Suchergebnisse

Regulatorni okvir za usluge vodoopskrbe u raznim zemljama Balkana ne osigurava potrebnu razinu samoodrživosti pružanja ovih usluga, pa države traže potrebna poboljšanja. Uprave pružatelja usluga vodoopskrbe obično ukazuju na to da je visina cijene ključna za njihovo poslovanje, uz navođenje kao važne i razine neprihodovane vode, broja i stručnosti zaposlenih, eventualno i naplate potraživanja. Štoviše, i visoke razine neprihodovane vode se često pravdaju postojećom niskom cijenom, za koju se tvrdi da ne može pokriti sve troškove, pa je prva aktivnost koja obično ostaje bez financijskih sredstava redovna obnova i rekonstrukcija mreže, što uzrokuje rast curenja u mreži iz godinu u godinu. Budući da se svako potrebno pokrivanje troškova može osigurati dovoljnim porastom cijene i odgovarajućim stupnjem naplate, uprave vodoopskrbnih poduzeća često ističu da zakonodavstvo EU poziva na "pokrivanje troškova" kao jedno od ključnih načela za određivanje vodnih tarifa. Štoviše, formulacija se često proširuje na "pokrivanje svih troškova", naglašavajući tako da nisu samo operativni troškovi oni koje treba pokriti. No istodobno se vrlo ograničeno ukazuje na ostala ključna načela koja bi zadržala cijenu vode opravdanom i priuštivom. U radu se raspravlja o nekoliko dodatnih načela koje treba poštovati, kao i njihovu vidljivost u pravnom okruženju odabranih zemalja zapadnog Balkana. ; Regulatory framework for water supply services in different Balkan countries does not provide the necessary level of self-sustainability of these services, and they are searching for the needed improvements. Management of water supply service providers usually point out the tariff rates as critical to their operations, together with the level of non-revenue water, staff number and expertise and eventually collection of receivables. Even more, high non-revenue water is often justified with existing low tariff, claiming that it cannot cover all costs and the first activity that is usually left without financial resources is regular renewal and reconstruction of the network, causing real network losses grow year after year. Since any needed costs recovery can be assured with sufficient rise of price and adequate collection rate, water supply managers often underline that the EU legislation requests for "cost recovery" as one of the key principles of tariff setting. Even more, wording is often extended to "full cost recovery", thus stressing that it is not only operational costs to be recovered. But at the same time limited observations are made to other key principles that would keep the tariff justified and affordable. The paper discusses several additional principles to be observed, as well as their visibility within the legal environment of the selected Western Balkan countries.

