when the Venetians partially destroyed it, and in 1788, the year of its closure. The Augustinian archive remained partially in the State Archives in Rijeka, but the largest part of its precious holdings was displaced. However, part of the archive disappeared. Cimiotti-Steimberg, a historian from Rijeka, speaks of that fact as incuria et vandalismus (negligence and vandalism). Part of the convent's archive returned to Croatia during the 19th century, but the Hungarian politics of centralization, led by Khuen-Héderváry, displaced again the Augustinian documents to Budapest. Finally, the 1958 restitution replaced the holdings back to Croatia. We can only partially assess the content of the archival holdings because many sources mention inventories, registries and urbaria that the convent in Rijeka once possessed. After its dissolution, the documents of a number of Augustinian fraternities disappeared. The most important of them was the Fraternity of Immaculate Conception, that convened in the Augustinian chapel and whose members were some of the most important citizens from Rijeka. The most important contribution to the archive of the Augustinian convent took place in 1958, when the Augustinian books and documents were restituted from Budapest. They have been kept in the State Archives in Rijeka ever since. The most important source preserved in Rijeka is Protocollum conventus Fluminensis Ordinis eremitarum s. patri Augustini ad s. Hieronymum. It was made by the Austrian Augustinian provincial Joseph Achinger, who in 1704 made an inventory of the archive of the Convent of St. Jerome. A smaller part of the archival holdings is preserved in the State Archives in Zagreb. It is not clear how the 16th century cartulary from the Augustinian Convent in Rijeka ended up in the University Library in Vienna. This Diplomatarium monasterii sancti Hieronimi ordinis eremitarum sancti Augustini in terra Fluminis sancti Viti is a source that still needs to be researched. During the last hundred years of its existence, the Augustinian convent makes part of the Austrian Province that preserved well the archives during the 18th century. It had nominated historians for every convent and documented local history. The historical research of the Convent of St. Jerome in Rijeka requires the knowledge of the Order of Hermits of St. Augustine. They are grouped in provinces that are under the authority of the general prior with a seat in Rome. The Central Archives of the Order in Rome preserve the major part of the correspondence between generals and the provinces. The Austrian National Library in Vienna hosts the archives of the Augustinian Province of Austria since the Augustinians of St. Jerome were part of it from 1669 to 1788. There are manuscripts from Vienna Augustinian convent of St. Sebastian and St. Rocco, mostly records and excerpts from various sources from the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. An important source for the Rijeka Convent is the Codex latinus monacensis 8423 from the Bavarian State Library, which is related to the period from 14th to 16th century, when the convent was part of the Augustinian Province of Bavaria. The work of Rijeka Augustinians can be reconstructed only through historical sources of those provinces, the central Order structures in Rome and the remains of once rich convent archive, parts of which are preserved today in Rijeka, Zagreb and Vienna.