Suchergebnisse

The concept of democracy in Indonesia actually has already exists at the grassroots level, which is in the village, and thus, to create democracy should be from the bottom. At this level, we would know how to create, strengthening, and consolidating democracy in regional even in national level. Hence, the core institution for democratization is the Village at the grassroots level. This case study research conducted in Sunyalangu Village, Central Java, Indonesia that is include to a poor village in Banyumas region and thus, it become a marginal village. I examine their political cultures on national general elections from 1971 to 2004 and the relationships between village's executive and legislative roles on the lowest level of democratization. This focus shows how empirical democracy created. The result of this research shows that their political cultures is inconsistence in elects their political parties and representatives because of personal needs and their moral economy to the political party. Moreover, the village government (local executive) is still dominates the relationship with local parliament (BPD) because of the institutional and geographical constraints at the grassroots level. The implication of this situation is to re-think the concept of democracy in grassroots level by creating the democracy culture.

The IFRS can be applied in the multi national company (MNC) and listing firms across the country but it does not mean it can replace the national accounting standards that have been owned by respective countries. The accounting standardization is not an easy job because each country has different political, social, and economic background. This study is to reveal the reason and who is behind IFRS adoption in Indonesia. This qualitative research is a case study based on cases representing institutions in Indonesia: DSAK, DPN IAI, BAPEPAM-LK, the finance ministry and the ministry of state own enterprises (BUMN). Data were collected by interviews and using readily available documents and processed with thematic analysis. The result shows the adoption of IFRS decisions is driven by international interests. Indonesia's membership in several international organizations, such as IFAC (International Federation on Accountant), IOSCO, and the G-20, has resulted in the approval of global accounting standards in Indonesia. Each organization has done a variety ways to ensure that its members adopt IFRS. IFRS should be based more on Indonesia accounting needs and should not be only based on a desire particularly coercion from others. In-depth analysis based on the reality of each particular business should be conducted before a decision to adopt IFRS is taken.

The IFRS can be applied in the multi national company (MNC) and listing firms across the country but it does not mean it can replace the national accounting standards that have been owned by respective countries. The accounting standardization is not an easy job because each country has different political, social, and economic background. This study is to reveal the reason and who is behind IFRS adoption in Indonesia. This qualitative research is a case study based on cases representing institutions in Indonesia: DSAK, DPN IAI, BAPEPAM-LK, the finance ministry and the ministry of state own enterprises (BUMN). Data were collected by interviews and using readily available documents and processed with thematic analysis. The result shows the adoption of IFRS decisions is driven by international interests. Indonesia's membership in several international organizations, such as IFAC (International Federation on Accountant), IOSCO, and the G-20, has resulted in the approval of global accounting standards in Indonesia. Each organization has done a variety ways to ensure that its members adopt IFRS. IFRS should be based more on Indonesia accounting needs and should not be only based on a desire particularly coercion from others. In-depth analysis based on the reality of each particular business should be conducted before a decision to adopt IFRS is taken.

This research is aimed at the Office of Tax Management Board And Retribution of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency which is aimed to find out how the Implementation of Regional Regulation Policy Number 15 Year 2011 on Restaurant Taxes and any Factors that participate in implementing it. The research method used is descriptive-qualitative method, data completion process by observation, interview and documentation. With a robust sample of 12 people and data analysis techniques by means of data reduction, data presentation and withdrawal. The results of research conducted on the things that have been good by the relevant agencies, will other implementers who are not helped by not participating to achieve success by paying with premises on time and follow the procedures of the direction of a solid institution then it is appropriate as said successfully touched. However, the factors that are developing are: Standards and Policy Objectives that are still not in accordance with the region, Characteristics of Implementing Agencies not yet firm and Social and Political Condition not yet understand the society. Has not understood the people who are still unclear about this tax retribution system but the role of the agency and the government is to date still leads by providing information regularly about this restaurant tax even though it has been repeatedly described so that the restaurant can understand and understand to Pay the dues. More assertiveness by the agencies in the implementation of this regulation is needed so that the public can understand clearly and avoid the prevailing provisions, and apply the applicable judicial standards.