In the contemporary society, creativity is one of the most desirable abilities which an individual can possess in all the fields of human activity. On the other hand, educational policy and national curriculums marginalize the importance of art subjects in most countries in the world, while the advantage is given to STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, mathematics). Although creativity, according to many educational standards, is one of the key abilities, in teaching practice routine activities are still valued more than creative ones. However, it is the art subjects which develop creativity (constructive) potential within an individual, although this also heavily depends on a teacher/professor, on his/her methodological approach and abilities within the scope of professional activity. Therefore, we conducted empirical research in Visual Arts Teaching Methodology training and non-training primary schools. We expected that we would foster students' development of creativity through regular collaboration with university, problem-based learning of art and artistic language, inventiveness in creating art assignments and through increasing public awareness of harmfulness of stereotypical artistic expression. Among a large number of verified tests of creativity, Urban-Jellen test "The Test for Creative Thinking - Drawing Production (TCT-DP)", which is based on the activity of drawing, was selected and used in this study. We wanted to know whether there was a statistically significant difference between training and non-training schools in students' performance on the test used to examine the level of creativity. The level of statistically significant difference between the control group and the experimental group was determined by a chi-squared test. The research has been carried out in elementary schools in the area of the city of Zagreb, on the sample that included the students of fourth and eighth grade. The results of the research indicate that there is a possible influence of collaboration between the mentors and university professors and students of teacher-training college within the scope of Visual Arts Teaching Methodology course on students' creativity. ; U suvremenom je društvu kreativnost jedna od najpoželjnijih sposobnosti koju pojedinac posjeduje u svim područjima ljudskog djelovanja. S druge strane, obrazovna politika i nacionalni kurikuli u većini zemalja svijeta umjetničke predmete marginaliziraju po važnosti, a prednost se daje STEM (engl. science, technology, engineering, mathematics) disciplinama. Iako je, prema mnogim obrazovnim standardima, kreativnost jedna od ključnih kompetencija u nastavničkoj praksi, i dalje se vrednuju rutinske više nego kreativne aktivnosti. Upravo umjetnički predmeti u obrazovanju razvijaju u pojedincu kreativni (stvaralački) potencijal, ali to uvelike ovisi i o učitelju/nastavniku, o njegovu metodičkom pristupu i kompetencijama u okviru profesionalnog djelovanja. Stoga smo proveli empirijsko istraživanje u mentorskim (za Metodiku likovne kulture) i nementorskim osnovnim školama. Očekivalo se da će se redovitom suradnjom s fakultetom, putem likovnojezične problemske nastav, inventivnosti u osmišljavanju likovnih zadataka i osvještavanjem problematike štetnosti stereotipnog likovnog izražavanja utjecati na razvoj kreativnosti kod učenika. Između većeg broja provjerenih testova kreativnosti, upotrijebljen je Urban - Jellen "The Test for Creative Thinking - Drawing Production (TCT-DP)", koji se temelji na crtačkoj aktivnosti. Zanimalo nas je postoji li statistički značajna razlika između mentorskih i nementorskih škola u rješavanju testa kojim se ispituje stupanj kreativnosti. Stupanj značajnosti razlike između kontrolne i eksperimentalne skupine statistički je utvrđen hi-kvadrat testom. Istraživanje je provedeno u osnovnim školama na području Grada Zagreba, na uzorku koji je obuhvaćao učenike četvrtih i osmih razreda. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na moguć utjecaj suradnje učitelja mentora sa sveučilišnim nastavnicima i studentima učiteljskih studija u okviru Metodike likovne kulture na kreativnost učenika.

Razina ekonomske slobode svake se godine mjeri putem jedinstvene svjetske metodologije. Na taj je način kanadski Fraser Institute razvio sustavni pristup javnim politikama koje utječu na opseg javne potrošnje i državne imovine, visinu glavnih poreza, inflaciju, slobodnu trgovinu, na regulaciju poslovanja, tržišta rada i kredita te ostala mjerena područja. Takav policy okvir može biti koristan za dizajniranje strukturnih prilagodbi kojima se poduzetnike može osloboditi od prekomjernog utjecaja i troška države. Također, smanjivanjem i ograničavanjem uloge države ekonomske slobode doprinose poboljšanju institucionalnog okvira za slobodno tržište. U konačnici, ekonomske slobode usko su vezane uz geopolitiku. ; The level of economic freedom is measured each year through a unique world methodology. This way, Canadian Fraser Institute has developed a systematic approach to public policies which affect the scope of public expenditure and state assets, level of major taxes, inflation, free trade, business regulation, labor and credit market and other measured areas. Such policy framework can be useful for designing structural adjustments by which enterprises could be freed from excessive involvement and cost of government. Moreover, by reducing and limiting the role of government economic freedom contributes the institutional framework for free market. Finally, economic freedom is closely related to geopolitics.

