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Foreword / by Ambassador Tefera Shiawal -- The United Nations -- Africa : the AU and sub-regional organizations -- Asia : ASEAN and other sub-regional institutions and proposals -- The Americas and Europe : the OAS and OSCE -- Conclusion: Optimism about civil society, and a proposed executive preventive role for the UN Security Council.

Examines the settlement of varied military & political disputes to quell increasing doubts about the viability of preventive diplomacy (PD) as a way for great powers to defuse international crises. Seven chronological cases, beginning with the 1830 Belgian revolt against the Dutch & ending with the recent conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina, are explored to shed light on how uncompromising local attitudes, rifts within international coalitions, & risks of PD failure were eventually overcome. Special emphasis is given to the endgame phase of conciliatory & coercive approaches to interventionist PD. It is emphasized that PD is not a one-time effort, & the failure of early intervention does not necessarily preclude the success of continued efforts. Key PD components of insulation & intervention are examined, noting that the primary task of a great power coalition involves overcoming the resistance of local antagonists in order to get them to accept an agreed-upon settlement. Four key distinctions for explaining cases of satisfactory PD settlements are discussed along with the policy implications of the case comparisons. 1 Table. J. Lindroth

Preventing ethnic conflicts : a reconsideration of the self-determination principle / Kikkawa Gen -- Security communities, power sharing, and preventive democracy -- Hoshino Toshiya -- Human rights, democratization, and preventive diplomacy : the OSCE in Belarus / Miyawaki Noboru -- Forced displacement and the prevention of further conflicts : lessons from the African Great Lakes region and Kosovo / Akizuki Hiroko -- Preventive diplomacy and the reform of the United Nations / Shōji Mariko