This paper analyses the important of regional investment agreements for promoting international trade in ASEAN countries. To visualize the above idea, this work will explain the roles of regional investment agreements to serve investment, trade facilitation and to protect regional investment interests. It is argued that regional investment agreements can serve as a vehicle for dialogue, coordination on and to response regional issues including regulatory harmonization, infrastructure development, and collaboration among members to facilitate investment. The paper shows how regional agreements will commit to eliminate barriers on substantially trade and investment, create positive welfare gains, the productivity and stimulus to growth in the region. This paper also analyses the effect of the establishment of an ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) by 2015 to the regional investment policies. AEC aiming at transforming ASEAN into a single market and production base with a highly competitive economic region, equitable economic development, free movement of goods, services, investment, skilled labor, and freer flow of capital, will likely accelerate regional integration and cooperation in the investment sectors fully integrated into the international trade. Then, this work demonstrates the implementation of regional investment cooperation into the formal instruments/agreements of investment policy architecture promoting and protecting cross border investment among nationals of ASEAN member states, such as ASEAN Investment Guarantee Agreement (IGA), the ASEAN Investment Area (AIA) and ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement (ACIA). However, it is realized that the ASEAN members may resist and protest against the regional investment agreements because of conflicting their national interest. The paper proposed that the regional inv stment agreements need to be strengthened by harmonization and structural adjustment due to the member's resistance and protest. This idea may spark challenge because each member has fundamental differences on the nature and character of legal and economic systems reflecting different political systems, economic and social cultures in accordance with the philosophy of life values and national interests of each country. To overcome the challenge, this paper argues that ASEAN member countries need to unilaterally and collectively come up with structuring trade and investment policy harmonization to move ahead and reap the benefits from regional investment agreement as a common tool for contesting their interest in international trade. In addition, pre agreed flexibilities to accommodate the interests of all ASEAN countries may eliminate the problem.

The Regional Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia (DPD RI) is a state institution that was born from the 1945 NRI Amendment process. The formation of the DPD RI was meant not only to reform the parliamentary structure into two chambers, the formation of the DPD RI was a constitutional effort intended to better accommodate regional votes by giving channels, as well as roles for the regions. In that perspective, the DPD RI must play a more important role in bridging local regional aspirations with national development policies. Thus, regional interests and aspirations can be integrated and aligned with national policies. If the DPR brings political aspirations of the people, then the DPD should carry regional aspirations that are not only political in nature but have social and cultural values in accordance with the variety of regions it represents. In essence, the role of the DPD is more emphasized on the importance of accommodating and aggregating the aspirations and interests of the regions to balance the hegemony of the DPR which carries the aspirations of the people which are only political. This research will focus on the extent to which the DPD RI has carried out its role as mandated and the ideals of its formation as regional representatives. Whether the presence of the DPD has accommodated and aggregated regional interests and has also been able to avoid legislative power being only concentrated in one institution (check and balance).

Waste water generated by the efforts of the washing of vehicles is directly discharged into water bodies or waterways will cause pollution in water bodies due to the characteristics of the washing process that generates the content of the detergent or ionic surfactants and COD concentration is high contained in the waste water washing the car and potentially causing a decrease in the quality of water bodies and cause unpleasant odors, it is caused by the nature of the detergent and oil are difficult to decompose, causing a decrease in self purification of the water body. Under these conditions, the necessary technology can be used to deal with waste car wash. This study aims to determine the ability of coagulation methods and biofilter in lowering levels of contaminants COD (chemichal Oxygen Demand) and the levels of detergentthe vehicle washing waste. This study is Praeksprimen with Pretest-Posttest Design draft that begins with a literature review, a preliminary study and research core that is making the tool coagulation and multimedia biofilter. Data on laboratory results were analyzed descriptively explained in the form of tables, graphs and narrative that describes the overall process that occurred during the study. Based on the research that the method of coagulation and multimedia biofilter reducing levels of COD (chemichal Oxygen Demand) washing the vehicle with the efficiency decreased by 55.99 mg / l (64.84%) and the content of detergent (MBAs) in wastewater effluents washing vehicles with efficiency penu (Runan of 86,05mg / l (40.05%) the processing is compliant with the standards in accordance Government Regulation No.82 of 2001 on processing of water Quality and water Pollution Control who will be discharged into water bodies class III, shall not exceed 200 mg / l.

This article is a theoretical review based on idea comparisons in exploring various perspectives on food insecurity. Overall, the authors focus on the discussion of food insecurity, in the form of hunger which is considered to have several limitations. The narrative or discursive of food security and food sovereignty contradicts one another. Even so, the two are not as oppositional concepts, but as interrelated concepts, especially covering efforts to overcome hunger which includes access, distribution, security and equality. Meanwhile, the approach to national security based on realism and human security based on the Copenhagen School has significant differences. However, both have problems in positioning hunger as a security issue. Realism that relies on the state-centric places dealing with hunger is the concentration of government activities in ensuring national interests, so that the existing policies are on how the food availability can be fulfilled or surplus. Subsequently, the human security perspective looks at the hunger issue faced by humans so that a securitization process is needed that is carried out by securitization agency. It can be seen here that actions to overcome fundamental problems are only the responsibility of the elite governments, while the voices of the interests of individuals experiencing hunger are neglected. Thus, a critical security approach appears to mediate the above limitations. This perspective offers that the issue of hunger should be reframed as this security problem is a structural problem. Furthermore, this approach proposes the definition of food security in vulnerable populations from the structural violence of hunger.