Izrada civilnih topografskih karata tradicionalno nije bila u nadležnosti institucija u Bosni i Hercegovini. Takve karte izrađivane su u Vojno geografskom institutu u Beogradu – vojnoj instituciji Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije. Međutim proizvodnja tzv. osnovnih državnih karata bila je u nadležnosti državnih geodetskih (kartografskih) instituta. Osnovne topografske karte (u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine - FBiH) nisu ažurirane više od 20 godina. Stoga je odlučeno da je umjesto ažuriranja postojećih karata, potrebno izraditi nove topografske karte uz pomoć dostupnih izvora i novih tehnologija. U radu se daje prijedlog za stvaranje nove metodologije izrade osnovne topografske karte u mjerilu 1: 5000 i 1: 10000. Potrebno je naglasiti da je Federalna uprava za geodetske i imovinsko-pravne poslove Bosne i Hercegovine (FGU) inicirala stvaranje osnovnih pretpostavki suvremenog razvoja u području katastra i kartografije donošenjem strategije razvoja katastra i topografskih modela, modela podataka katastra nekretnina i distribucija podataka putem geoportala FGU itd. ; Production of civilian topographic maps is, traditionally, not common in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Such maps were produced by the Military Geographical Institute in Belgrade – military institution of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (ex-YU). However, production of the so-called basic state maps was reserved for civil surveying (cartographic) institutes. Basic topographic maps (in Federation Bosnia and Herzegovina - FB&H) have not been updated for more than 20 years. Due to that fact, it has been concluded that, instead of updating the existing maps, it is necessary to develop new metrology for creating topographic maps by using the available sources and new technologies. This paper provides a proposal for creating a new methodology for developing basic topographic maps at 1:5000 and 1:10000 scales. It is also necessary to emphasise that the Federal Administration for Geodetic and Property Affairs (FGA) initiated the creation of fundamental assumptions for contemporary development in the fields of cadastre and cartography. So, the FGA adopted the development strategies, cadastre and topographic models, established the real estate cadastre database and geoportals, etc.

Prvi iz niza od četiri teksta o odnosu metodologije povijesti političkih ideja i tumačenja, problematiziranom na primjeru Machiavellijeva Vladara, bavi se Leom Straussom. I Straussova metoda i njegovo čitanje Machiavellija snažno su obilježili raspravu koja se o tim temama vodila u drugoj polovini 20. stoljeća. Cilj je teksta pokazati vezu između Straussova metodološkog polazišta i na njemu utemeljene interpretacije. U uvodnom dijelu prvoga teksta razmatra se Straussova metodološka pozicija, najprije s obzirom na svoj općenitiji oblik iznesen u djelu Progoni i umijeće pisanja, a potom i u pogledu njezina specifičnog oblika u kojem je prisutna u studiji posvećenoj upravo Machiavelliju, Misli o Machiavelliju. Središnji dio rada odnosi se na Straussovo tumačenje Vladara. Zaključno se Straussova metodologija i njegova interpretacija Machiavellija suočava s kritikama koje su uputili Quentin Skinner, J. G. A. Pocock i Claude Lefort, trojica autora s čijim ćemo se tumačenjima sučeliti u sljedećim tekstovima. ; the first in a series of four articles on the relation between history of political ideas' methodology and interpretation, discussed on the example of Machiavelli's The Prince, deals with Leo Strauss. Both his method and reading of Machiavelli proved to have a deep impact on the discussion of those themes in the second half of the twentieth century. The aim of the article is to show the connection between Strauss' methodological standpoint and interpretation based on it. In the introductory part of the article I will discuss Strauss' methodological point of view: first in respect of its more abstract version expounded in Persecution and the Art of Writing and then regarding its more specific form developed in his study devoted to Machiavelli himself, Thoughts on Machiavelli. The central part deals with Strauss' interpretation of The Prince. Finally, in the last part Strauss' methodology and his interpretation is confronted with critiques that were formulated by Quentin Skinner, J. G. A. Pocock and Claude Lefort, the three authors with whose methodological standpoints and interpretations of The Prince we will engage in the following articles.

Na temelju uvida u sadržaj rukopisne ostavštine, članaka i monografija Ljudevita Modeca (1844.–1897.), u članku je istražen i obrađen Modecov značaj u povijesti hrvatske pedagogije. Modec je bio prvi moderni hrvatski metodičar. Obrazovao se na preparandiji u Pragu, što mu je omogućilo širenje modernih srednjoeuropskih pedagoških tendencija u brojnim hrvatskim gradovima, naročito u Zagrebu, Petrinji i Osijeku. Posebnost Modecova metodičkog rada očitovala se u tome što je primjenjivao teološki i herbartovski pedagoški pristup, pri čemu se češće opredjeljivao za teološki pristup. Takav pristup prepoznao je kao sredstvo za kvalitetan razvoj individualnog morala. U svojim člancima Modec je najčešće pisao o osobitostima metodike, dok je u monografijama najčešće tumačio metodičku praksu. U ovom članku ukratko su prikazana pedagoška, dakle metodička obilježja njegovih djela. Pritom ističem da je Modec prilikom poučavanja njegovao deduktivni pristup. U svojim tekstovima često je poticao na domoljublje. Uzrok tome bile su povijesno-političke okolnosti u kojima se hrvatski narod nalazio tijekom druge polovice 19. stoljeća (mađarizacija, germanizacija, centralizacija, neoapsolutizam), što je, uostalom, i uzrokovalo njegovo latentno političko usmjerenje prema Starčevićevoj Stranci prava. ; Based on the insight into the manuscripts, articles, and monographs by Ljudevit Modec (1844–1897), this article researches and elaborates on Modec's significance in the history of Croatian pedagogy. Modec was the first Croatian contemporary expert in teaching methodology. His education at a teacher training school in Prague enabled the spread of modern Central European pedagogic tendencies in many Croatian cities, especially in Zagreb, Petrinja, and Osijek. The distinctiveness of Modec's work in teaching methodology manifests in the implementation of a theological and Herbartian pedagogical approach. Between those, he most frequently opted for the theological approach, which he recognised as the means for a finer development of individual morals. In his articles, Modec most frequently wrote about the distinct characteristics of teaching methodology, while his monographs most often interpreted the teaching methodology practice. This article briefly outlines the pedagogical, i.e. teaching methodology characteristics of his works. In so doing, it is important to emphasise that Modec fostered the deductive approach in teaching. In his texts, he often encouraged patriotism. That was due to the political and historical circumstances in Croatia during the second half of the 19th century (Hungarianization, Germanization, centralisation, neo-absolutism), which were also the cause of his latent political tendency towards Starčević's Croatian Party of Rights.

Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati rezultate inovacijske izvedbe zemalja članica Europske unije. Najsveobuhvatniji uvid u inovacijsku izvedbu zemalja daju Globalni indeks inovacija, Bloombergov indeks inovacija i Europska ljestvica uspjeha u inovacijama. Navedeni indeksi imaju različite metodologije izračuna inovacijske izvedbe zemalja, a ovisno o vrsti indeksa i metodologiji zemlje ostvaruju različite rezultate. Komparativna analiza indeksa inovacija pokazala je da su, ovisno o vrsti indeksa i metodologiji izračuna, vodeće zemlje svijeta Švicarska i Južna Koreja, a najinovativnije zemlje članice Europske unije Švedska i Nizozemska. Unatoč tome, prema sva tri indeksa i metodologije, neke zemlje članice Europske unije pokazuju slabu inovacijsku izvedbu, poput Hrvatske, Bugarske i Rumunjske. Komparativna analiza predmetnih indeksa upućuje na najslabije karike ekonomije koje je nužno jačati kako bi se poboljšala razina inovativnosti, a posljedično i konkurentnost, zbog čega su navedeni rezultati smjernice vođenja te definiranja ciljeva, prioriteta i mjera inovacijskih politika. ; The aim of this paper is to show the results of the innovation performance of the member states of the European Union. The most comprehensive insight into the innovation performance of countries is provided by the Global Index of Innovation, the Bloomberg Index of Innovation and the European Innovation Success Scale. These indices have different methodologies for calculating innovation performance of countries, and depending on the type of country index and methodology they produce different results. Comparative analysis of the innovation index has shown that, depending on the type of index and methodology of calculation, the leading countries of the world are Switzerland and South Korea, and the most innovative countries of the European Union are Sweden and the Netherlands. Nevertheless, according to all three indices and methodologies some European Union member states show weak innovation performance, such as Croatia, Bulgaria and Romania. The comparative analysis of the indices in question points to the weakest links of the economy that needs to be strengthened in order to improve the level of innovation and, consequently, competitiveness, which is why the listed results represent guiding and defining principles, guideline priorities and innovation policies measures.