To run the bureaucratic engine, the position and role of the State Civil Apparatus as an element of the state apparatus has a considerable contribution in determining the success of National Development, both physical and non-physical. This is based on the fact that the State Civil Apparatus is the backbone of the country, so that the national goal of creating a just and prosperous society based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution is largely determined by the implementation of tasks imposed on the State Civil Apparatus. To realize these ideals, state apparatus are needed that are always consistent and consistent, clean, responsible, future-oriented and have a spirit of service and professionalism in the administration. This study aims to find out the influence of education and training on the performance of state civil apparatus. The method used in this study is product moment correlation analysis, simple linear regression analysis and analysis of determination. Based on the results of the analysis of determination, it can be seen that the Effect of Education and Training on State Civil Apparatus Performance is 86.86%. This means that there are 13.14% more than Education and Training affecting the Performance of the State Civil Apparatus in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency. Thus, the hypothesis in this study is acceptable to the truth, namely "if Education and Training is getting better, the performance of the State Civil Apparatus in the Regional Financial Management and Asset Agency will also be better".

Industrial relations dispute settlement can be done through litigation and nonlitigation. The process of settlement of disputes through litigation in the courts, resulting in agreements that are not yet able to embrace the adversarial common interests, tend to cause new problems, slow in its solution, requiring expensive, unresponsive, and caused animosity between the parties. While the dispute settlement process through non-litigation out of court to produce an agreement that is win-win solution, which guaranteed the confidentiality of the dispute by the parties, to avoid delays caused due to procedural and administrative problems in a comprehensive settlement in togetherness, and still maintain good relations . The only advantage of non-litigation process is the nature of confidentiality, because the process of trial and even the decision was not made public. Dispute settlement mechanism is a win-win solution can be done in stages: first stage Bipartite tail, a settlement through consultation between workers with employers without the intervention of third parties. The second stage through mediation, which is implemented by the Government settlement through a mediator which is responsible for mediation can be a mediator in resolving disputes between workers with employers, or through conciliation, the conciliation officer is appointed and dismissed by the Secretary of Labor based on advice union organization or unions. However, if the settlement is not reached agreement may be pursued to the Indonesian National Arbitration Board conducted by the National Arbitrator, and succeeded in reaching an agreement made when the deed of settlement which is binding (the final and binding).

The era of trade liberalisation for the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) began in December 2015 and brought about economic liberalisation in the Southeast Asian region. This era is competitive and the ASEAN member states (AMSs) almost do not have full power of sovereignty to govern their own economic national matters. In this globalised dependence era, the majority of states in the world have to adjust and adopt as well as adapt their national laws to internationalised rules of law. This trade liberation era also has forced companies and other business entities, including Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and Cooperatives in Indonesia to compete with each other in order to tap the benefits of international trade liberalisation. In this context, SMEs and Cooperatives in Indonesia need some kind of protection from the government that does not oppose international regulations on trade. While the number of SMEs and Cooperatives is 98 per cent, their contribution to Indonesian export is small, at only 19 per cent. They are weak in terms of capacity building and access to capital, information technology, global markets as well as integration with regional and global market chains. This research paper evaluates SMEs and Cooperatives in Indonesia in terms of facing AEC trade liberalisation, i.e., what has done and should be done by the authority is to give proper protection to the SMEs in Indonesia by focusing on the manufacturing SMEs as this sector has the best chance of boosting SMEs' export capacity and building the competitiveness of Indonesian SMEs in order to be equal with other SMEs in the ASEAN region.

This article is intended to examine the movement of political parties towards the castration of village democracy. Based on two studies conducted before and after the birth of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. Marking the economy and the domination of the village elite are clearly illustrated in winning Pilkades. The dominance of clients who are concerned with the services of their parents or siblings who have been approved as village heads. Issues that will be the subject of discussion concern the role of party wings in the process of castration of village democracy. The selection of political parties is not seen in the castration of village democracy. It turns out that the people who control the candidates are those who are involved in political wing organizations. Political organizations have no restrictions as long as they do not prioritize political parties. This situation basically depicts my organization as indirect politics which has castrated village democracy. The organizational movement of the political wing in the village is a problem that is determined by the political parties which include its regulation. The election of village heads in the political process related to the political interests of the people, local politics regulates more influences on the daily life of national politics. The political wing organizations have unwittingly castrated democracy at the village level. Ideally, the village as a laboratory for national democracy should serve as a model and limit the excessive role of politics in achieving democracy nationally. ; Artikel bertujuan mengkaji gerakan sayap partai politik terhadap pengkebirian demokrasi desa. Berpangkal pada dua penelitian sebelum dan sesudah lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Ekonomi dan dominasi elite desa tergambar jelas dalam memenangkan Pilkades. Permasalahan dan pembahasan berkenaan dengan peran sayap partai politik dalam proses pengkebirian demokrasi desa. Keterlibatan partai politik tidak terlihat dalam pengkebirian demokrasi ...