Hrvatsko civilno društvo dugi je niz godina polako, ali sigurno, napredovalo u svojoj viziji i cilju. Ulaskom Hrvatske u Europsku Uniju, akterima civilnog društva otvorile su se nove mogućnosti, kako financiranja, tako i realizacije cijelog niza projekata. Osim toga, novootvorenim mogućnostima financiranja različitih projekata i pridavanjem sve većeg značaja priznavanju vještina i znanja stečenih neformalnim učenjem (Crnčić Sokol i Kostanjčar Suljada, 2009, 95), otvara se put za primjenu sociološke perspektive, teorije i metodologije na novo područje validacije i evaluacije vještina i znanja stečenih neformalnim te informalnim obrazovanjem. Ovaj se rad, stoga, usmjerava na razmatranje implikacija razvoja projekata neformalnog obrazovanja čiji su nositelji upravo udruge civilnog društva. Probleme formalnog priznavanja vještina i znanja stečenih neformalnim kanalima obrazovanja stavlja u prvi plan. U fokusu se rada nalazi metodološki problem mjerenja učinka projekata neformalnog obrazovanja na sudionike. Koristeći se kvantitativnom metodologijom (te strukturiranim upitnikom kao mjernim instrumentom) istraživanje je dizajnirano kao kvazi-eksperimentalno istraživanje. Glavnu istraživačku strategiju predstavlja akcijsko evaluacijska ideja s ciljem mjerenja i jasnog evaluiranja promjena koje su se dogodile kod sudionika projekta BeAlive 2014 u odnosu na specifične ciljeve samog projekta, što rezultira otvaranjem metodološke rasprave o načinima evaluacije, validacije i mjerenja promjena te učinaka projekata neformalnog obrazovanja. ; Croatian civil society has for many years, slowly but surely, advanced in its vision and purpose. Due to the Croatian accession to the European Union, the civil society has acquired new possibilities for funding and implementation of a wide range of projects. In addition to these, the increasing importance of recognizing the skills and knowledge gained informally (Crnčić Sokol and Kostanjčar Suljada, 2009, 95), opened the way for the application of sociological perspectives, theories and methodology to a new research area; the validation and evaluation of the skills and knowledge gained through non-formal and informal education. This paper, therefore, focuses on the implications of the development of non-formal education projects within civil society. The paper firstly addresses the problems with formal recognition of the skills and knowledge acquired through alternative channels of education. The focus of the work is the methodological problem of measuring the impact of non-formal education projects and programs on the participants/users. Using quantitative methodology (and structured questionnaire as a measuring instrument), the research was designed as a quasi experimental study. Action-evaluation design represented the main research strategy with the idea of assessing and clearly evaluating changes that the BeAlive 2014 project participants experienced, in relation to the specific project objectives and goals. This resulted in opening a methodological discussion on the ways to evaluate, validate and measure the changes and effects of non-formal education projects.

This paper deals with various issues concerning the establishment and inauguration of the first Croatian supplementary school in Italy, the shaping of the curriculum and the forming of heterogeneous learning groups. The paper also deals with the political aspect of the new institution. This school, located in Rome, has remained active to this day, with a curriculum that differs from the one in use in the Molise region, the home of the officially recognized Croatian national minority. The methodology is based on the analysis of the statistical data issued by the Italian Ministry of Education, of the legal regulations in effect at the time when the school was established, as well as today, and on the analysis of the pedagogical and linguistic theories by Bruner, Such, Widdicombe, Ivir-Ashsworth, Jelaska and Cvikić. The paper aims to show the modern and, indeed, progressive qualities of educational and cultural procedures in Croatian supplementary school in Rome, based on the principles set by the above mentioned authors. The task accomplished by the school is set in the context of creating/enforcing the national identity based on the cultural, historical, psychological and sociological principles, expounded by the monk Martinac, and by Fromm, Smith, Supek and Anholt. The establishing, organizing and functioning of the school is also analysed in consideration of the legal framework in the period from 1998 to 2015, as well as regarding the aspect of cultural diversity and cultural integration.

U radu se na temelju tadašnje i recentne (domaće i strane) literature te prostornih planova istražuje međuodnos turističkoga i prostornoga planiranja u Hrvatskoj i Jugoslaviji 1960-ih. Analitičko-interpretativnom metodom proučava se međuodnos tadašnjega društveno-političkog sustava, politika prema turizmu i prostoru, društvenoga planiranja, tijela uprave, institucija specijaliziranih za planiranje, turističkoga prometa, izrađenih prostornih planova, intenziteta izgradnje smještajnih kapaciteta i dr. Zaključuje se da su turističko i prostorno planiranje međusobno bili povezani društvenim planovima razvoja, a rezultati djelovanja u prostoru ovisili su o brojnim, često i nepredvidivim društveno-političkim čimbenicima. U praksi je provedba planova dodatno usložnjena jer su oni često djelovali apstraktno i kontradiktorno u političkom sustavu koji je imao ograničenu sposobnost za provedbu kvalitetnih, ali ponekad i utopijskih ideja. ; Based on the contemporaneous and recent (domestic and foreign) literature and spatial plans, this paper examines the relationship between touristic and spatial planning in Croatia and Yugoslavia in the 1960s. The relationship is determined using the analytical-interpretative method of the then socio-political system, tourism and spatial policy, social planning, administrative bodies, institutions specialised for planning, tourist traffic, produced spatial plans, the intensity of building accommodation capacity, etc. In the first period after the end of the war, tourism developed in an uncontrolled manner because it was not the subject of coordinated socio-economic and spatial plans. Due to a growing interest for the inflow of foreign currencies from foreign tourists, tourism gradually gained significance and was regularly given priority in development plans. The new approach to spatial planning was most visible in the developed methodology of spatial plan production and the hotel architecture and constructed hotel complexes. Since the Croatian coast had the longest Adriatic shoreline in the then Yugoslavia, the longest tradition of tourism, and was the flagship among the republics in tourism development projections and the spatial planning of tourism (because of the developed methodology of plan production), the largest number of touristic spatial plans during the socialist period were made for the Croatian Adriatic coast (on multiple levels), and the greatest investments were made in building hotel capacity there. Despite the initial idea of developing tourism and equal accommodation options for all, the new tourism planning model transformed away from this basic idea and gave priority to exponential economic growth. This new approach to tourism was most visible through the establishment of a new network of organisations and institutions for planning tourism and tourism planning in a broader spatial context rather than only on the level of individual investments. All factors regarding the implementation of social plans could not have been taken into account because all the administrative and reorganisation factors as well as the dramatic events of the socio-political and economic system as a whole that took place in the 1990s could not have been predicted. The proper methodological steps for continued and coordinated planning in the 1960s introduced significant changes into the system of touristic and spatial planning. After the implementation of the plans began, the complexities of planning (numerous unpredictable factors) that influenced their realisation became apparent. The practice of planning was further complicated because plans often acted in an abstract and contradictory manner in a political system that had a limited capacity for realising quality—and in some cases utopian—plans.

Ovo istraživanje promatra konkurentnost industrije šećera EU-a. Industrija šećera predstavlja vitalni dio industrije hrane i pića u EU. Cilj istraživanja je prikazati kako proizvođači šećera u EU mogu biti konkurentniji na unutarnjem i globalnom tržištu šećera. Metodologija se temelji na primjeni modela dinamičkih panel podataka pomoću uzoraka koji obuhvaćaju 189 poduzeća za proizvodnju šećera iz 25 država članica EU-a u razdoblju 2008. – 2016. Ključni rezultati pokazuju različiti utjecaj tehnologije (istraživanja i razvoja), ulaganja, proizvodnju šećerne repe, troškove zaposlenika, cijene plina i šećerne repe na prosječne prihode industrije šećera u EU. Rezultati potvrđuju važnost inputa kao što su prirodni plin, prihodi iz prethodnog razdoblja i ulaganja kao ključni čimbeniki konkurentnosti industrije šećera u EU. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja daju se preporuke i prijedlozi. ; This research investigates competitiveness of sugar manufacturing companies of the European Union (EU). Sugar industry represents a vital part of the EU food and beverages industry. The aim of the research is to show how EU sugar producers can be more competitive on internal and global sugar market. The methodology includes dynamic panel data models using sample covering up to 189 sugar manufacturing companies from 25 EU Member States in the period 2008- 2016. The key results demonstrate different impact of technology (Research and development activity), investments, sugar beet production, costs of employees, gas and sugar beet prices on average revenue of the EU sugar industry. The results confirm the importance of inputs such as natural gas, revenues from the previous period and investments as key factors of EU sugar industry competitiveness. The proposals and recommendations are presented after research results.