Economic valuation approach CVM (contingent valuation method) can be used to determine the preferences of the respondents (the people) for natural resources by promoting the ability to pay (Wilingness to Pay) are expressed in terms of value for money, which directly asked to respondents by reviewer or researcher. It can be concluded that the three variables: age, education level and income level positively effect on the determination of WTP.The conclusion is reinforced by figures of determinant coefficient (R adj) of 64.7%. Which means that the models regression equation is quite appropriate for the independent variable and it can explain the dependent variable is at 64.7%, While the dependent variable explained by other variables that have not been covered in this equation is about 35,3%.The results obtained (the value of WTP=Rp 15.000) can be calculated by summing all of the 20 respondents were then divided by the number of respondents) .While the total benefit / revenue expected can be obtained by multipliying of the average WTP with the population in this a national park area. The location is in Serang city, Banten province. Banten province has population it is about 9.2 million, then the magnitude of potential benefit which can be obtained is about Rp 135.000 million. If the visitors expand then the potential benefit is greater. By using the Analysis of Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be obtained some priorities of sustainable tourism management as follows: first, the park should be managed by the government, secondly,it can be managed collaboratively between government and the private sector , thirdly, it can be managed by the private sector. Priority goal is focus on the achievement of environmental sustainability factors. Secondly, focus on providing economic benefits to local communities and the third is the park management cost as a last priorKeywords :analysis of hierarchy process, national park, economic valuation approach, government, privat

This study aims to determine and explore how Islam and Malay as an intertwined entity influence the formation of political institutions in the Sultanate of Palembang, especially influencing the appointment and succession of the Sultan. This study is the result of qualitative research based on a literature review using interpretive analysis techniques. In the practice of Islam in Indonesia, cultural values of non-Islamic religions are maintained and practiced by Islamic entities such as practices in the replacement of the King and Sultan. A theoretical approach to society by looking at the evolution of kings approached to explain the history of state administration and the transition of power, combined with Elite; Political Culture, and Cultural Politics. The results of this study found that the system of appointment and change of power in the Sultanate of Palembang, namely the existence of its characteristics associated with a blend of Malay and Javanese culture. Differences in political culture greatly influence the process of succession that occurs. Malay culture which emphasizes more on its economy in the maritime field and Arabic symbols will be different from Javanese culture which is more agrarian and syncretic. ; Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengeksplorasi bagaimana Islam dan Melayu sebagai entitas yang saling terkait mempengaruhi pembentukan lembaga-lembaga politik di Kesultanan Palembang, terutama yang mempengaruhi pengangkatan dan suksesi Sultan. Penelitian ini adalah hasil penelitian kualitatif berdasarkan tinjauan literatur menggunakan teknik analisis interpretatif. Dalam praktik Islam di Indonesia, nilai-nilai budaya agama-agama non-Islam dipertahankan dan dipraktikkan oleh entitas Islam seperti praktik-praktik pergantian Raja dan Sultan. Melalui pendekatan teoretis tentang masyarakat sosial dengan melihat evolusi raja-raja yang dijadikan pendekatan untuk menjelaskan sejarah ketatanegaraan dan peralihan kekuasaan, dipadukan dengan Elite; Political Culture, dan Cultural Politics. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sistem pengangkatan dan pergantian kekuasaan di Kesultanan Palembang, yaitu adanya karakteristik yang terkait dengan perpaduan budaya Melayu dan Jawa. Perbedaan budaya politik sangat mempengaruhi proses suksesi yang terjadi. Budaya Melayu yang lebih menekankan pada perekonomian di bidang maritim dan simbol-simbol Arab akan berbeda dengan budaya Jawa yang lebih agraris dan sinkretis.

This article discusses the effectiveness of the working age of state civil servant teachers based on Law number 5 of 2014 concerning state civil servants. This research raises the implementation of the productive age of state civil servant teachers and the efforts made by schools to increase teacher productivity and Islamic legal views regarding the productive age of state civil servant teachers. It is hoped that the regional government will increase the number or appoint teachers with the status of civil servants at this school for the progress of this school and take into account the welfare of its teaching staff and it is hoped that the teaching staff, both civil servants and non-civil servants, will remain trustworthy in carrying out their teaching duties. future future nationals.