Ovo istraživanje promatra konkurentnost industrije šećera EU-a. Industrija šećera predstavlja vitalni dio industrije hrane i pića u EU. Cilj istraživanja je prikazati kako proizvođači šećera u EU mogu biti konkurentniji na unutarnjem i globalnom tržištu šećera. Metodologija se temelji na primjeni modela dinamičkih panel podataka pomoću uzoraka koji obuhvaćaju 189 poduzeća za proizvodnju šećera iz 25 država članica EU-a u razdoblju 2008. – 2016. Ključni rezultati pokazuju različiti utjecaj tehnologije (istraživanja i razvoja), ulaganja, proizvodnju šećerne repe, troškove zaposlenika, cijene plina i šećerne repe na prosječne prihode industrije šećera u EU. Rezultati potvrđuju važnost inputa kao što su prirodni plin, prihodi iz prethodnog razdoblja i ulaganja kao ključni čimbeniki konkurentnosti industrije šećera u EU. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja daju se preporuke i prijedlozi. ; This research investigates competitiveness of sugar manufacturing companies of the European Union (EU). Sugar industry represents a vital part of the EU food and beverages industry. The aim of the research is to show how EU sugar producers can be more competitive on internal and global sugar market. The methodology includes dynamic panel data models using sample covering up to 189 sugar manufacturing companies from 25 EU Member States in the period 2008- 2016. The key results demonstrate different impact of technology (Research and development activity), investments, sugar beet production, costs of employees, gas and sugar beet prices on average revenue of the EU sugar industry. The results confirm the importance of inputs such as natural gas, revenues from the previous period and investments as key factors of EU sugar industry competitiveness. The proposals and recommendations are presented after research results.

Rad se bavi mapiranjem i teorijskim konceptualiziranjem polemika vezanih uz "re- lacijsku formu". Pri tome ne predstavlja pokušaj pacifikacije različitih pozicija niti zauzimanja "strane" u polemikama, već se temelji na studiji koncepata (concept-based metodology) koja služe kao pomagala boljem razumijevanju objekta istraživanja. Premda je forma suvremene umjetnosti, bilo da je čine procesi ili postupci, prema tradicionalnom shvaćanju "razbijena", cilj rada je ispitati suprotno. U prvom dijelu analizirat će se pojam "relacijske forme" te diskursi vezani uz njezino artikuliranje. U drugom se dijelu istražuju tehnike i postupci odnosno strategije konceptualnih avangardi 1990-ih i 2000-ih. Zaključno se razmatraju napori, prijepori i mogućnosti umjetnosti u proširenom polju relacijskih praksi. Istraživanje će poslužiti za pobliže određenje ontološkog statusa suvremenih umjetničkih formi. ; The paper aims at mapping and theoretically conceptualizing the controversies around the "relational form." It does not, however, seek to conciliate the different positions or take "sides" in the debate; instead, it is based on a concept-based methodology as an instrument offering better insight into the researched object. Even though the form of contemporary art, be it as a process or as a procedure, is "broken" according to the traditional idea, the aim of this work is to examine the opposite. In the first part, the notion of "relational form" and the discourses related to its articulation are analyzed. The second part focuses on the techniques and procedures or strategies of the conceptual avant-gardes during the 1990s and 2000s. Eventually, the conclusion considers the efforts, debates, and possibilities of art in the extended field of relational practices. The aim of this research is to define more precisely the ontological status of contemporary art forms.

Rast turističke potražnje diljem svijeta dovela je do porasta broja metoda za prognoziranje turističke potražnje. Nove su tehnike polučile pouzdane prognoze turističkih dolazaka s ciljem boljeg ekonomskog planiranja. Ovo istraživanje ima za cilj prognozirati i usporediti djelotvornost dvaju nelinearnih pristupa umjetne inteligencije u predviđanju broja turističkih dolazaka u Singapur. Mjesečni podaci o dolasku turista u Singapur korišteni su za prognoziranje mjesec, dva, četiri i šest mjeseci unaprijed pomoću nelinearnih autoregresivnih (NAR) neuronskih mreža i neuro-fuzzy (neizrazitih) sustava. Točnost predviđanja neuronskih mreža NAR uspoređivala se s onom neuro-fuzzy sustava pomoću različitih mjerenja učinkovitosti. Studija je pokazala da su neuro-fuzzy sustavi učinkovitiji od mreže NAR u svim razdobljima prognoze i kod svih zemalja. Predložena neuro-fuzzy metoda poboljšava učinkovitost prognoziranja tehnika temeljenih na umjetnoj inteligenciji. Ova studija predstavlja doprinos literaturi u području turizma i mogu je koristiti menadžeri za učinkovito planiranje i provođenje mjera u okviru turističke politike. ; The ever increasing demand of the tourism sector worldwide has led to an increase in tourism demand forecasting methodologies. New techniques yield much reliable predictions of tourist arrivals for better economic planning. The study aims to forecast and compare the performance of two non-linear artificial intelligence approaches in predicting the number of tourist arrivals to Singapore. The Singapore inbound monthly tourism data were utilized to generate one, two, four and six month ahead forecasts with non-linear autoregressive (NAR) neural networks and neuro-fuzzy systems. The predictive accuracy of NAR neural networks and neuro-fuzzy systems were compared with various performance metrics. The study revealed that neuro-fuzzy systems outperformed NAR networks in all forecasting horizons and for all countries. The proposed neuro-fuzzy methodology helps in improving the forecasting performance of artificial intelligence based techniques. The study contributes to hospitality literature and could be utilized by managers to effectively plan and implement tourism related policy measures.

U ovom se radu istražuje mogu li "građanske tehnologije" (tehnologije koje potiču aktivno građanstvo) na efikasan način razvijati političku učinkovitost građana i mijenjati njihovu percepciju odgovornosti vlade. Anketirani su korisnici "građanskih tehnologija" na mrežnim stranicama iz SAD-a, UK-a, Kenije i Južnoafričke Republike. Temeljno je pitanje bilo jesu li određene građanske akcije nadzora, koje je moguće provesti putem tih mrežnih stranica, utjecale na promjenu mišljenja građana o tome reagiraju li vlade na građanski nadzor. Rezultati ukazuju na poboljšanu građansku učinkovitost, kao i na povećanu percepciju odgovornosti vlade. Između korisnika "građanskih tehnologija" koji dolaze iz proučavanih zemalja uočene su značajne demografske razlike koje su povezane sa širokim spektrom načina na koje građani koriste informacijske i komunikacijske tehnologije (IKT). Ipak, svima im je zajedničko povjerenje u učinkovitost tih tehnologija. Rezultati upućuju na to da objavljivanje i građanski nadzor vladinih informacija putem "građanskih tehnologija" povećavaju osjećaj vanjske učinkovitosti i percepciju odgovornosti vlade, kako u razvijenim zemljama tako i u zemljama u razvoju. ; This article examines whether civic technologies deliver an effective technique for developing the political efficacy of citizens and altering their perceived accountability of governments. Employing a survey-based methodology, a quantitative analysis was performed on the users of civic technology sites in the USA, UK, Kenya and South Africa. The primary question posed is whether the specific citizen monitoring actions facilitated by these sites cause a related effect in altering the extent to which citizens believe that governments are responsive to citizen-audit. The results indicate an enhancement in citizen efficacy and perceptions of government accountability. Notable differences detected in the user demographics between the countries studied demonstrate a wide spectrum of citizen usage; however, with common confidence displayed by respondents in the efficacy of the ICT. The findings indicate that the publication and citizen-audit of government information through civic technologies in developed and developing countries increases feelings of external efficacy and perceived government accountability.